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Carboxylic acid

About: Carboxylic acid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 48544 publications have been published within this topic receiving 605696 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, a complete kinetic equation for describing the reaction catalyzed by Amberlyst 15 was developed, which can be used in the simulation and design of the catalytic distillation column for removing acetic acid from wastewater.
Abstract: Computer simulation showed that catalytic distillation is an attractive process for the removal of dilute acetic acid from wastewater. Selection of catalysts and kinetic data have been obtained for the design of the catalytic distillation column. Kinetic measurements were conducted in a batch reactor. Methanol was added to the dilute acetic acid solutions and reacted with the acid in water to form methyl acetate and water. The reaction can be catalyzed by solid acid catalysts. It was found that Amberlyst 15 was an effective catalyst for this reaction. The effects of stirrer speed, reaction temperature, reactant concentration and catalyst loading on reaction rate were investigated. A complete kinetic equation for describing the reaction catalyzed by Amberlyst 15 was developed. This equation can be used in the simulation and design of the catalytic distillation column for removing acetic acid from wastewater.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrochemical treatment of chlorophenol aqueous wastes involves the anodic and cathodic release of chlorine followed by the formation of non-chlorinated aromatic intermediates.
Abstract: The electrochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol aqueous wastes using boron-doped diamond electrodes was studied. This treatment led to complete mineralization of the wastes regardless of the operating conditions. A simple mechanistic model is consistent with the voltammetric and electrolysis results. According to this model, the electrochemical treatment of chlorophenol aqueous wastes involves the anodic and cathodic release of chlorine followed by the formation of non-chlorinated aromatic intermediates. Subsequent cleavage of the aromatic ring gives rise to non-chlorinated carboxylic acids. Chlorine atoms arising from the hydrodehalogenation of the chlorophenols are converted into more oxidized molecules at the anode. These molecules react with unsaturated C4 carboxylic acid to finally yield trichloroacetic acid through a haloform reaction. The non-chlorinated organic acids are ultimately oxidized to carbon dioxide and the trichloroacetic acid into carbon dioxide and volatile organo-chlorinated molecules. Both direct and mediated electrochemical oxidation processes are involved in the electrochemical treatment of chlorophenols.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the influence of Ag/sup +/ as an electron acceptor, and the dependence of the reactions on the kind of semiconductor and pH, and concluded that the pH dependence on the valence band position and the concentration of OH/sup -/ ion control the reaction paths.
Abstract: The heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were studied on several kinds of powdered semiconductors, mainly TiO/sub 2/. The influence of Ag/sup +/ as an electron acceptor, and the dependence of the reactions on the kind of semiconductor and pH, were investigated. The ratio of yields of hydrogen to hydrocarbon depends strongly on pH. At neutral or alkaline pH, hydrocarbon stops being evolved and only hydrogen is evolved. It is concluded that the pH dependence of the valence band position of the semiconductor and the concentration of OH/sup -/ ion control the reaction paths. From the pH dependence of methane production from acetic acid the valence band of anatase is estimated to be located more deeply by 0.1 eV than that of rutile. The results of product analysis and the complete decomposition of acetic acid to CO/sub 2/ show that there exist new reaction paths in which water is an oxidizing agent. Reaction schemes of these organic acids are proposed.

143 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the presence of chloroacetic acids, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and decomposition of the pollutants over Pt/TiO2 have been investigated and the effect of the concentration of monochloro ACetic acid and dichloroACetic acid on the hydrogen generation rate is consistent with a Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model.

143 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The thermal and long-term stability of carboxylic acid-choline chloride (ChCl) solvents has been investigated in this paper, showing that the mixture of choline chloride and carboxyl acid is stable.
Abstract: Mixtures of carboxylic acids and choline chloride are one of the most commonly used families of deep-eutectic solvents. The thermal and long-term stability of carboxylic acid–choline chloride (ChCl...

143 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023198
2022457
2021459
2020738
2019842
2018813