Showing papers on "Catalyst support published in 1968"

Silver catalyst production

Abstract: IMPROVED SUPPORTED SILVER CATALYSTS ARE PREPARED BY IMPREGNATING A SUPPORT WITH A SOLUTION OF A REDUCIBLE SILVER COMPOUND AND PASSING THE IMPREGNATED SUPPORT, IN THE PRESENCE OF A REDUCING AGENT, THROUGH A FLUIDIZED BED OF INERT PARTICULATE SOLIDS AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE.

Crystalline titanium dichloride—an active catalyst in ethylene polymerization. I. Catalyst activation

Abstract: Crystalline titanium dichloride, in the absence of organometallic cocatalyst, is a very poor catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene. It is transformed into a very active catalyst through mechanical activation (ball-milling). This catalyst is active in the absence not only of organometallic cocatalysts, but also metals and compounds (such as aluminium and AlCl3) capable of forming organometallic compounds in situ (i.e., with ethylene, before polymerization starts). Ball-milling causes not only the expected increase in surface area but also disproportionation of Ti++ to Ti+++ and metallic titanium, as well as a crystal phase change to a structure not previously identified with those of TiCl2 or TiCl3. Catalyst activity (polymerization rate) is shown to be proportional to surface area and a direct function of Ti++ content of the catalyst; an empirical equation relates catalyst activity to surface area and to Ti++ lost through disproportionation. Titanium trichloride was found to be inactive in the absence of organometallic cocatalyst, even after ball-milling. The difference in structure of the catalytically active species in the conventional Ziegler (organometallic cocatalyst) and in the titanium dichloride catalyst are discussed. The mechanism of polymerization is compared with that of the supported (CrO3 on SiO2/Al2O3 and MoO3 on Al2O3) catalyst systems.

Dehydrogenation-type reactions with group viii catalysts

Abstract: A process for the dehydrocyclization of paraffinic hydrocarbons or the dehydrogenation of low molecular weight paraffins to produce hydrogen and mono-olefins, including, contacting the organic materials with a catalyst of an active metal from Group VIII of the Periodic System, such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium and nickel, in amounts of about 0.5 to 5 percent of the finished catalyst and a promoter from the rare earth metal Group of the Periodic System, such as cerium and thorium, in an amount of 1 to 10 percent of the finished catalyst, both deposited on an inert oxide support, such as gamma-type aluminas, silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, etc., at a temperature between about 550* and 1,250*F, a pressure of 0.01 to 2,600 mm. of mercury absolute, and a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 10. A promoting amount of a second metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals may also be deposited on the carrier. The hydrogen produced by the dehydrogenation of paraffins is also separated from the olefins and contacted with coal liquids in the presence of the above catalyst or a hydrogenation catalyst and under hydrogenation conditions to increase the saturation of the coal liquids.

Purification of butylenes

Abstract: 1,260,010. Purifying n-butenes; co-dimerization. ESSO RESEARCH & ENG. CO. 2 June, 1969 [26 June, 1968], No. 27737/69. Heading C5E. Fractions rich in n-butylenes are obtained from mixtures of n- and iso-butylenes by contacting the mixtures with a supported nickel oxide catalyst above ambient temperature under conditions sufficient to polymerize (particularly dimerize) the isobutylene but insufficient for substantial conversion of the n-butylenes, the catalyst employed being one, the formation of which is finished in an acidic medium. The process may be carried out in more than one stage. Silica-alumina is a preferred catalyst support. The purified n-butylenes obtained as above may be co-dimerized with propylene, using a supported nickel oxide catalyst but under more severe conditions than for the purification, to produce C 6-8 fractions predominating in heptenes. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,171,950.

Catalyst and method of making same

Abstract: A CATALYTIC ARTICLE COMPOSED OF A CATALYST SUPPORT AND AN ADHERENT CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE LAYER OF A CRYSTALLINE MATERIAL HAVING A COMPOSITION EXPRESS IN TERMS OF OXIDES AS FOLLOWS: (CU0) X (AL203)Y .NH20 WHERE X IS FROM 1 TO 3 AND Y IS FROM 1 TO 4. THE NOVEL ARTICLE IS PREPARED BY CONTACTING A SUPPORT WITH A SORUCE OF ALUMINUM, A BASE, A SOURCE OF COPPER AND AN AMMONICAL REAGENT WHERE THE REAGENT AND COPPER ARE PRESENT IN THE RATIO OF NH3 TO CU OF AT LEAST FOUR. THE CATALYTIC ARTICLE FINDS APPLICATION IN SUCH PROCESSES AS THE OXIDATION OF OLEFINS, INCORPORATION INTO CATALYTIC MUFFERS FOR THE OXIDATION OF EXHAUST GASES, IN OXYHALOGENATION REACTIONS AND FOR THE CONVERSION OF SO2 TO SO3 IN FLUE GASES.

Method of making a foamed alumina shape or catalyst support

Abstract: A hydrated alumina which has been calcined to reduce its loss on ignition to below 12 percent and which is capable of at least partial rehydration is mixed with water and a blowing agent to form a slurry. The slurry is heated to below 100* C. to activate the blowing agent causing bubbles to form in the slurry. The slurry is then poured into a mold and heated to cause the alumina to rehydrate stabilizing the foamed body which is then activated at 350*-700* C.

Polymerization process and catalyst system

Abstract: UTILIZATION OF A CATALYST SYSTEM FORMED BY ADMIXING (A) A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA RNAIX3-0; (B) A TITANIUM TRICHLORIDE-ALUMINUM TRICHLORIDE COMPLEX OF THE APPROXIMATE FORMULA TICL3-1/3ALCL3; AND (C) A PHOSPHITE HAVING THE FORMULA (R''O)3P OR A PHOSPHONITE HAVING THE FORMULA (RO)2PR IN THE POLYMERIZATION OF 1-OLEFINS RESULTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERS HAVING HIGHER MODULUS AND LOWER XYLENES-SOLUBLE CONTENT. IN THE ABOVE FORMULAS, R IS SELECTED FROM ALKYL, CYCLOALKY, AND ARYL GROUPS, AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF, HAVING FROM 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMSS R'' IS SELECTED FROM MONO- OR DIHALO-SUBSTITUTED ALKYL, CYCLOALKYL, AND ARYL GROUPS AND COMBINATIONS THEREOF HAVING FROM 1 TO 12 CARBONS ATOMS, AND N IS 1 OR 2.

Apparatus for determining carbon on catalyst

Abstract: APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF CARBON DEPOSITED ON A CATALYST, SUCH AS A HYDROCARBON CRACKING CATALYST, INCLUDING COMBINATION MEANS, MEANS FOR INTRODUCING A CATALYST HAVING CARBON DEPOSITS INTO THE COMBUSTION MEANS, MEANS FOR DETERMINING AND RECORDING THE AMOUNT OF CARBON BURNED OFF THE CATALYST, AND MEANS FOR PURGING THE SYSTEM.

Polymers of vinylpyridines and polyvinyl aromatic compounds

Abstract: VINYLPYRIDINES ARE POLYMERIZED IN THE PRESENCE OF A POLYVINYL AROMATIC COMPOUND. THE POLYMERIZATION IS CARRIED OUT IN A REACTION MEDIUM COMPRISING METHANOL AND WATER. THE RESULTING POLYMER IS PARTICULARLY USEFUL AS A CATALYST SUPPORT.

Treatment of thiosulfate-containing solutions with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel sulfide catalyst

Abstract: A WATER-SOLUBLE THIOSULFATE COMPOUND IS REDUCED TO ELEMENTAL SULFUR BY CONTACTING AN QUEOUS SOLUTION OF THE THIOSULFATE COMPOUND AND HYDROGEN WITH A SOLID CATALYST COMPRISING NICKEL SULFIDE AR REDUCTION CONDITIONS INCLUDING A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 100 TO ABOUT 300* C. AND A PRESSURE OF ABOUT 100 TO ABOUT 3000 P.S.I.G. TYPICALLY, THE ELEMENTAL SULFUR PRODUCED BY THE REDUCTION STEP IS RECOVERED IN THE FORM OF A POLYSULFIDE WHICH CAN, IF DESIRED, BE DECOMPOSED TO SEPARATE ELEMENTAL SULFUR.

Hydrocracking catalyst and method of preparation

Abstract: AN IMPROVED HYDROCRACKING CATALYST COMPOSITION PREPARED BY SUBJECTING A CRYSTALLINE ALUMINOSILICATE STARTING MATERIAL, CHARACTERIZED BY A SILICA/ALUMINA MOL RATIO OF AT LEAST 3, TO UP TO ABOUT 35% ALUMINA REMOVAL BY TREATMENT WITH A CHELATING AGENT, FOLLOWED BY CONTACTING THE RESULTANT PARTIALLY DEALUMINIZED CRYSTALLINE ALUMINOSILICATE WITH A NONAQUEOUS SULFUR-CONTAINING SOLUTION OF A PLATINUM OR PALLADIUM GROUP METAL, WITH THE RESULT THAT THE METAL IS PRESENT IN THE CATALYST COMPOSITION, AFTER DRYING, IN THE SULIFIDED FORM.

Carbon catalyst composition

Abstract: CATALYST COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING A CATALYTIC AMOUNT OF A PLATINUM METAL DEPOSITED ON CARBON CO-CATALYST IN CATALYTIC AMOUNT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF CARBON HAVING A BOUND ACTIVITY OF AT LEAST ABOUT 0.4 MILLIEQUIVALENT PER GRAM. THE COMPOSITION CATALYZES THE FORMATION OF IMINES, PARTICULARLY IN A PROCESS OF REDUCTIVE ALKYLATION.

Method of forming a catalyst catalyst coated powder and electrode

Abstract: METHODS ARE DESCRIBED FOR FORMING HIGH SURFACE AERA CATALYSTS BY THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF A MIXTURE OF ONE THERMALLY DECOMPOSABLE SILVER SALT AND ONE THERMALLY DECOMPOSABLE NICKEL SALT. ELECTRODES CAN BE MADE FROM THESE CATALYSTS. METHODS ARE ALSO DESCRIBED FOR FORMING HIGH SURFACE AREA CATALYSTS, SUPPORTED CATALYSTS AND ELECTRODES BY MIXING METALLIC SALTS OF SILVER ACETATE AND NICKEL ACETATE WITH AN ORGANIC SOLVENT OR AN ORGANIC SOLVENT AND AQUEOUS SOLVENT TO FORM A SOLUTION. THE SOLUTION IS EVAPORATED AND THE MIXED SALTS ARE DECOMPOSED THERMALLY TO PRODUCE A HIGH SURFACE AREA CATALYSTS FROM WHICH ELECTRODES CAN BE FORMED. ADDITIONALLY, THE SOLUTION CAN BE APPLIED TO FINELY DIVIDED POWDER OR TO AT LEAST A PORTION OF A POROUS SUBSTRATE AFTER WHICH THE SOLVENT IS EVAPORATED. AFTER THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF THE MIXED METALLIC SALTS, THERE ARE FORMED SUPPORTED CATALYSTS AND ELECTRODES, RESPECTIVELY. THE RESULTING HIGH SURFACE AREA CATALYSTS, SUPPORTED CATALYSTS AND ELECTRODES ARE CONSIDERABLY LESS EXPENSIVE THAN PLATINUM CATALYSTS.

Platinum and Catalysts

Abstract: Catalytic Hydrogenation over Platinum Metals By Paul N. Rylander. Pp. xii + 550. (New York: Academic Press, Inc.; London: Academic Press, Inc. (London), Ltd., 1967.) $22.50; 180s.

Method for the production of hydrogen cyanide wherein platinized mullite serves as a catalyst

Abstract: A MIXTURE OF AMMONIA AND METHANE IS REACTED OVER PLATINIZED MULLITE CATALYST TO GIVE HIGH YIELDS OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE. THE CATALYST IS PREPARED BY DEPOSITING PLATINUM ON EITHER NATURAL OR SYNTHETIC MULLITE; IT POSSESSES IMPROVED STABILITY AND AVOIDS THE PROBLEM OF CARBONITRIDATION FREQUENTLY ENCOUNTERED IN USE OF ALUMINA AS A CATALYST SUPPORT IN THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE.

Process for manufacturing a catalyst,resulting catalyst and process for manufacture of benzoic aldehyde from toluene in the presence of said catalyst

Abstract: PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A CATALYST USED FOR OXIDIZING TOLUENE TO BENZALDEHYDE, WHICH PROCESS COMPISES ADMIXING AN URANIUM OXIDE OR SALT WITH A MOLYBDENUM OXIDE OR SALT IN THE PRESENCE OF SULFURIC ACID, DRYING AND CALCINATING THE RESULTING MIXTURE. OPTIONALLY, THERE CAN BE ADDED TO THE MIXTURE, BEFORE DRYING AND CALCINATING, AN ALKALINE OR ALKALINE-EARTH METAL COMPOUND AND/OR METALS OR COMPOUNDS OF METALS SUCH AS CHROMIUM, TUNGSTEN, SILVER COPPER, YTYTRIUM, CERIUM AND OTHER ELEMENTS FROM THE GROUP OF THE RARE EARTHS.