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Showing papers on "Catalyst support published in 1973"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a dual-functional catalyst comprising platinum-on-alumina mixed with tungsten oxide on-silica was used for the disproportionation of straight-chain alkanes.

88 citations


Patent
10 Dec 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for the preparation and use of catalysts suitable for promoting selected oxidation and reduction reactions, especially for eliminating or substantially reducing pollutants in waste gas streams such as automobile exhaust, or nitric acid plant tail gas, is described.
Abstract: Catalysts suitable for promoting selected oxidation and reduction reactions; especially for eliminating or substantially reducing pollutants in waste gas streams such as automobile exhaust, or nitric acid plant tail gas, are described, as are processes for their preparation and use The catalysts contain platinum group metal, rare earth metal and alumina components which may be supported on relatively catalytically inert carriers, for instance, honeycombs The catalysts can be prepared, for example, by pre-calcining a mixture of alumina and rare earth metal oxide, eg, ceria, at a temperature of at least about 750° C to obtain a catalytically-active material; coating a relatively inert support, if such is used, with an aqueous slurry of the calcined material; calcining the composite, adding platinum group metal thereto and drying

86 citations


Patent
26 Nov 1973
TL;DR: In this article, a novel catalyst support, a method of making said support by treatment of prior art crystalline catalyst supports with hydroxy-aluminum solution and hydrocarbon conversion processes wherein the catalyst used therein includes said support.
Abstract: The disclosure provides a novel catalyst support, a method of making said support by treatment of prior art crystalline catalyst supports with hydroxy-aluminum solution and hydrocarbon conversion processes wherein the catalyst used therein includes said support.

85 citations


Patent
Lloyd A. Pine1
19 Oct 1973
TL;DR: In this article, a catalyst support comprised of alumina and aluminum phosphate is prepared by the hydrolysis of an aluminum alkoxide such as aluminum sec-butoxide with an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid.
Abstract: A catalyst support comprised of alumina and aluminum phosphate is prepared by the hydrolysis of an aluminum alkoxide such as aluminum sec-butoxide with an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid. The alumina-aluminum phosphate prepared in accordance with the invention is a stable material which can be readily formed for use as a support for catalysts useful in a number of hydrocarbon conversion processes. For example, the aluminaaluminum phosphate support may be impregnated with various combinations of cobalt, nickel, tungsten and molybdenum for use as a catalyst for the desulfurization and denitrogenation of both light and heavy petroleum fractions. The support material may also be combined with zeolitic materials for use in hydrocracking or catalytic cracking or combined with noble metals for use in the reforming of petroleum feedstocks.

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Zirconium oxide catalyst gave a high product ratio, 7.3, of cis-2butene/trans-2-butene from 1butene and 90.2% of 1-butenes formed from sec-butanol as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Zirconium oxide catalyst gave a high product ratio, 7.3, of cis-2-butene/trans-2-butene from 1-butene and 90.2% of 1-butene in butenes formed from sec-butanol. Poisoning effect of n-butylaraine or carbon dioxide on the reactions suggested that the catalyst has both acidic and basic character.

61 citations


Patent
Benjamin Gross1, Hartley Owen1
18 Jul 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydrocarbon conversion-catalyst regeneration operation is described which relies upon a dense fluid catalyst bed superimposed by a dispersed catalyst phase operation to effect elevated temperature regeneration of the catalyst providing low CO levels less than 0.15 mol percent in the flue gas by mixing regenerated catalyst with spent catalyst to obtain an initial mix temperature of at least 1175° F before contact with oxygen containing regeneration gas.
Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion-catalyst regeneration operation is described which relies upon a dense fluid catalyst bed superimposed by a dispersed catalyst phase operation to effect elevated temperature regeneration of the catalyst providing low CO levels less than 0.15 mol percent in the flue gas by mixing regenerated catalyst with spent catalyst to obtain an initial mix temperature of at least 1175° F. before contact with oxygen containing regeneration gas. The ratio of regenerated to spent catalyst is restricted to within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 and the oxygen content through the dense and dispersed catalyst phase is selected to provide a discharged dispersed catalyst phase temperature of at least 1350° F.

60 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1973-Polymer
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of metal halides other than AlCl 3 into a TiCl 3 catalyst, by the reduction of TiCl 4 with various metal alkyls is examined.

55 citations


Patent
20 Aug 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a composite base metal oxide catalyst of improved high temperature stability is provided by prereacting a selected base metal dioxide catalyst or its precursor compounds with a selected refractory high-surface-area spinel or its precursors to form a crystalline solid solution of the catalyst and the spinel.
Abstract: A composite base metal oxide catalyst of improved high temperature stability is provided by prereacting a selected base metal oxide catalyst or its precursor compounds with a selected refractory high-surface-area spinel or its precursor compounds to form a crystalline solid solution of the catalyst and the spinel. This solid solution has the properties of good catalytic activity and high temperature structural and surface area stability. An example of such a composite catalyst is CuCr2O4 in solid solution with NiAl2O4.

41 citations


Patent
16 Mar 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, the particle size of olefinear polymers produced by gasphase polymerization of at least one olein using Ziegler-type catalysts deposited on solid supports in a fluidized-solids operation is effected by controlling the particle sizes of the catalyst support.
Abstract: Control of particle size of olefin polymers produced by gasphase polymerization of at least one olefin using Ziegler-type catalysts deposited on solid supports in a fluidized-solids operation is effected by controlling the particle size of the catalyst support.

34 citations


Patent
20 Sep 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydrotreating catalyst consisting of a support of molybdenum oxide-inorganic oxide gel and carried thereon nickel oxide and molybiDENUM oxide so as to provide an active catalyst having an increased content of MNO over prior catalysts was disclosed.
Abstract: There is disclosed a hydrotreating catalyst consisting of a support of molybdenum oxide-inorganic oxide gel and carried thereon nickel oxide and molybdenum oxide so as to provide an active catalyst having an increased content of molybdenum oxide over prior catalysts and the process of preparation thereof.

33 citations


Patent
18 Sep 1973
TL;DR: A fuel cell electrode catalyst, adapted for application to a carbon fiber support mat substrate, is formed by the repetitive process of: mixing the powder with a dilute solution of the salt so as to form a slurry, the slurry then being concentrated and dried followed by the decomposition of salt to form partial product which is then used in place of the carrier powder in a repetition of the process until the desired concentration of catalyst is achieved as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A fuel cell electrode catalyst, adapted for application to a carbon fiber support mat substrate to form a fuel cell electrode, comprising small crystals of noble metal fuel cell catalyst specie, such as platinum, deposited on discrete particles of an inert carrier or support such as carbon powder, is formed by the repetitive process of: mixing the powder with a dilute solution of the salt so as to form a slurry, the slurry then being concentrated and dried followed by the decomposition of the salt to form a partial product which is then used in place of the carrier powder in a repetition of the process until the desired concentration of catalyst is achieved. Usage of a low concentration of catalyst salt results in a smaller crystallite, which yields a higher surface area of catalyst, for a more active electrode that provides an improved current/voltage performance characteristic at a lower cost.

Patent
14 Feb 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for depositing a noble metal catalyst on an oxide support material comprising contacting the support material with an alkaline solution of complex noble metal-amine cations under prescribed pH conditions is disclosed.
Abstract: A process for depositing a noble metal catalyst on an oxide support material comprising contacting the support material with an alkaline solution of complex noble metal-amine cations under prescribed pH conditions is disclosed. The process is particularly suitable for depositing catalysts on monolithic honeycomb support structures because the catalyst dispersions produced thereby are extremely uniform on the interior channel walls of the structure.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new catalyst for ethylene polymerization, NiO-NiSO4, was found from a study of NiO−SiO2, and NiCl2 catalysts.
Abstract: A new catalyst for ethylene polymerization NiO–NiSO4, was found from a study of NiO–SiO2, and NiCl2 catalysts. The Ni–NiSO4 catalyst prepared from mixtures of formate and sulfate is much less active than NiO–NiSO4 prepared from mixtures of hydroxide and sulfate. Poisoning behavior of carbon monoxide and water is quite similar to NiO–SiO2 catalyst. An equimolar mixture of NiO–NiSO4 gives maximum activity. The active species is postulated to be hydroxy sulfate of nickel. The structure of the active site is discussed.

Patent
27 Jun 1973
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a catalyst for activating a substrate prior to electroless metal plating and a process for making the same, which consists of the product resulting from the admixture of an acid soluble salt of a catalytic metal, stannous salt, an acid and an extraneous source of halide ions.
Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is a catalyst for activating a substrate prior to electroless metal plating and to a process for making the same. The catalyst comprises the product resulting from the admixture of an acid soluble salt of a catalytic metal, a stannous salt, an acid and an extraneous source of halide ions. The extraneous source of halide ions provides an excess of halide ions in the catalyst formulation over that found in prior art formulations. The catalyst differs from prior art catalysts in the excess of halide ions and is an improvement as it may be used at a higher pH to catalyze substrates normally attacked by strong acids, is more stable and is adsorbed onto substrates to a greater extent than prior art catalysts.

Patent
12 Apr 1973
TL;DR: A method for the preparation and use of an improved vanadium-phosphorus mixed oxide oxidation catalyst and a novel mixed oxide monohydrate which is a precursor of the catalyst is described in this paper.
Abstract: A method is described for the preparation and use of an improved vanadium-phosphorus mixed oxide oxidation catalyst and of a novel mixed oxide monohydrate which is a precursor of the catalyst.

Patent
15 Jan 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of making a catalyst precursor is proposed, which is capable of forming a first PRECIPTATE COMPRISING COMPOUNDS, of at least one DIVALENT METAL from the group consisting of ZINC, MANGANESE, and MAGNESIUM and at LEAST one TRIValent METAL form the group of OXIDES.
Abstract: 1. A METHOD OF MAKING A CATALYST PRECURSOR WHICH METHOD COMPRISES FORMING A FIRST PRECIPITATE COMPRISING COMPOUNDS, THERMALLY DECOMPOSABLE TO OXIDES, OF AT LEAST ONE DIVALENT METAL FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ZINC, MANGANESE, AND MAGNESIUM AND AT LEAST ONE TRIVALENT METAL FORM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM AND CHROMIUM WOSE OXIDES ARE CAPABLE OF FORMING TOGETHER A MIXED OXIDE HAVING THE SPINEL STRUCTURE, FORMING A SECOND PRECIPITATE COMPRISING ONE OR MORE COPPER COMPOUNDS THERMALLY DECOMPOSABLE TO OXIDES, WASHING,DRYING AND CALCINING THE TWO PRECIPITATES TO FORM THE METAL OXIDES, THE TWO PRECIPITATES BEING MIXED EITHER PRIOR TO OR SUBSEQUENT TO CALCINING.

Patent
18 Apr 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a support structure useful in catalyst systems for converting the noxious components of automobile exhaust gases to innocuous entities is disclosed, which is in the form of reinforced tubular structure and is characterized by excellent stability and very high surface area per unit weight.
Abstract: A support structure useful in catalyst systems for converting the noxious components of automobile exhaust gases to innocuous entities is disclosed. The support is in the form of reinforced tubular structure and is characterized by excellent stability and very high surface area per unit weight. The structure is also useful as a packing medium for reaction towers, as a support for catalysts in organic reactors and as a support for adsorbent materials.

Patent
07 May 1973
TL;DR: An improved hydrodesulfurization catalyst characterized by the method of manufacture is described in this article, where residual fuel oils are desulfurized in contact with the catalyst which comprises a Group VIB and Group VIII metal component preferably on an alumina support.
Abstract: An improved hydrodesulfurization catalyst characterized by the method of manufacture. The improvement is attributed to certain novel oxidizing procedures. Residual fuel oils are desulfurized in contact with the catalyst which comprises a Group VIB and Group VIII metal component preferably on an alumina support.

Patent
27 Nov 1973
TL;DR: In this article, a process for reacting carbon monoxide with steam at temperatures below 300°C is described, where the product of reducing co-precipitated oxides of copper and zinc and at least one further metal selected from the metals of Groups II to V of the Periodic Table whose oxides are usable as catalyst supports.
Abstract: A process for reacting carbon monoxide with steam at temperatures below 300°C. over a catalyst comprising the product of reducing partly the co-precipitated oxides of copper and zinc and at least one further metal selected from the metals of Groups II to V of the Periodic Table whose oxides are usable as catalyst supports.

Patent
01 May 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a catalyst is provided which is remarkably effective for catalyzing the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at ambient conditions, by contacting high surface area alumina with a solution of a cobalt compound (e.g., cobalt nitrate).
Abstract: A catalyst is provided which is remarkably effective for catalyzing the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at ambient conditions. This catalyst is prepared by contacting high surface area alumina with a solution of a cobalt compound (e.g., cobalt nitrate), adsorbing the cobalt compound on the alumina, removing the solvent, and thereafter heating the cobalt-treated alumina at a temperature of 400 DEG C to 1,300 DEG C in an oxygen-providing environment.

Patent
05 Jul 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a spinel crystal structure was used for treating exhaust gas from engine vehicles, which comprises aintered substance composed of ferric oxide and at least one metallic oxide.
Abstract: A catalyst for treating exhaust gas from engine vehicles which comprises aintered substance composed of ferric oxide and at least one metallic oxide and forming at least in part a spinel crystal structure. This catalyst can be strengthened by adding aluminum oxide as an additional ingredient. Also, by adding metallic ruthenium to the catalyst, its rate of converting nitrogen compounds can be increased and by adding metallic platinum to the catalyst, its rate of converting carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons can be increased.

Patent
18 Jul 1973
TL;DR: In this article, a fluid catalytic cracking -catalyst regeneration system is described, where regeneration of a crystalline zeolite hydrocarbon conversion catalyst is accomplished at an elevated temperature in the presence of regenerated catalyst mixed therewith in the upper portion of a bed of a regenerated catalytic catalyst with the mix ratio controlled as a function of the amount of primary regeneration gas introduced to a lower portion of the bed.
Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking - catalyst regeneration system is described wherein regeneration of a crystalline zeolite hydrocarbon conversion catalyst is accomplished at an elevated temperature in the presence of regenerated catalyst mixed therewith in the upper portion of a bed of regenerated catalyst with the mix ratio controlled as a function of the amount of primary regeneration gas introduced to a lower portion of the bed of regenerated catalyst.

Patent
26 Dec 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a new catalyst support for olefinic oxidation products is proposed, which is used in the preparation of unsaturated aliphatic acids such as methacrylic acids and unsaturated aldehydes.
Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of a new catalyst support and in methods for the preparation of olefinic oxidation products such as unsaturated acids, nitriles, and aldehydes. The novel support for the oxidation catalysts is expanded, crushed perlite, that is, volcanic glass which has been expanded to tiny hollow bubbles by heat which are then fractured. Perlite is a siliceous material largely of SiO2. Surprisingly, it is greatly superior to the commonly used amorphous, colloidal silica as a support, as well as to other known supports. The result is high productivity of desired products over a prolonged period of operation, high selectivity over a prolonged period of operation and prolonged life of the oxidation catalyst systems. The invention is preferably employed in the preparation of unsaturated aliphatic acids such as methacrylic acids and unsaturated aldehydes such as methacrolein by the oxidation of the appropriate aldehyde or olefin.

Patent
09 Aug 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiple-stage catalytic reaction system, in which the plurality of stages assume a side-by-side configuration, and in each of which the catalyst particles are movable via gravity-flow, is presented.
Abstract: Applicable to a multiple-stage catalytic reaction system, in which the plurality of stages assume a side-by-side configuration, and in each of which the catalyst particles are movable via gravity-flow, the present inventive concept affords the controlled transport of catalyst particles from one reaction stage, or zone, to another. The system is especially adaptable to be utilized in a multitude of high-pressure processes for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbonaceous material, in which processes deactivated catalyst particles are either regenerated, or discarded for disposal or, ultimate recovery of the catalytically active metallic components.

Patent
25 Jun 1973
TL;DR: In this article, the Ni5MgAl2(OH)16.4H2O is precipitated from an aqueous solution containing salts of nickel, magnesium and aluminum with a carbonate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal.
Abstract: The compound Ni5MgAl2(OH)16.CO3.4H2O is precipitated from an aqueous solution containing salts of nickel, magnesium and aluminum with a carbonate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal. After this catalyst precursor has been dried, calcined and reduced with hydrogen a catalyst can be prepared which is suitable for the cracking of hydrocarbons in the presence of steam. In the steam cracking of hydrocarbons the hydrocarbon and the steam may be reacted to form a gas rich in methane in contact with this catalyst at a preheating temperature of less than 300 DEG C.

Patent
09 Aug 1973
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of gravity-flow-based transport of catalytic particles from a reaction system to a catalyst regeneration facility is proposed for a multiple-stage reaction system.
Abstract: Applicable to a catalytic reaction system wherein a hydrocarbonaceous stream is reacted with hydrogen in contact with catalyst particles movable through the reaction system via gravity-flow, the present inventive concept affords the controlled transport of catalyst particles from a reaction system to a catalyst regeneration facility integrated therewith. The system is especially adaptable to be utilized on cooperation with a multiple-stage reaction system wherein catalyst particles flow in series, from one reactor to another, and deactivated catalyst particles from the last reactor are to be transported to the regeneration facility.

Patent
Johnson James R1
04 Jan 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual-catalyst system is proposed for a cross-flow or countercurrent flow honeycomb ceramic body with two catalysts, in one direction with a reducing catalyst and in the other direction with an oxidizing catalyst.
Abstract: A dual catalyst system comprises a cross-flow or countercurrent flow honeycomb ceramic body coated with two catalysts, for example, in one direction with a reducing catalyst and in the other direction with an oxidizing catalyst. Such a catalyst system may be mounted so that auto exhaust gases first pass through the reducing catalyst to reduce NOx and thereafter pass through the oxidizing catalyst to oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The heat from the latter reaction aids materially in providing suitable conditions for the first reaction.

Patent
14 Nov 1973
TL;DR: In this article, a process for regenerating deactivated noble metal hydrogenation catalysts to restore their catalytic activity is described, where the process involves contacting a deactivated metal hydrogenization catalyst with a polar organic solvent, then contacting the solvent-treated catalyst with an aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution followed by contacting the ammonium hyroxidetreated catalyst with steam and an oxygen-containing gas at temperatures from about 250*C to the transition temperature of the catalyst crystal structure.
Abstract: This invention describes a process for regenerating deactivated noble metal hydrogenation catalysts to restore their catalytic activity The process involves contacting a deactivated noble metal hydrogenation catalyst with a polar organic solvent, then contacting the solvent-treated catalyst with an aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution followed by contacting the ammonium hydroxidetreated catalyst with steam and an oxygen-containing gas at temperatures from about 250*C to the transition temperature of the catalyst crystal structure whereby the catalytic activity of the catalyst is substantially improved

Patent
09 Apr 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, a sulfide hydrogenation catalysts are formed by impregnating a suitable support material with an aqueous solution of a salt of a transition metal; heat-treating the impregnated support at a temperature above 500 DEG F. to form chemical complexes on the surface of the support and to drive off moisture and absorbed oxygen; contacting the supported metal complex with hydrogen sulfide; activating the surface complex by contacting supported metal sulfide complex with a soluble organometallic compound wherein the metal constituent is selected from Groups I, II and III of the
Abstract: Novel sulfided hydrogenation catalysts are formed by impregnating a suitable support material with an aqueous solution of a salt of a transition metal; heat-treating the impregnated support at a temperature above 500 DEG F. to form chemical complexes on the surface of the support and to drive off moisture and absorbed oxygen; contacting the supported metal complex with hydrogen sulfide; activating the surface complex by contacting the supported metal sulfide complex with a soluble organometallic compound wherein the metal constituent is selected from Groups I, II and III of the Periodic Chart of the Elements, and thereafter treating the activated support material in the presence of a gaseous stream containing hydrogen at a temperature of at least 300 DEG F. to form a highly stable heterogeneous sulfided catalyst. The novel supported catalysts of the instant invention have been found to be highly active for the hydrogenation of organic feedstocks containing sulfur under extremely mild conditions.

Patent
26 Oct 1973
TL;DR: A catalyst for purifying exhaust gases containing carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, or nitrogen oxides, which consists essentially of a base, an iron-aluminum alloy on the base and platinum group metal on the alloy, was proposed in this article.
Abstract: A catalyst for purifying exhaust gases containing carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, or nitrogen oxides, which consists essentially of a base, an iron-aluminum alloy on the base and platinum group metal on the alloy. The catalyst possesses high activity and durability for long periods of time even when employed at high temperature.