Showing papers on "Catalyst support published in 1975"

Composite catalyst bed and method for making the same

Abstract: A composite catalyst bed comprising a foam metal matrix packed with a plurality of catalyst particles. The foam metal matrix is a three dimensional, structurally rigid network of interconnected ligaments which define a plurality of interconnected pores filled by particles of a suitable catalyst, such as Shell 405. The composite structure is made by first filling the foam metal matrix with the catalyst particles and then compressing the same so that the catalyst particles become packed tightly in the matrix, with some of the catalyst particles being formed into the ligaments of the matrix. The composite catalyst bed is shown in a monopropellant reactor to decompose hydrazine based monopropellants, and also in a catalytic muffler to oxidize exhaust combustion products from an internal combustion engine. The foam metal matrix retains the catalyst particles in place to alleviate attrition of the particles, and also provides good thermal conductivity to improve performance of the catalyst.

Method of producing vinyl acetate

Abstract: Vinyl acetate is produced through reaction of ethylene, oxygen and acetic acid in vapor phase employing a catalyst which comprises 0.3 to 3.0 weight % of palladium metal, 0.0157 to 1.8 weight % of gold metal and 1 to 30 weight % of an alkali metal acetate, all based on the weight of the carrier or catalyst support therefor. These components are supported on said carrier or support under such conditions that (1) at least 90% by weight of each of the supported palladium and gold metals is distributed proximate the external surfaces of the carrier particles, extending to depths no greater than about 30% of the radius of each particle as measured from the external surface of each particle to the center of said particle, and (2) the proportion of gold to palladium ranges from about 5 to 60% by weight, based upon the total weight of the gold and palladium.

Catalysts and carriers therefor

Abstract: A catalyst carrier substance which can be obtained by reacting an inorganic particulate solid having surface hydroxyl groups with an organosilicon compound containing sulphur. The carrier may be converted to a supported catalyst by reaction with a compound or complex of platinum or rhodium. The catalysts can be recovered and recycled and are useful in hydrogenation, hydroformylation and oligomerization reactions. They are of particular interest with respect to hydrosilylation reactions.

Catalyst, method and polymerization processes

Abstract: A catalyst prepared by (1) forming a mixture of a finely divided support such as silica, alumina, zirconia or thoria and a chromium compound which may be either organic or inorganic followed by (2) adding a titanium compound, then (3) heat activating the reaction product of (2), and then (4) further heating in a gas that comprises oxygen. The disclosure also includes a method of polymerizing olefins with this catalyst and the process of preparing the catalyst.

Catalytic reforming process and catalyst

Abstract: An improved reforming process is obtained using a catalyst containing platinum, rhenium and chloride disposed on a particulate support formed using alumina obtained by removing water from an aluminum hydroxide produced as a by-product of a Ziegler higher-alcohol synthesis, when the catalyst is prepared by calcining the alumina support at a temperature between 1000° -1500° F to provide a support having a surface area between 140-240 m 2 /g, then impregnating a platinum compound and a rhenium compound into the calcined alumina in the presence of a sufficiently high concentration of chloride to obtain an impregnated composition, which, upon drying, contains at least 1.4 weight percent total chloride, and finally calcining the impregnated preparation to reduce the total chloride content of the final catalyst to less than 1.2 weight percent.

Simulated moving bed alkylation process

Abstract: A continuous catalytic alkylation reaction and catalyst reactivation process is carried out using a simulated moving catalyst bed to effect simultaneously in different zones of a multi-zone, fixed catalyst bed, an alkylation reaction and a reactivation of catalyst. The catalyst of the present invention is a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite composited with a Group VIII metal hydrogenation agent, and the reactivation medium utilized includes alkylatable hydrocarbon and hydrogen.

Open mesh, random fiber, ceramic structure, monolithic catalyst support

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel cellular ceramic catalyst support. The support consists of a random-fiber ceramic framework having a high surface area. The support is fabricated by flocking an organic sponge with wood or textile fibers, and impregnating the flocked sponge with a high alumina slurry containing a silicone resin and a flux. The impregnated organic sponge is sintered at a high temperature to burn out the organic sponge material. A fired high-silica glaze can be applied to the sintered article, followed by a second sintering step. A second glaze containing from 10-25 parts by weight CuO and from 10-25 parts by weight ZrO 2 , can be applied, followed by a 2000° F. sintering step. The high temperature causes recrystallization of the CuO onto the surface of the catalyst support thereby increasing the surface area. The glazed surface can be plated with copper or nickel and combinations thereof to function as a reducing unit in a catalytic converter. In addition, other reduction catalysts and oxidation catalysts, e.g., platinum are compatible with the support.

Process for preparing phosphated alumina extrudates

Abstract: A process for the preparation of phosphate-containing extruded alumina catalyst supports is disclosed. Due to their particular characteristics, these supports find application in hydrocarbon conversion catalysts and especially in catalysts for the hydrotreating of petroleum feedstocks.

Catalyst for the diminution of automobile exhaust gases

Abstract: A catalyst for the diminution of automobile pollution and a method for forming the catalyst are described. The catalyst comprises a metal alloy substrate having a specified composition, an oxide layer containing a large proportion of alumina on the surface of the alloy and a surface layer comprising from 60 to 100% platinum and from 0 to 40% palladium.

Catalysts based on carbon supports

Abstract: Carbon particulates comprising carbon black spheres and a carbon binder having large pores as well as desirable pore size distribution are disclosed which serve as catalyst supports. The support carrying an effective amount of an activator is an active catalyst composition for a variety of reactions including reduction reactions.

Catalysts for the hydrotreatment of hydrocarbons and their utilization

Abstract: OF THE DISCLOSURE Catalysts particularly useful for hydroreforming and isomerization of hydrocarbons formed of a refractory mineral oxide carrier having a halogen in combined form and the following metals in free or combined state: (a) A metal from the platinum group (0.02 to 2%); (b) tin (0.02 to 2%); and (c) at least one metal selected from the group of scandium, yttrium, thorium, uranium, and the rare earths (0.01 to 5%) - said percentages being based upon the total weight of the catalyst, said catalyst preferably having platinum and chlorine. Also the use of said catalyst in the aforementioned hydrotreatments.

Catalyst for treating exhaust gas from internal combustion engine

Abstract: The catalyst comprises a nickel component, a rhodium component, and a monolithic ceramic support. It may also contain a platinum component and/or a palladium component and the monolithic ceramic support may be coated with a wash coat of a ceramic material having a relatively high surface area. The nickel component and the rhodium component are deposited upon the monolithic ceramic support sequentially and in that order. The method of catalyst preparation and a process using such catalyst are also disclosed.

Process for modifying the pore volume distribution of alumina base catalyst supports

Abstract: Modification of the pore volume distribution of an alumina base catalyst support is accomplished by treating an alumina precursor of chi-rho-eta structure with an aqueous ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate solution under pressure at about 100°-160° C for 10-24 hours, followed by drying and thermal activation at a temperature of at least about 500° C. The resulting support will possess more than about 70% of its total pore volume in the 45-300 angstrom unit pore diameter range. This pore volume distribution renders it particularly suitable for use as a catalyst carrier for hydrodesulfurization purposes.

Hydrogenation process and catalyst

Abstract: The hydrogenation of olefin polymers and especially diene polymers can be carried out effectively in a fixed bed mode of operation, preferably with up-flow of polymer solution, using a heterogeneous catalyst containing an active hydrogenation metal in which the catalyst support has defined surface area and pore volume characteristics and the hydrogenation metal or metal compound is incorporated into the support by impregnation with a non-aqueous solution of the metal or metal compound.

Methanation catalyst and process for preparing the catalyst

Abstract: The invention concerns a methanation catalyst essentially consisting of nickel on a porous support containing alumina and zirconia in a weight ratio of from 1:20 to 1:005 This catalyst has good activity at low temperatures and good stability at high temperatures and allows to limit the temperature of the catalyst bed

Method for preparing hydrocarbon conversion catalyst

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst comprising a composite of a refractory support, or carrier, a Group VIII noble metal component, particularly platinum, a tin component, and a halogen component. Suitably, the catalyst composite can also contain a third metal component, or yet additional components. In the preparation of such catalyst, the tin is added from a solution of a soluble compound of tin comprised of an organo thionyl compound, or organic compound containing a thionyl group, whereby the tin component is uniformly dispersed from the surface into the inner part of a catalyst. Such catalyst is found useful in hydrocarbon conversion reactions, particularly reforming (hydroforming). A naphtha or straight run gasoline can be contacted with such catalyst at reforming conditions in the presence of hydrogen to improve the octane quality of a naphtha or gasoline.

Simplified regeneration procedure

Abstract: Supported iridium-containing hydrocarbon conversion catalysts which are at least partially deactivated due to the deposition of carbonaceous residues thereon during contact with hydrocarbons are regenerated by contacting the residue-containing catalyst, prior to contact with oxygen at elevated temperature, with a chlorine-containing reagent to increase the catalyst chlorine content to a level in the range of from about 0.7 to 2.0 wt. %, based on anhydrous, carbonaceous residue-free catalyst, and thereafter contacting the catalyst with a substantially sulfur-free gaseous mixture containing oxygen at a temperature varying from about 775° to 900° F. for a time sufficient to burn at least a portion of the carbonaceous residue from the catalyst while maintaining at least 0.7 wt. % chlorine on the catalyst during contact with said gaseous mixture.

Heterogeneous catalyst for the hydroformylation of olegins

Abstract: A novel, heterogeneous catalyst is useful in an improved process for the production of aldehydes and alcohols from olefinic hydrocarbons in the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The catalyst consists of a polyphenylene substrate to which are bonded diphenylphosphine ligands complexed with a metal carbonyl, such as cobalt carbonyl. The catalyst has excellent thermal stability, is essentially insoluble in the reactants or reaction products, and is active in the hydroformylation reaction at a temperature of about 195° C and a pressure of about 500 psig.

Hydrocarbon reforming catalyst and method for preparing same

Abstract: A catalyst composition consisting of elemental nickel, nickel oxide or mixtures thereof on a zirconia carrier and promoted with elemental cobalt, a cobalt oxide or mixtures thereof in which the total content of nickel and cobalt, expressed as oxide, is desirably at least 1 weight percent of the total weight of the composition and the weight ratio of nickel to cobalt in the catalyst is preferably between 1:10 and 6:1. This invention also concerns the method of reforming hydrocarbons in the presence of said catalyst to selectively produce hydrogen, hydrogen containing products, such as Town's gas, or an oxide of carbon or mixtures thereof, while avoiding substantial carbon accumulation on the catalyst at relatively low steam to carbon ratios.

Nickel-copper-molybdenum methanation catalyst

Abstract: A supported methanation catalyst and a process for utilizing the catalyst are disclosed. The catalyst yields a product containing a major proportion of methane and some ethane. Methanation of a gaseous feed stream containing from about 10 to about 50 mole percent carbon monoxide, and from about 1.0 to about 3.0 times as much hydrogen as carbon monoxide, is effected at elevated temperature and high pressure continuously over a prolonged period of time, while a conversion of carbon monoxide in excess of 80 mole percent is maintained. Thermal stability at elevated temperature and pressure permits essentially continuous use of the catalyst for extended periods of time without time-consuming shutdowns. High conversion of gaseous feed and thermal stability of catalyst permits economical process design which utilizes a minimal recycle, if any. The supported catalyst consists essentially of a complex of oxides of nickel, copper and molybdenum which complex is reduced on the support prior to or during use. The complex of oxides consists of from about 5 to about 20 percent by weight molybdenum oxide, and from about 5 to about 40 percent by weight nickel oxide, each amount based on total catalyst, present in a weight ratio of nickel oxide to copper oxide in the range from 1:1 to about 9:1, and preferably in the range from about 1 to about 3.

Methanation catalyst and process of use

Abstract: The methanation reaction, that is, the conversion of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to methane and a water byproduct is conducted at a temperature of 120° to 500°C and a pressure of 100 psig to 2000 psig in the presence of a catalyst consisting of nickel oxide and cobalt oxide in a nickel/cobalt ratio of 1 to 1.5 supported on a high purity alumina support consisting essentially of gamma alumina. The catalyst has a surface area of about 100 to 200 m 2 /g, an average pore diameter of 100 to 115A and a pore volume of 0.25 to 0.7 cc/g.

Tetravalent chromium alkoxide polymerization catalyst and method

Abstract: A catalyst for polymerizing one or more 1-olefins prepared by activating with a dry gas that contains oxygen a mixture of a finely divided support and a tetravalent alkoxide of chromium. The disclosure also includes the method of making the catalyst and methods of polymerizing olefins with the catalyst.

Catalyst support coating slurry and coatings

Abstract: A catalyst support coating slurry resistant to gel formation and adapted to form a tightly adherent thermally durable coating on a refractory ceramic or metallized ceramic substrate, consisting essentially of fumed alumina in the amount of from 5 to 70 weight percent of the solids and at least one of the active alumina forming materials, e.g., gamma system aluminas, consisting of the alumina hydrates boehmite and pseudoboehmite in the amount of 30 to 95 weight percent of the solids, said aluminas being suspended in sufficient deionized water to form a slurry having the desired application characteristics and constituting about 30-36% by weight of said slurry.

A Study of Catalysis by Uranium Oxide and Its Mixed Catalysts. IX. A Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide with Carbon Monoxide

Abstract: The reduction of NO with CO over the uranium oxide catalyst and its mixed catalysts with alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide has been investigated using conventional flow and pulse reactors at temperatures of 250 to 450 °C under atmospheric pressure. The activity of the uranium oxide catalyst without any additive was higher than that of the Fe2O3 catalyst, although it was inferior to that of the CuO–Cr2O3 catalyst. The addition of alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide to uranium oxide, particularly in the case of Cs2O or K2O, was effective in enhancing the catalyst activity. The W/F-conversion curves revealed that the reduction of NO to N2 proceeds consecutively, passing through N2O as a gas-phase intermediate. The reaction rates were formulated as r=kPCO1.0PNO0.4. The kinetic study suggested a redox reaction sequence. The oxidation states of the catalysts were discussed on the basis of X-ray diffractograms.