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Showing papers on "Catalyst support published in 1984"



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The relationship between the valence state of titanium in MgCl2-supported titanium catalysts and polymerization performances for ethylene and propylene was studied in this paper, where it was found that the catalysts showed increased activity for propylene polymerization in relation to the extent of oxidation.
Abstract: The relationships between the valence state of titanium in MgCl2-supported titanium catalysts and polymerization performances for ethylene and propylene were studied. When the titanium species of the supported titanium catalyst 1 was preliminarily reduced by treating it with AlEt3, the resulting catalyst system 2 had lost the activity for propylene polymerization completely. The catalyst activity for ethylene polymerization was found to be reduced to 20% of that of the original catalyst 1. In the AlEt3-pretreated catalyst 2 no Ti4+ is found and 80% of the total titanium is present as Ti2+. The catalyst system 2 plus AlEt3, however, does exhibit activity towards ethylene-propylene copolymerization, propylene insertion being possible if the end of the growing polymer chain is an ethylene unit. The titanium in the AlEt3-reduced catalyst 2 could be oxidized again by treatment with various agents. The oxidized catalysts 3, in conjunction with freshly added AlEt3 as cocatalyst, are active for propylene polymerization and show increased activity for ethylene polymerization in relation to the extent of oxidation.

136 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the nature of Co in calcined CoMo Al 2 O 3 catalysts and the changes that occur upon sulfiding by Mossbauer emission spectroscopy (MES).

116 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a 1 atm of flowing hydrogen and then examined by ESCA, it was shown that the Group VIII metal is present in a metallic state in the reduced catalyst and that the majority of the tin is in a valence state higher than Sn(0).

95 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of alloying an active transition metal with an inactive diluent is analyzed in terms of different ensemble requirements for parallel and consecutive reaction paths for bimetallic catalysts.

94 citations


Patent
20 Aug 1984
TL;DR: The transition metal component of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst is composed of a titanium halide deposited on an essentially anhydrous magnesium chloride support as mentioned in this paper, which is prepared by contacting a hydrocar solution of magnesium alkanoate and a hydrocarbon solution of alkylaluminum dichloride in a liquid hydrocarbon reaction medium containing alkalaluminum di-lithloride and alkalinamide alkanoate chloride.
Abstract: Disclosed is a transition metal component of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst which is composed of a titanium halide deposited on an essentially anhydrous magnesium chloride support. An improved support is prepared by contacting a hydrocarbon solution of magnesium alkanoate and a hydrocarbon solution of alkylaluminum dichloride in a liquid hydrocarbon reaction medium containing alkylaluminum dichloride and alkylaluminum alkanoate chloride. After workup and treatment with the titanium halide, the transition metal component is used in the Ziegler-Natta catalysis polymerization of 1-olefins. The resulting polyolefins have a narrow particle size distribution and a high bulk density.

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Kamil Klier1
TL;DR: The role of Group VIII metals as promoters of the Cu/ZnO catalysts for low alcohol and hydrocarbon synthesis is represented by the effects of small additions of iron.

66 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the range over which a catalyst support can be expected to influence the electron density of states of a metal particle and showed that the effect of the support on catalyst reactivity is vanishingly small.

65 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1984-Fuel
TL;DR: Co-Mo, Fe and Mo catalysts were prepared on alumina and carbon supports and the reactivity of sulphide catalysts for thiophene hydrodesulphurization and the propensity for coke deposition of nonsulphided catalysts during propylene cracking and anthracene carbonization were measured as mentioned in this paper.

64 citations


Patent
01 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a new catalyst composition comprising a platinum group component, a tin component, an indium component and an alkali or alkaline earth component and a porous support material was proposed for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons.
Abstract: A new catalyst composition comprising a platinum group component, a tin component, an indium component, an alkali or alkaline earth component and a porous support material wherein the atomic ratio of indium to platinum group component is more than 1.0 is disclosed. The catalyst is particularly useful for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons. In one embodiment of the invention, detergent range normal paraffins (C 10 -C 15 or higher) are dehydrogenated to the corresponding normal olefins in the presence of the subject catalyst and hydrogen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a Pd-Pb alloy supported on the CaCO 3 system was characterized, and the selectivity was attributed to the ordered structure of the pd-pb alloy.

Patent
05 Apr 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for disproportionation of olefins is described employing a novel catalyst comprising a silica support treated with an oxide or oxide precursor of tungsten and a Group I oxide or compound convertible to the oxide in admixture with a double bond isomerization catalyst.
Abstract: A process for disproportionation of olefins is disclosed employing a novel catalyst comprising a silica support treated with an oxide or oxide precursor of tungsten and a Group I oxide or compound convertible to the oxide in admixture with a double bond isomerization catalyst.

Patent
29 May 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a surface silicated alumina composition, as opposed to conventional silica alumina, is provided, such composition may also be fluorided and/or phosphated or phosphited.
Abstract: In one embodiment of this invention a surface silicated alumina composition, as opposed to conventional silica alumina, is provided. Such composition may also be fluorided and/or phosphated or phosphited. The resulting compositions are broadly useful but are of particular applicability as supports for chromium olefin polymerization catalysts. In another aspect alumina is fluorided and used with hexavalent chromium catalyst and a co-catalyst or in the alternative with an organochromium catalyst. If desired the support in this embodiment can also be phosphated or phosphited. In another embodiment, aluminum phosphate is formed in the pores of alumina. In contrast with alumina catalyst supports of the prior art, the supports of this invention allow for the production of olefin polymers at high rates of productivity. Also novel high density ultrahigh molecular weight polymers are produced.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the Ni SiAl catalysts have normal activities for the hydrogenation of benzene and for the CO H 2 reaction, but that their activity for hydrogenolysis of hexane is much lower than that of an equivalent silica-supported catalyst.

Patent
Hisao Yamashita1, Akira Kato1, Shigeo Uno1, Mamoru Mizumoto1, Matsuda Shinpei1 
02 Jul 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a high temperature stable catalyst comprising an alumina base support and a catalytically active component supported on the support, which can be converted to lanthanoide β-alumina when heated to an elevated temperature above 1000°C.
Abstract: The disclosure is concerned with a high temperature stable catalyst comprising an alumina base support and a catalytically active component supported on the support. The support is featured by its specific composite oxide having a specific surface area of at least 10 m2 /g and a structural form of amorphous state or a phase resemble to lanthanoide β-alumina. The composite oxide can be converted to lanthanoide β-alumina when heated to an elevated temperature above 1000° C. within 2 hours. The composite oxide is substantially free from such ingredients as accelerate grain growth of alumina. The ingredients are for example Cr, Sr or Ce. The present dislcosure is also concerned with a process for preparing the catalyst and a process for conducting chemical reactions such as steam reforming, desulfurization of heavy oil, cracking of hydrocarbons, etc. using the catalyst.

Patent
15 May 1984
TL;DR: A pollution control catalyst for a catalytic converter in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is facilely prepared by impregnating a catalyst support with precursor compounds of said cerium base metal, or of a combination of cerium and at least one other base metal.
Abstract: A pollution control catalyst for a catalytic converter in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, which catalyst comprises a support impregnated with (i) at least one platinum group precious metal, and with (ii) cerium base metal, or a combination of cerium and at least one other base metal, is facilely prepared by (1) impregnating a catalyst support with precursor compounds of said cerium base metal, or of said cerium base metal and of at least one other base metal, (2) activating said impregnated support, under a neutral or oxidizing atmosphere, at a temperature ranging from 120° to 800° C, (3) impregnating said catalyst support with precursor compounds of said at least one platinum group precious metal, together with a delayed-action organic reducing agent, inactive under cold conditions, which effects reduction of said platinum group precious metal precursor compounds, but not of any cerium or other base metal precursor compounds, under the conditions of the step (4) below, and (4) activating said impregnated catalyst, also under a neutral or oxidizing atmosphere, at a temperature ranging from 300° to 800° C

Patent
25 May 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a catalytic gasification for the production of methane from carbon and/or coal by means of catalytic gaseous gasification is described. But it does not specify a suitable substrate or carrier.
Abstract: Catalyst for the production of methane from carbon and/or coal by means of catalytic gasification. The catalyst compostion containing at least two alkali metal salts. A particulate carbonaceous substrate or carrier is used.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, two sulfided cobalt-molybdenum catalysts have been used to study the hydrodenitrogenation process of quinoline, and evidence for the direct participation of the catalyst support in the denitrogenization process was presented.

Patent
15 Aug 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a method for its preparation and a process for its use in the production of high octane gasoline and/or other valuable liquid hydrocarbon products from carbo-metallic oils contaminated with heavy metals and coke precursors are described.
Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst, a method for its preparation, and a process for its use in the production of high octane gasoline and/or other valuable liquid hydrocarbon products from carbo-metallic oils contaminated with heavy metals and coke precursors. The catalyst is prepared from a shapable composition containing reticulated carbon black particles which are subsequently removed by burning, as in a catalyst regenerator, to provide large feeder pores in a shaped catalyst structure. The catalyst and process conditions for its use facilitate conversion of the contaminated oils to lighter products at catalytic sites within the catalyst structure which may contain zeolitic materials.

Patent
Arthur W. Chester1, Chu Yung-Feng1
10 Jan 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a zeolite of improved stability for use in acid-catalyzed reactions is prepared by mildly presteaming the catalyst under controlled conditions of temperature, time, and steam partial pressure.
Abstract: A zeolite of improved stability for use in acid-catalyzed reactions is prepared by mildly presteaming the catalyst under controlled conditions of temperature, time, and steam partial pressure. The resulting catalyst retains nearly the same activity as that of a fresh unsteamed catalyst.

Patent
11 Dec 1984
TL;DR: An improved Fischer-Tropsch catalyst suitable for use in the production of hydrocarbons from the synthesis gas comprises an iron-containing Fischer-tropsch catalyzer, a zeolite and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, platinum, palladium, iridium, cobalt and molybdenum as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An improved catalyst suitable for use in the production of hydrocarbons from the synthesis gas comprises an iron-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, a zeolite and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, platinum, palladium, iridium, cobalt and molybdenum. This catalyst gives a high CO conversion and hydrocarbons enriched with C 5 + gasoline fraction.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1984-Fuel
TL;DR: In this paper, the results obtained in the hydrogenation of CO indicate that in the case of Fe catalysts the highest selectivity toward hydrocarbons was given by the catalyst supported on V3G, with large metal particle size.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Rhodium-triphenyl phosphine (or phosphite) catalysts have been shown to be more active than cobalt carbonyl-catalyzed reactions.
Abstract: When hydroformylation of unsaturated fatty materials is done with rhodium-triphenyl phosphine (or phosphite) catalysts, a number of advantages become apparent compared to cobalt carbonyl-catalyzed reactions. With rhodium, the reaction can be carried out (a) at pressures as low as 200 psi, (b) at each double bond location in a polyunsaturated fatty acid, and (c) in high yield and conversion. Solubilized catalyst can be recovered from distillation residue and readsorbed on spent catalyst support by thermal treatment in a rotary kiln. The reconstituted catalyst is more active than the original catalyst and can be recycled indefinitely at a relatively low cost. Recently developed supports for “homogeneous” catalysis may make catalyst recovery even more effective. Acetalation, oxidation with air to polycarboxylic acids and catalytic hydrogenation to hydroxymethyl compounds can be done easily and in high yield on mono-, di- and triformyl derivatives alike. Other reactions investigated for monoformyl fatty esters include reductive amination to form aminomethyl derivatives and Tollen’s condensation with formaldehyde to form geminal,bis-hydroxymethyl compounds. although the Northern Center has carried out some basic investigations on the hydroformylation reaction and on the chemistry of the hydroformylated products, there is a great deal more that can be done with regard to synthesis of new compounds and development of new applications.

Patent
Arthur W. Chester1, Chu Yung-Feng1
21 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a zeolite of improved stability for use in acid-catalyzed reactions is prepared by mildly presteaming the catalyst under controlled conditions of temperature, time, and steam partial pressure.
Abstract: A zeolite of improved stability for use in acid-catalyzed reactions is prepared by mildly presteaming the catalyst under controlled conditions of temperature, time, and steam partial pressure. The resulting catalyst retains nearly the same activity as that of a fresh unsteamed catalyst.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the nature of the active oxygen species and intermediates in the photo-oxidation of propene over vanadium oxide supported on silica has been investigated and a possible mechanism is proposed.
Abstract: The nature of the active oxygen species and intermediates in the photo-oxidation of propene over vanadium oxide supported on silica has been investigated and a possible mechanism is proposed. The phosphorescence spectra confirm that the active species is the photoexcited VO bond in the catalyst. Aldehydes produced by the oxidation of propene with 18O2 contained little 18O, showing that excited lattice oxygen is the species directly involved in attacking propene. A kinetic study of the photoadsorption of oxygen on a sample of the catalyst having preadsorbed propene showed that the first intermediate comprises one molecule of propene and one molecule of oxygen. The formation of a π-allyl intermediate is suggested from the results of the photo-oxidation of deuterated propene.

Patent
29 Oct 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a catalyst for the production of synthesis gas or hydrogen from aqueous methanol by dissociation or steam reforming, which is a metal component of one or more elements of the VIIIb group of the periodic table on a carrier material.
Abstract: A catalyst for the production of synthesis gas or hydrogen from aqueous methanol by dissociation or steam reforming. The catalyst contains: (A) a metal component of one or more elements of the VIIIb group of the periodic table on a carrier material on the basis: (B 1 ) of TiO 2 or CeO 2 , singly or in admixture with other heat-resistant metal oxides and/or binders or (B 2 ) of TiO 2 , which is introduced onto the surface of a preformed, heat-resistant carrier. Processes utilizing this catalyst allow for the dissociation of methanol for production of synthesis gas, or for the production of hydrogen through steam reforming. Thus, the concentration of hydrogen or of carbon monoxide may be controlled by monitoring the concentration of steam utilized in the inlet feed.

Patent
Lloyd A. Pine1
31 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a catalytic cracking process utilizing the catalyst is also provided, which comprises a crystalline zeolite, discrete particles of phosphorus-containing alumina dispersed in a non-zeolitic inorganic oxide matrix.
Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a crystalline zeolite, discrete particles of phosphorus-containing alumina dispersed in a non-zeolitic inorganic oxide matrix. A catalytic cracking process utilizing the catalyst is also provided.

Patent
Lloyd A. Pine1
13 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a catalytic cracking process utilizing the catalyst is also provided, which comprises a crystalline zeolite, discrete particles of phosphorus-containing alumina dispersed in a non-zeolitic inorganic oxide matrix.
Abstract: A catalyst is provided which comprises a crystalline zeolite, discrete particles of phosphorus-containing alumina dispersed in a non-zeolitic inorganic oxide matrix. A catalytic cracking process utilizing the catalyst is also provided.