Showing papers on "Cataract surgery published in 1981"

Poly-HEMA as a material for intraocular lens implantation: a preliminary report.

Abstract: A soft material (poly-HEMA) has been implanted into a number of rabbit eyes in order to evaluate its use in lens implantation following cataract surgery. No reaction to the implant was seen on light microscopy of the sectioned enucleated eyes.

A long-term follow-up study of cystoid macular edema in aphakic and pseudophakic eyes.

Abstract: Forty-four aphakic and 45 pseudophakic eyes with typical cystoid macular edema following cataract surgery were reevaluated one to four years following their initial fluorescein angiograms in an effort to compare the natural courses of the macular lesions in the two groups of eyes. Both aphakic and pseudophakic eyes in which the edema was associated with vitreous adhesions to the cataract wound experienced a lower rate of resolution than comparable cases without such adhesions. Macular edema cleared significantly more frequently in aphakic eyes than in pseudophakic cases. Pseudophakic eyes in which iris fixation had been employed had a particularly poor prognosis, which was significantly worse than the natural course observed in pseudophakic eyes associated with capsular fixation. The latter group of eyes cleared significantly less frequently than did the group of aphakic eyes without vitreous adhesions. The reasons that the natural course of cystoid macular edema in pseudophakic eyes is relatively poor are unknown, but chronic inflammation may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of this important complication.

Social and Economic Barriers to Cataract Surgery in Rural South India: A Preliminary Report:

Abstract: A follow-up study of cataract patients advised to have surgery was conducted in five villages near Madurai, South India. Interviews conducted with 82 individuals provided information on treatment u...

Device to be utilized in extracapsular cataract surgery

Abstract: Disposable irrigation and aspiration apparatus is disclosed for use during extracapsular extraction of a cataract from a person's eye. A separate handpiece is provided to allow the surgeon to apply only irrigation flow to the eye during the operation. The irrigation-aspiration and irrigation handpieces are connected by a valve to give the operating surgeon his choice of instruments without changing the rate of irrigation flow. The outer surfaces of both handpieces are obstruction free to give the surgeon a high degree of preciseness and maneuverability.

Advances in cataract surgery.

Abstract: Approximately 300,000 to 400,000 cataract extraction procedures are performed annually in the United States. Many times th is number is done throughout the world, and cataracts are considered to be the most common cause of decreased vision. After age 65, it is believed that almost half of the population has some degree of cataract formation due to normal aging. The purpose of this paper is to update your knowledqe in the treatment which has occurred in the last 15 to 20 years . When an ophthalmologist first tells a patient he is beginning to have a cataract, the immediate reaction is one of shock and fear of blindness. However, there have been many advances in the surgical operation, so that in most cases it is considered a very routine and successful procedure, and the patients can antic ipate greatly improved vision . Before going into the actual procedures that are performed, I think it best to review the gross anatomy of the eye (Figure 1). In an oversimplification, it is best to consider that the eye is a camera that takes the picture while the brain does the actual seeing. Every camera must have a lens in order to properly focus the picture. Inside your eye there is such a lens which is normally clear and transparent and th is focuses the image on the retina. Just as all cameras have a film with wh ich to record the picture, in the case of the eye this is done by the retina which then transmits the image by way of

Effect of Trans Pars plana Surgery on the Corneal Endothelium1

Abstract: Endothelial cell density and thickness of the cornea do not appear to be affected by long-standing diabetes mellitus. Standard intra- or extracapsular cataract surgery results in a statistically significant reduction of endothelial cell density, but not in a long-term change of corneal thickness. Endothelial cell loss after trans pars plana surgery averages 8.5%. Differences in endothelial cell loss between phakic eyes of diabetics and phakic and aphakic eyes of nondiabetics subjected to lens removal and/or vitrectomy are not statistically significant. Corneal thickness is increased to a statistically significant degree in all eyes after trans pars plana surgery. Although the cornea in diabetics requires more time to recover after trans pars plana surgery, we found no evidence that it suffers significantly more damage than the cornea in nondiabetics.

Hospitalization and cataract surgery.

Abstract: A population of 250 age-matched cataract patients was studied to determine if hospitalization was required for cataract extraction. The success of the procedure was not jeopardized if immediate ambulation was effected and postsurgical care carried out entirely on an ambulatory basis in a nonhospital environment. The cost containment potential of this approach cannot be readily achieved in the face of existing regulatory systems and insurance requirements.

Cataract surgery in the management of the late complications of lepromatous leprosy in South Korea.

Abstract: Clinical examination of 113 patients in South Korea with lepromatous leprosy and severe visual impairment showed that the main cause of visual loss was the combined effect of corneal and lens opacities associated with small nonreacting pupils and iris atrophy. Cataract surgery with broad iridectomy and inferior sphincterotomy offers these patients with chronic lepromatous complications the best chance of preserving vision. Eighty-one cataract operations were performed under local anaesthesia, and in 90% vision improved; in 60% this improvement was 2 Snellen's lines or more.

Current state of posterior chamber intraocular lenses after intracapsular and extracapsular cataract surgery.

Abstract: The current posterior chamber lenses available for use after intracapsular and extracapsular cataract extraction, including the iris-centred and supported lenses, are reviewed. The relative advantages of rigid and flexible loop posterior chamber lenses used after extracapsular extraction are compared and it is concluded that there is little difference in the immediate visual results. The flexible posterior chamber lens is more difficult to insert in a collapsed anterior chamber and small pupil; conversely, capsular-fixed posterior chamber lenses face the problem of anterior capsular fibrosis and optic decentration if inaccurately placed.

Factors modifying vitreous pressure in cataract surgery.

Abstract: A prospective study of 267 intracapsular cataract extractions was conducted to assesses what makes an eye soft and capable of safely receiving an intraocular lens implant. The study showed that the use of glycerol, given orally before the operation, plus retrobulbar anesthesia is the most effective way of reducing the vitreous pressure, that there is a direct relation between this reduction and age, and that there is no apparent correlation between the preoperative intraocular pressure and the vitreous pressure.

Intraocular lenses with intracapsular cataract extraction.

Abstract: Excellent results are obtainable with well-proved lenses. For those using intracapsular methods, I can give assurance that it is not necessary to change in order to use intraocular lenses safely. The prerequisites are an established safe technique for routine cataract surgery with good visual results. Proper wound closure should be demonstrated by an absence of cases of shallow or absent anterior chamber, of iris prolapse, or postoperative hyphaema. No intraocular lens of any kind should be used unless the quality of routine cataract surgery is high in these respects as well as in avoiding damage to the corneal endothelium. The choice of intraocular lens should be one which can be applied to the surgeon's well-established method and it should also be a well-established lens which has a safe long-term record.

[30 years of cataract operation (author's transl)].

Abstract: A survey is given of 26443 cataract operations at the University Eye Hospital of Graz in the years 1950-1980. Different phases are evident: 1. Extraction with a forceps. 2. A phase of expression. 3. Extraction by means of an erysiphake. 4. Extraction with a cryo-extractor. Enzymatic zonulolysis is of particular importance and performed with trypsin only. Almost all cataract operations are performed by enzymatic zonulolysis with trypsin. Details of the operation technique are pointed out. The connections between cataract surgery and increased intraocular pressure, vitreous body complications and retina and mentioned. Complications during and after operation and problems of anesthesia are discussed. Different special questions like cataract diabetes, cataract and myopia, cataracta complicata, cataracta congenita, cataracta traumatica and cataracta secundaria are pointed out. Our opinion is also given on combined operations like cataract and glaucoma, cataract and keratoplasty or binocular cataract operation. The correction of aphakia by means of intraocular lenses or refractive keratoplasty is discussed.

Immediate ambulation after planned extra-capsular cataract extraction and implant of intra-ocular lens.

Abstract: Day-case or outpatient cataract surgery has been reported many times over the past thirty years or so and the modern micro-surgical techniques were deemed safe enough to allow immediate ambulation and return to the home environment even with the additional step of implantation of an intra-ocular lens provided the lens were of the type designed for positive fixation. The trend also toward the planned extra-capsular method of cataract removal was thought to be a further safeguard to the patient, particularly the elderly age-group of patients for whom implants are strongly indicated and for whom also early ambulation and avoidance of general anaesthesia are important in reduction of morbidity. Consequently, a study began in November,1976,to follow those patients who had the indication and the desire to have their implant surgery on a Day-case basis and this presentation gives the results on 100 cases collected over the 31/2 year period. Local anaesthesia was used in all cases and planned extra-capsular surgery was performed with irrigating micro-instruments. Irido-capsular lenses of Binkhorst design were used mostly and the visual results, low complication rate and patient satisfaction appear equal to reports of similar series on In-patient cases.

[Eye diseases and ophthalmological care in a developing country (author's transl)].

Abstract: Five million blind people in India suffer from cataract, which is a curable condition Untreated cataract accounts for more than half of the cases of blindness in that country Twenty percent of all cases of blindness are caused by infections, while malnutrition accounts for 27% in children In India, ophthalmological care has been provided for many years now in eye-camps In cataract surgery, the expression method is customary Trachomas at all stages, infectious eye diseases, traumatic lesions, vitamin A deficiency and leprosy are also diagnosed and treated in large numbers of cases By way of an example the authors, assistants at the First Eye Clinic of Vienna University, describe an eye-camp in Andhra Pradesh where they worked Work of this kind can be recommended to others

Epithelial Cyst of Anterior Segment Following Cataract Surgery

Abstract: A 5 7-year-old male was evaluated 1 year after cataract extraction for a mass in the anterior segment of the eye. Ultrasonography, transillumination, and fluorescein angiography suggested that the les