Topic
Cellular compartment
About: Cellular compartment is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1082 publications have been published within this topic receiving 53794 citations. The topic is also known as: cell compartmentation.
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TL;DR: It was concluded that FOY-305 enters the acinar cell and due to an unspecific binding to acidic proteins interferes with the intracellular transport of individual enzyme proteins during their passage through the membrane-bound cellular compartments.
Abstract: The guanidino acid esters (FOY, FOY-305) represent a new class of potent proteinase inhibitors and are thought to have a beneficial effect on the course of acute pancreatitis. Because of their structure and low molecular size they might enter cells and interfere with cellular processes. To test this possibility in the case of the exocrine pancreas a series of in vivo and in vitro studies was carried out to analyse intracellular transport and discharge of pancreatic enzymes in the presence of FOY-305. The infusion of FOY-305 to conscious rats led to a transient inhibition of protein and enzyme discharge from the cannulated pancreas accompanied by lower serum enzyme levels and increased enzyme content in the pancreas. An identical inhibition of discharge of newly synthesized proteins was observed in vitro in the presence of 1 µM FOY-305. The analysis of the release of individual enzymes using separation on two-dimensional gels showed a pronounced inhibition of mainly the release of acidic proteins. FOY-305 not only interfered with discharge of serine proteinases (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, proelastase) but also with procarboxypeptidases and lipase. It was concluded that FOY-305 enters the acinar cell and due to an unspecific binding to acidic proteins interferes with the intracellular transport of individual enzyme proteins during their passage through the membrane-bound cellular compartments. This charge-dependent effect is independent of the inhibitory effect on enzymatic activity of serine proteinases.
21 citations
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13 Feb 1987
TL;DR: The Cell: An Introduction Cell Growth and Proliferation and Cellular Differentiation and Specialization Immunity and Cancer are reviewed.
Abstract: CELLS AND CELL GROWTH: The Cell: An Introduction Cell Growth and Proliferation MOLECULAR CONSTITUENTS OF CELLS: Cellular Chemistry The Cellular Macromolecules: Proteins The Cellular Macromolecules: Polysaccharides The Cellular Macromolecules: Lipids The Cellular Macromolecules: Nucleic Acids CELL METABOLISM: Enzymes Bioenergetics Cell Metabolism Metabolic Regulation TOOLS AND METHODS OF CELL BIOLOGY: Fractionation of Tissues and Cells The Isolation and Characterization of Cellular Macromolecules Radioactive Isotopes as Tracers in Cell Biology STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MAJOR CELL ORGANELLES: The Plasma Membrane and the Endoplasmic Reticulum The Mitochondrion The Chloroplast The Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes and Microbodies The Nucleus: Organization and Division The Nucleus and Molecular Genetics Ribosomes and the Synthesis of Proteins The Cytoplasmic Matrix SPECIAL CELL FUNCTIONS: Cellular Differentiation and Specialization Immunity and Cancer.
21 citations
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TL;DR: The role of 5-LO in the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation and its biological functions apart from leukotriene and SPM formation are summarized.
21 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that PRC1 depletion severely affects hair regeneration and, different from intestinal stem cells, derepression of its targets induces the ectopic activation of an epidermal-specific program, which supports a general role ofPRC1 in preserving stem cell identity that is shared between different compartments.
Abstract: Polycomb repressive complexes are evolutionarily conserved complexes that maintain transcriptional repression during development and differentiation to establish and preserve cell identity. We recently described the fundamental role of PRC1 in preserving intestinal stem cell identity through the inhibition of non–lineage-specific transcription factors. To further elucidate the role of PRC1 in adult stem cell maintenance, we now investigated its role in LGR5+ hair follicle stem cells during regeneration. We show that PRC1 depletion severely affects hair regeneration and, different from intestinal stem cells, derepression of its targets induces the ectopic activation of an epidermal-specific program. Our data support a general role of PRC1 in preserving stem cell identity that is shared between different compartments. However, the final outcome of the ectopic activation of non–lineage-specific transcription factors observed upon loss of PRC1 is largely context-dependent and likely related to the transcription factors repertoire and specific epigenetic landscape of different cellular compartments.
21 citations
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TL;DR: The results support the general applicability of SMA for the isolation of membrane proteins from different types of (sub)cellular membranes and some plasma membrane-localized proteins were more resistant against solubilization than others.
21 citations