Showing papers on "Cellular network published in 1996"

Principles of mobile communication

Abstract: Principles of Mobile Communication, Third Edition, is an authoritative treatment of the fundamentals of mobile communications. This book stresses the "fundamentals" of physical-layer wireless and mobile communications engineering that are important for the design of "any" wireless system. This book differs from others in the field by stressing mathematical modeling and analysis. It includes many detailed derivations from first principles, extensive literature references, and provides a level of depth that is necessary for graduate students wishing to pursue research on this topic. The book's focus will benefit students taking formal instruction and practicing engineers who are likely to already have familiarity with the standards and are seeking to increase their knowledge of this important subject. Major changes from the second edition: 1. Updated discussion of wireless standards (Chapter 1). 2. Updated treatment of land mobile radio propagation to include space-time correlation functions, mobile-to-mobile (or vehicle-to-vehicle) channels, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels, improved simulation models for land mobile radio channels, and 3G cellular simulation models. 3. Updated treatment of modulation techniques and power spectrum to include Nyquist pulse shaping and linearized Gaussian minimum shift keying (LGMSK). 4. Updated treatment of antenna diversity techniques to include optimum combining, non-coherent square-law combining, and classical beamforming. 5. Updated treatment of error control coding to include space-time block codes, the BCJR algorithm, bit interleaved coded modulation, and space-time trellis codes. 6. Updated treatment of spread spectrum to include code division multiple access (CDMA) multi-user detection techniques. 7. A completely new chapter on multi-carrier techniques to include the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) on intersymbol interference (ISI) channels, OFDM residual ISI cancellation, single-carrier frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). 8. Updated discussion of frequency planning to include OFDMA frequency planning. 9. Updated treatment of CDMA cellular systems to include hierarchical CDMA cellular architectures and capacity analysis. 10. Updated treatment of radio resource management to include CDMA soft handoff analysis. Includes numerous homework problems throughout.

Multi-user detection for DS-CDMA communications

Abstract: Direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) is a popular wireless technology. In DS-CDMA communications, all of the users' signals overlap in time and frequency and cause mutual interference. The conventional DS-CDMA detector follows a single-user detection strategy in which each user is detected separately without regard for the other users. A better strategy is multi-user detection, where information about multiple users is used to improve detection of each individual user. This article describes a number of important multiuser DS-CDMA detectors that have been proposed.

An overview of multi-carrier CDMA

Abstract: We review new multiple access schemes based on a combination of code division and multi-carrier (also known as OFDM: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) techniques, such as multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA), multicarrier DS-CDMA and multitone CDMA (MT-CDMA). We discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and present some computer simulation results on the down-link bit error rate (BER) performance in a frequency selective slow Rayleigh fading channel. Code division and OFDM based multiple access schemes have drawn a lot of attention in the field of wireless personal and multimedia communications because of the need to transmit at a high data rate in a mobile environment.

Wireless image transfer from a digital still video camera to a networked computer

Abstract: A portable image transfer system includes a digital still camera which captures images in digital form and stores the images in a camera memory, a cellular telephone transmitter, and a central processing unit (CPU). The CPU controls the camera memory to cause it to output data representing an image and the CPU controls the cellular telephone transmitter to cause a cellular telephone to transmit the data received from the camera memory. A receiving station is coupled to the cellular telephone transmitter by a cellular network to receive image data and store the images.

Cordless cellular system base station

Abstract: A mobile station (12) communicates with both a cellular network, by which it is assigned a mobile identification number, and to a cordless cellular base station (10) utilizing the same cellular frequency range and communications protocol. The cordless cellular base station is preferably connected to a public switched telephone network (15).

Cordless cellular system

Abstract: A mobile station communicates with both a cellular network, by which it is assigned a mobile identification number, and to a cordless cellular base station utilizing the same cellular frequency range and communications protocol. The cordless cellular base station is preferably connected to a public switched telephone network and is assigned a landline number. The cordless cellular base station acts as a conduit between the mobile station and the public switched telephone network. When the mobile station comes within range of a cordless cellular base station, it deregisters automatically from the cellular network and register with the cordless cellular base station. Once the mobile station is communicating with the cordless cellular base station, the cordless cellular base station communicates with the cellular network to instruct the cellular network to route all calls for mobile identification number to the cordless cellular base station's landline number. In addition, all calls placed on the mobile station are sent through the cordless cellular base station to the public switched telephone network. When the mobile station severs contact with the cordless cellular base station, the mobile station registers with the regional cellular base station of the regional cellular network. The cordless cellular base station then sends a network forwarding cancellation message to the cellular network to cancel the forwarding of calls for the mobile station's identification number. Once the mobile station is registered with the regional cell, calls to the mobile stations identification number are directly routed by the cellular network to the mobile station.

Preemptive roaming in a cellular local area wireless network

Abstract: A communications network comprising a cellular local area wireless network includes a plurality of access points connected to a housed computer and each other, and a plurality of mobile units each mobile unit being arranged for association with an access point. The mobile units are arranged to periodically scan for and identify the most eligible access point for association on the basis of the criteria of best quality signal strength and loading factor. In order to identify when mobile units are being removed from a predetermined area, access points having directional antennae are situated adjacent exit points to detect when mobile units are in a vicinity.

adaptive mobile multimedia networks

Abstract: The authors consider a networking environment in which the users are mobile, the topology changes, code division multiple access (CDMA) provides multiple wireless channels, the bandwidth of a given link is unpredictable and possibly very low, the error rates are extremely high and variable, major interference occurs when multiple transmissions take place over (possibly different) links on the same or different codes, real-time multimedia traffic must be supported as well as datagram traffic, there is no stable communication infrastructure, and there is no central control. They consider the problem of developing a design prototyping methodology, performance evaluation techniques, and networking algorithms to support a rapidly deployable radio network for such an environment. The network must be capable of providing guaranteed quality of service (QoS) to real-time multimedia traffic in a mobile, wireless, multihop radio network with no fixed infrastructure (e.g., no base stations). Another element of the environment with which they deal is that of multihop communications. They focus on two layers of key importance in multimedia wireless network design, namely compression algorithms and adaptivity in the voice/video applications layer, and network algorithms at the wireless subnet layer. Simulation tools are used to evaluate our design as well as to provide a path toward their implementation in software.

Smart antenna arrays for CDMA systems

Abstract: There are a diverse range of products and services currently on the market, but cellular or personal communications services (PCS) radio networks probably have the highest public profile. These services provide highly mobile, widely accessible two-way voice and data communications links. In general, the most complex and expensive part of the radio path for these systems is the base station. As a result, manufacturers have been designing networks that have high efficiency in terms of the bandwidth occupied and the number of users per base station. Base station antenna arrays are a promising method for providing large capacity increases in cellular mobile radio systems. This article considers channel-modeling issues, receiver structures, and algorithms, and looks at the potential capacity gains that can be achieved. It considers antenna arrays for the mobile-to-base-station or reverse link of a CDMA cellular system. It begins with an introduction to CDMA communications systems and also addresses the general topic of antenna array receivers.

Personal alarm device

Abstract: A self-contained personal alarm device capable of signaling its location to a remote site such as a security station. The personal alarm device includes a housing enclosing a controller, an antenna, a cellular transmitter and a cellular receiver. The controller is coupled to the transmitter and receiver, which are in turn coupled to the antenna. The controller controls the transmitter and the receiver to receive position location signals such as Global Positioning System signals (GPS), establish a cellular connection with a remote site, and transmit device location data to the remote site on the cellular connection, wherein the device location data indicates the location of the device. The cellular connection is established via a cellular telecommunication network that includes an array of cell base stations. The GPS signals are transmitted to the device over the cellular network by providing each cell base station with a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) receiver. Using the DGPS receivers, GPS signals are repeated over the cellular network.

Method and apparatus for adaptive transmission beam forming in a wireless communication system

Abstract: A method for forming an adaptive phased array transmission beam pattern at a base station without any knowledge of array geometry or mobile feedback is described. The approach is immune to the problems which plague methods which attempt to identify received angles of arrival from the mobile and map this information to an optimum transmit beam pattern. In addition, this approach does not suffer the capacity penalty and mobile handset complexity increase associated with mobile feedback. Estimates of the receive vector propagation channels are used to estimate transmit vector channel covariance matrices which form objectives and constraints in quadratic optimization problems leading to optimum beam former solutions for the single user case, and multiple user case. The new invention in capable of substantial frequency re-use capacity improvement in a multiple user cellular network.

Method and apparatus for transparently providing mobile network functionality

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transparently providing a remote node with mobile network functionality. One embodiment of the present invention includes a remote node contacting a service provider to establish a remote connection with a home network. In response, the service provider generated an authentication request, on behalf of the remote node to obtain access to the home network. The service provider then sends the authentication request to an authentication server residing at the home network. The service provider then establishes, on behalf of the remote node, a remote connection between the remote node and the home network to enable packets to be transferred between the remote node and the home network.

Adaptive method for channel assignment in a cellular communication system

Abstract: An adaptive method for channel assignment in a cellular multiple access wireless communication system that has a cell station (CS) and a number of subscriber stations augments existing channel assignment protocol and thus is downward compatible with existing time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), and spatial division multiple access (SDMA) system protocols. The method adaptively determines the power required for establishing an acceptable quality connection between a subscriber station and the cell station and provides an early warning trial signal for advising existing connections that a new connection is about to be established. The early warning, followed by a pause, provides a basis and a time interval for taking corrective interference action if the trial signal indicates that an unacceptable level of interference will result if the trial connection is established. The early warning signal and associated pause are useful for intracellular and intercellular interference management.

Methods and apparatus for connecting calls in a hierarchical cellular network

Abstract: An apparatus for cross-connecting an end-to-end connection between an origination mobile station and a destination mobile station in a network of cross-connect nodes, which includes a call control circuit. The call control circuit includes a first circuit portion for receiving call control information from the origination mobile station and the destination mobile station and a second circuit portion for determining, responsive to receiving the call control information from the origination mobile station and the destination mobile station, an optimum end-to-end connection for cross-connecting the end-to-end connection through the network of cross-connect nodes. The optimum end-to-end connection represents a computed shortest communication route between the origination mobile station and the destination mobile station that satisfies resource requirements for cross-connecting the end-to-end connection.

Performance analysis of soft handoff in CDMA cellular networks

Abstract: The code-division multiple-access (CDMA) scheme has been considered as one possible choice of the future standards for cellular networks because of its various advantages. Since there can be only one carrier frequency being used in CDMA systems, a handoff scheme with diversity, a so-called "soft handoff", was proposed for higher communication quality and capacity. A mathematical model is developed to analyze the soft handoff process. Markov's concept is applied to describe the system's steady state statistical behavior. System performance such as blocking probability, handoff refused probability, and channel efficiency are also determined. It is concluded that the larger the area the soft handoff region is, the better users in the cellular network will feel.

Access method mobile station and base station for CDMA mobile communication system

Abstract: In a CDMA mobile communication system, for realizing a multiple-access, a common reverse channel 10 is divided into an access channel 10A and a message channel 10B. When data (packet) to be transmitted occurs in any mobile station 1-4, mobile station having data to be transmitted transmits a transmission request signal including information, such as packet size or the like, by using the access channel 10A. In contrast, base station 30 transmits a transmission permission signal, which designates a transmission timing of data and a spreading code to be used as transmitting, on the basis of the state of utilization of message channel 10B and the state of occurrence of data. Mobile stations 1-4 transmits data in accordance with the spreading code and the transmission timing which are designated from base station 30.

Multicarrier CDMA with adaptive frequency hopping for mobile radio systems

Abstract: A modified multicarrier (MC) direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system has been proposed for use over slow multipath fading channels with frequency selectivity in the reverse link transmission of a cellular network. Instead of transmitting data substreams uniformly through subchannels, data substreams hop over subchannels with the hopping patterns adaptively adjusted to the channel fading characteristics. The problem of determining the optimal hopping pattern is formulated as a multiobjective optimization problem, for which an efficient algorithm, based on the water-filling (WF) principle, is designed to solve the problem practically. Simulation results show that the performance in terms of the average bit-error probability (BEP) (over all users) is better than that of single carrier RAKE receiver systems, conventional MC CDMA systems applying moderate error protection, or diversity systems with different combining techniques.

High-speed data transmission in a digital mobile communication system

Abstract: For data transmission in a digital mobile communication system, in a mobile communication system employing a so-called multi-channel access technique, one or more traffic channels may be allocated to a mobile station for data transfer, in accordance with the data transfer rate required by the application using the mobile station. Minimum and maximum requirements are determined for the data transfer rate of the user data. The mobile communication network dynamically adjusts the channel configuration assignment to the mobile station for the data call, so as to consist of one or more traffic channels, within the limits of the minimum and maximum requirements of the data transfer rate, depending on the changing allocation state of the resources of the mobile communication network.

Genetic algorithms and the location area partitioning problem in cellular networks

Abstract: As the subscriber population grows and the network capabilities are enhanced, mobility management and resource management become increasingly critical in (micro-) cellular networks. Moreover, coverage areas are increasingly enlarged, possibly requiring the adoption of partitions to facilitate management activities. Location areas constitute an important strategy of location management, used to reduce signaling traffic caused by location updating and paging messages in cellular networks. Due to the very large state spaces to be searched, the determination of optimal LA's represents a NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. In this paper, genetic algorithms are used in order to group cells in an efficient way, while preserving bandwidth. Elitism, linear normalization of chromosoma and edge-based crossover are used to speed up the convergence time, allowing near-optimal solutions to be obtained in an acceptable computation time.

Method of locating a mobile station in a mobile telephone system having indoor and outdoor base stations

Abstract: A mobile telephone system has in a cell a base station and sub-stations which are connected to a mobile switching center. The mobile telephone system has control channels and frequencies which are time divided to traffic channels. Some of the frequencies are selected as identification frequencies. Each of the sub-stations is assigned a unique set of frequencies from among the identification frequencies and constantly transmit their respective frequency set. A mobile station connected to the base station listens to the identification frequencies and reports the strongest of these frequencies to the mobile switching center. The mobile switching center compares the reported frequencies with the unique set of frequencies, compares the reported signal strength with a threshold value and selects the nearest sub-station for handoff. The mobile switching center switches from the base station to a connection with the sub-section. The mobile station continues to listen to the identification frequencies and reports the signal strength on its connection. When the strength of the signals from the selected sub-station is low, the connection is switched back to the base station.

Medium access control scheme for data transmission on code division multiple access (cdma) wireless systems

Abstract: A synchronous discontinuous transmission medium access control (SDTX-MAC) method and apparatus for more efficiently using existing uplink channels by sharing these uplink channels between multiple terminals engaged in bursty data transmission. This is accomplished by assigning each mobile terminal an individual time slot and by not requiring each mobile terminal to broadcast its identity. This results in a reduction in the number of receivers on each base station and a reduction in the length of the synchronization message.

Spectral efficiency and optimal base placement for indoor wireless networks

Abstract: In this paper, we address the problem of optimizing the spectral efficiency of cellular indoor wireless networks by adjusting the location and power of the base-stations. Focusing on the downlink, we derive general network access criteria for mobiles on the indoor floor for systems that employ omnidirectional antennas and adaptive antennas arrays at the base-stations, in order to show and explain the advantages of the use of spatial diversity. Multiple access capability measures that depend only on energy are defined for both schemes. They are then used as the cost function for the solution to the optimal base-station placement problem, for a single-frequency system. Both continuous and combinatorial approaches have been applied to the solution of the optimization problem, and near-optimal solutions have been obtained. We show that the use of adaptive arrays yields greater capacity when increased cell-area overlap is allowed. The optimization methods, channel prediction methods, and a graphic user interface are parts of an integrated software environment that we developed in support of our investigation and which is described.

Communication system including method and apparatus for maintaining communications with a mobile terminal

Abstract: A communications network having a number of routers, a number of base stations and a number of mobile units maintains communications with the mobile units by assigning a unique address known to the routing entities of the network to each mobile unit. By including the mobile units unique address in topology updates of the network, the location of the mobile unit at any time is made known to all routers of the network. That is, once a mobile unit moves into a domain of a new access point and establishes a new link with the new access point, it uses the topology update mechanism of the network to make its new location known to all routers. Once a router of the network receives topology update information specific to the mobile unit's new location, it updates its routing table such that packets destined to the mobile unit are routed in a path which terminates at the mobile unit and contains its new access point.

QoS provisioning in micro-cellular networks supporting multiple classes of traffic

Abstract: We introduce an adaptive call admission control mechanism for wireless/mobile networks supporting multiple classes of traffic, and discuss a number of resource sharing schemes which can be used to allocate wireless bandwidth to different classes of traffic. The adaptive call admission control reacts to changing new call arrival rates, and the resource sharing mechanism reacts to rapidly changing traffic conditions in every radio cell due to mobility of mobile users. In addition, we have provided an analytical methodology which shows that the combination of the call admission control and the resource sharing schemes guarantees a predefined quality-of-service to each class of traffic. One major advantage of our approach is that it can be performed in a distributed fashion removing any bottlenecks that might arise due to frequent invocation of network call control functions.

Method and apparatus for increasing the effective band width of a digital wireless network

Abstract: A plurality of devices communicate information over a wireless network at radio frequencies. The information includes digital audio, video and data. Bandwidth among the devices is dynamically allocated, the allocation being based upon the needs of the devices. One embodiment of the wireless network is a Time Division Multiple Access network. Another embodiment is a wireless Ethernet. Yet another embodiment is a Frequency Division Multiplexed network.

Hybrid cellular communication apparatus and method

Abstract: A method for facilitating cellular communication for and among a plurality of native cellular handsets in a hybrid cellular communication network that has a cellular exchange subsystem and a private mobile-services switching center. In this embodiment, the cellular exchange subsystem is coupled to a public cellular , and the native cellular handsets represent handsets that subscribe to the hybrid cellular communication network. The hybrid cellular communication network further facilitates cellular communication between a nonnative cellular handset and the public cellular network, with the nonnative cellular handset being a cellular handset that does not subscribe to the hybrid cellular communication network. In this embodiment, the method includes the steps of receiving access request data, using a cellular exchange subsystem, and ascertaining whether the access request data originates from one of the plurality of native cellular handsets or from the nonnative cellular handset. If the access request data originates from the one of the plurality of native cellular handsets, the method then passes data relating to the access request to the private mobile-services switching center for completing a first call path from the one of the plurality of native cellular handsets. On the other hand, if the access request data originates from the nonnative cellular handset, the method passes data relating to the access request data to the public cellular network for completing a second call path between the nonnative cellular handset and the public cellular network.

Method and apparatus for controlling a telephone with voice commands

Abstract: The invention includes a method and an apparatus for controlling a telephone, particularly a mobile telephone used in a cellular network. Advantageously the user interface of the telephone is voice-controlled, whereby dialling can be made without the use of hands e.g. when driving a car. In the method according to the invention, the task of a speech recognizer can be made easier using phone numbers in the phone's memory (102), ie. on the basis of a check command given by the user the phone selects the number to be recognized from among the numbers stored in its memory, whereby also an incorrect recognition can be automatically corrected.

Increasing the capacity of a cellular radio network

Abstract: A cellular radio network and a method for increasing traffic carrying capacity in a cellular network in which the operating frequency spectrum of the cellular network has been divided so that typically both regular frequencies and super-reuse frequencies are employed in each cell. The regular frequencies use a conventional frequency reuse pattern to provide seamless overall coverage (overlay). A very tight frequency reuse pattern is used for the super-reuse frequencies to provide additional capacity (underlay). The cellular network controls the division of traffic into regular and super-reuse frequencies by radio resource allocation at the call set-up phase and later on during the call by handover procedure. The cellular network continuously monitors the downlink co-channel interference of each super-reuse frequency in the cell separately for each ongoing call. The call is handed over from a regular frequency to a super-reuse frequency when the co-channel interference level on the super-reuse frequency is sufficiently low. When the co-channel interference level on the super-reuse frequency deteriorates, the call is handed over from the super-reuse frequency back to the regular frequency.

Multi-mode mobile terminal

Abstract: A mobile station (10) maintains a single, prioritized list of all available networks (i.e., all public, residential, and private networks). Access to the various networks is then based on the user's needs. A first type of access is an automatic access, that requires little or no user involvement. A second type of access is to a user-specified network. A third type of access is to a user-specified service (e.g., data, fax, e-mail, etc.) that is supported by at least one of the networks. The mobile station can search for additional networks, and can also search for additional networks that support only a specified type of service, or for a network that supports a service not supported by networks that are already in the list. All of the networks can be searched at once so that the user can readily make a selection from the single, prioritized network list. The network priorities are user programmable by moving network names up and down in the list using a mobile station user interface, such as the mobile station's keypad. The higher the network name is placed in the list, the higher is the priority of the network.

Internetwork mobility : the CDPD approach

Abstract: List of Figures. Preface. Acknowledgments. Preliminaries. Basic Data Communication Model. Variations on a Theme. The Communications Channel. Channel Characteristics. Communication Protocols. Connection-Oriented and Connectionless Protocols. The OSI Reference Model. Layer 1 - The Physical Layer-Layer 2 - The Data Link Layer-Layer 3 - The Network Layer-Layer 4 - The Transport Layer-Layer 5 - The Session Layer-Layer 6 - The Presentation Layer-Layer 7 - The Application Layer. Protocols, Primitives, Services. Protocol and Service Data Units. Mobile Data Communications Entities. Summary. 1. Introduction to Mobility. What is Mobility? Basic Approaches to Mobility. Approach 1: Application Awareness-Approach 2: Directory Lookup-Approach 3: Mailbox Service-Approach 4: Administrative Redirection. Aspects of Mobile Communications. Mobile Network Access-Mobility Management. The Essential Challenge of Mobility Management. Knowing Where the Mobile is-Routing Data to the Mobile. Mobility Management is a Network Layer Function. Network Layer Addresses-Network Topology Changes-Routing Table Updates. Mobility Management Schemes. Permanent Address Scheme (PAS)-Temporary Address Scheme (TAS)-Embedded Network Scheme (ENS). Steps in the Mobility Management Process. Registration-Usage-De-registration. A Simple Taxonomy of Mobility. Type 0 Mobility: Stationarity-Type 1 Mobility: Location Independence-Type 2 Mobility: Transience. Range of Mobility. Channel-Cell-Mobility Area-Administrative Domain. Mobility is not Wirelessness. Wireless Considerations. Challenges of Mobility. Geography vs. Network Topology-Part-time Destinations- Moving Targets-Application Transparency-Name-to-Address Mapping-Security-Scale. Summary. 2. Introduction to Cellular Systems. The Ubiquity of Cellular. Radio Channels. The Cellular Concept. Cell Handoff. Cellular Channel Quality. Power Control. Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). AMPS Channels-Roaming-AMPS Cellular Operation-AMPS Mobile Call Origination-AMPS Mobile Call Termination-AMPS Radio Resource Management (RRM)-AMPS Mobility Management. Data Transmission via AMPS. Digital Cellular Technologies. Europe: GSM and DCS 1800. Japan: PDC. North American Digital Standards. TDMA (IS-54/136). CDMA (IS-95,99). PCS: Back to the Future? PCS Licensing-PCS Standards-PCS Challenges. Summary. 3. Overview of CDPD. CDPD Background. CDPD Prototypes-"CDPD Lite" -CDPD Forum-CDPD Service Providers. Relationship of CDPD to other Cellular Data Initiatives. CDPD Services and Characteristics. CDPD Network Services-CDPD Network Support Services-CDPD Network Application Services. CDPD Design Goals and Considerations. Location Independence-Application Transparency- Multiprotocol Support-Interoperability-Minimal Invention- Optimal Usage of RF-Evolutionary Design-Open-Secure- Simple-Transparent to the Existing Cellular Voice Network. The CDPD Architectural Approach. The Three Key CDPD Interfaces. The A-Interface-The E-Interface-The I-Interface. CDPD Network Elements. The Mobile End System (M-ES)-The Mobile Data Base Station (MDBS)-The Mobile Data Intermediate System (MD-IS)-The Intermediate System (IS)-The Fixed End System (F-ES). CDPD Mobility Management. CDPD Radio Resource Management. CDPD Security. CDPD Accounting. Summary. 4. Mobility Management in Wide-Area Networks. The CDPD Mobility Vision. The CDPD Mobility Approach. CDPD Mobility Management Scope. CDPD Mobility Management Functions. CDPD Routing Architecture. CDPD Protocol Architecture. CDPD Support Protocol Architecture. CDPD Mobility Management Operation. Mobile Identification to Network - End System Hello (ESH)- Mobile Redirection Request (RDR)-Confirmation of service -Redirect Confirm (RDC)-Confirmation to M-ES - Intermediate System Confirm (ISC). CDPD Mobile Data Routing. Home MD-IS-Serving MD-IS. Intra-Area Mobility. Inter-area Mobility. Other Administrative Operations. Redirect Flush-Redirect Query and End System Query. Support Data Structures. Home Domain Directory-Registration Directory-Location Directory. Multicast Group Management. CDPD Multicast Service Definition-Multicast Registration- Multicast Authentication-Multicast Data Redirection-Multicast Data Forwarding-Multicast Service Characteristics. Broadcast Addresses. Selection Rationale. CLNP-Triangle routing. Summary. 5. Accessing the Mobile Network. The A-Interface. The Airlink Physical Layer. Shared Channel Environment. Approach 1: Token Passing-Approach 2: Demand Assigned with Reservation-Approach 3: Slotted Aloha-Approach 4: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD). The Airlink MAC Sublayer. Reed-Solomon Blocks-Busy/Idle Indicator-Decode Status Flag. M-ES State Machine. Airlink MAC Parameters. Min_Idle_Time-Min_count and Max_count-Max_blocks Parameter. Half Duplex Mobiles. The Airlink Data Link Protocol. Selective Reject-Removal of CRC-Addition of ZAP-Sleep Mode. SNDCF: Protocol Convergence. Segmentation and Reassembly-Multiplexing-Header Compression-V.42bis Data Compression-Data Encryption. How Data Moves Through Layers. Radio Resource Management. Model of Operation. Channel Hopping. Circuit-Switched Cellular Digital Packet Data. Circuit Switch CDPD Control Protocol. Summary. 6. Mobile Data Network Security. Introduction. Security Policy. Security Threats. Security Services and Mechanisms. Encipherment and Data Confidentiality-Digital Signatures- Authentication-Traffic Flow Confidentiality-Data Integrity-Key Management-Access Control-Network Layer Security Considerations. CDPD Security. CDPD Security Design Goals and Tradeoffs-CDPD Authentication-CDPD Confidentiality-CDPD Privacy. CDPD Security Design Rationale. CDPD Security Objectives-One-Way vs. Two-Way Authentication-The TunnelA A*s Data Confidentiality and Authentication-Considerations for Use of PKCS-Consideration of Other Approaches-End-to-End Security Services. 7. Mobile Network Support Services. Support Services Overview. CDPD Support Services. Network Management. Overview of System Management Framework-Systems Management Functional Areas-Relationship of Management Specifications to Functional Areas-CDPD Network Management. Usage Accounting. CDPD Usage Accounting-The CDPD Accounting Model- Accounting Meter-Serving Accounting Distributor (SAD)-Home Accounting Distributor (HAD)-Home Accounting Collector (HAC)- Consolidation Accounting Collector (CAC). Message Handling Service. Overview of Message Handling Services-Message Structure- Message Transfer Agent (MTA)-User Agent (UA)-Message Store (MS). Directory Services. The Directory-The Directory Model-The CDPD Directory Service. Summary. 8. Mobile Applications. Categories of Mobile Applications. Push or Pull: Mobile Application Information Access-Vertical or Horizontal Nature of Mobile Applications. Vertical Applications. Field Service-Mobile Professional-Transportation- Point-of-Sale (POS)-Telemetry-Government. Horizontal Applications. Messaging and email-Limited Size Messaging. Applications-Enabling Protocols. Limited Size Remote Operation Service (LSROS)-Status Notification Service-Subscriber Area Location Service. 9. Non-Cellular Approaches to Mobile Data Networking. Background. Wireless LANs and Metropolitan Networks. Infrared Systems-Narrowband RF Systems-Spread Spectrum Systems-Metricom Ricochet. Paging Systems. One-Way Paging Systems-Two-Way Paging Systems. Private Wireless Packet Data Systems. Public Wireless Packet Data Services. Advanced Radio Data Integrated System (Ardis)-RAM Mobile Data (Mobitex)-RadioMail. Satellite-Based Systems. Summary. 10. Future Directions in Mobility. Mobility under IPv4. The Mobile IP Standards Process-Overview of Draft Version 16 of the IETF IP Mobility Support-Implementations Based on Mobile IP Drafts. Mobility under IPv6. The IPv6 Standards Process-Overview of Mobility Support in IPv6. Comparison of Mobile IP and CDPD. Objectives, Goals and Assumptions-Technical Architecture and Design-Model and Terminology-Operational Assumptions- Standardization Process-Potential. Bibliography. Glossary. Index.