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Showing papers on "Ceramic matrix composite published in 2020"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review article highlights the recent progress in the polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) field with the focus on the fate and role of the in situ formed carbon, and potential advanced structural and functional applications of the PDCs related to the carbon are evaluated.

203 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A powder-metallurgy based strategy to construct a three-dimensional continuous graphene network architecture in a copper matrix through thermal-stress-induced welding between graphene-like nanosheets grown on the surface of copper powders is reported.
Abstract: Three-dimensional graphene network is a promising structure for improving both the mechanical properties and functional capabilities of reinforced polymer and ceramic matrix composites. However, direct application in a metal matrix remains difficult due to the reason that wetting is usually unfavorable in the carbon/metal system. Here we report a powder-metallurgy based strategy to construct a three-dimensional continuous graphene network architecture in a copper matrix through thermal-stress-induced welding between graphene-like nanosheets grown on the surface of copper powders. The interpenetrating structural feature of the as-obtained composites not only promotes the interfacial shear stress to a high level and thus results in significantly enhanced load transfer strengthening and crack-bridging toughening simultaneously, but also constructs additional three-dimensional hyperchannels for electrical and thermal conductivity. Our approach offers a general way for manufacturing metal matrix composites with high overall performance. Graphene networks have been used to reinforce polymer and ceramic composites, but connecting graphene into a three dimensional network in a metal matrix is challenging. Here the authors use a powder-metallurgy-based strategy to construct a three-dimensional graphene network reinforced copper matrix composite.

132 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a quadruplet ZrB2-SiC-ZrC-Cf ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMC) with a constant 4:1 volume ratio was selected as the baseline.

79 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel cuspidine-structured rare-earth aluminate solid solution (Nd0.2Sm 0.2Eu 0.4Al2O9) was designed and successfully synthesized inspired by entropy stabilization effect of high-entropy ceramics (HECs).
Abstract: The critical requirements for the environmental barrier coating (EBC) materials of silicon-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) include good tolerance to harsh environments, thermal expansion matches with the interlayer mullite, good high-temperature phase stability, and low thermal conductivity. Cuspidine-structured rare-earth aluminates RE4Al2O9 have been considered as candidates of EBCs for their superior mechanical and thermal properties, but the phase transition at high temperatures is a notable drawback of these materials. To suppress the phase transition and improve the phase stability, a novel cuspidine-structured rare-earth aluminate solid solution (Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Y0.2Yb0.2)4Al2O9 was designed and successfully synthesized inspired by entropy stabilization effect of high-entropy ceramics (HECs). The as-synthesized HE (Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Y0.2Yb0.2)4Al2O9 exhibits a close thermal expansion coefficient (6.96×10-6 K-1 at 300–1473 K) to that of mullite, good phase stability from 300 to 1473 K, and low thermal conductivity (1.50 W·m–1·K–1 at room temperature). In addition, strong anisotropic thermal expansion has been observed compared to Y4Al2O9 and Yb4Al2O9. The mechanism for low thermal conductivity is attributed to the lattice distortion and mass difference of the constituent atoms, and the anisotropic thermal expansion is due to the anisotropic chemical bonding enhanced by the large size rare-earth cations.

74 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel high-entropy rare-earth aluminate ceramic (Y 0.2Nd0.2Sm 0.6 /oC measured from room temperature to 1200 °C) was designed and synthesized.

65 citations




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a composite layer of silicon and hafnium oxide (Si-HfO2) is proposed to provide a well-bonded interface between silicon and the substrate, similar to the pure metallic silicon bond coat, but with a higher temperature capability owing to the addition of HfO 2.
Abstract: Current state of the art (SOA) environmental barrier coating (EBCs) systems necessary for SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) rely upon a metallic silicon bond coat. While this layer provides durability and adhesion, the upper use temperature of these systems is limited by the melting point of silicon (1414 °C). Turbine engine temperatures already exceed this melting point and in order to reduce or eliminate cooling for advanced components, new bond coat materials are required for EBC systems. One potential EBC bond coat that has been proposed is a composite layer of silicon and hafnium oxide (Si-HfO2). This coating concept intends to provide a well-bonded interface between silicon and the substrate, similar to the ‘pure’ metallic silicon bond coat, but with a higher temperature capability owed to the addition of HfO2. Two-layer systems of Si-HfO2 bond coat and a Yb2Si2O7 EBC top coat were deposited using Plasma Spray- Physical Vapor Deposition (PS-PVD), which is a hybrid coating method technique capable of vapor or liquid deposition. Coatings were deposited on bulk α-SiC and tested for oxidation performance in both laboratory air and in 90%/10% H2O/O2. A thermally grown oxide (TGO) of SiO2 was formed at the substrate/bond coat interface and the growth of this layer was measured and compared to literature values to determine TGO growth rates.

59 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work proposes a previously unreported avenue to embed ordered 2D graphene array into ceramic matrix, where the catastrophic fracture failure mode of brittle ceramics was transformed into stable crack propagation behavior with 250 to 500% improvement in the mechanical toughness.
Abstract: Dispersing two-dimensional (2D) graphene sheets in 3D material matrix becomes a promising route to access the exceptional mechanical and electrical properties of individual graphene sheets in bulk quantities for macroscopic applications. However, this is highly restricted by the uncontrolled distribution and orientation of the graphene sheets in 3D structures as well as the weak graphene-matrix bonding and poor load transfer. Here, we propose a previously unreported avenue to embed ordered 2D graphene array into ceramics matrix, where the catastrophic fracture failure mode of brittle ceramics was transformed into stable crack propagation behavior with 250 to 500% improvement in the mechanical toughness. An unprecedentedly low dry sliding friction coefficient of 0.06 in bulk ceramics was obtained mainly due to the inhibition of the microcrack propagation by the ordered 2D graphene array. These unique and low-cost 2D graphene array/ceramic composites may find applications in severe environments with superior structural and functional properties.

55 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a Si-BC doped with the refractory metal oxide HfO2 is introduced, and two different compositions have been deposited on monolithic SiC by magnetron sputtering.

53 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, scratch tests in a circular trajectory have been carried out with single abrasive grain with different geometries and sizes, and arrays of overlapped grains to determine the influence of shape, size and spacing on the surface integrity of SiC/SiC CMCs after grinding.
Abstract: SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) have been identified as a key material system for improving aero engine performance as they offer low density, high strength and stiffness, and superior environmental resistance at high temperatures. Nevertheless, due to their heterogeneous, hard and brittle nature, these materials are considered among the most difficult-to-machine, and grinding arises as one of the preferred choices for their processing. Therefore, understanding of the material removal mechanism and influence of the abrasive grit geometry when grinding CMCs is a critical enabler for achieving high component quality at highest efficiency and minimum cost. With the aim to reduce the uncertainties associated with the stochastic nature of the abrasive particles, grits of different shapes and sizes have been accurately created by Pulse Laser Ablation (PLA). In order to reproduce the grinding process kinematics, scratch tests in a circular trajectory have been carried out with single abrasive grain with different geometries and sizes, and arrays of overlapped grains to determine the influence of shape, size and spacing on the surface integrity of SiC/SiC CMCs after grinding. The morphology of the various constituents of the workpiece has been assessed regarding the direction of the scratch with respect to the orientation of the fibres. Results reflect a higher influence on the process forces by the grain shape rather than fibre orientation. Moreover, after the inspection of the abraded individual CMC constituents, a change in the mechanisms governing the process for the different abrasive grain geometries have been identified, despite the brittle material removal mode displayed by all of them. Explanation of the ground surface morphology in an analytical and comprehensive manner through a contact mechanics approach shows that the crack onset location is governed by the grains shape but its direction of propagation depends on the fibre orientation.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of dry, flood, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and carbon nanofluid MQL conditions on grinding performance were studied and a method for effectively dispersing carbon nanoparticles was proposed.

Journal ArticleDOI
Yi Zeng1, Dini Wang1, Xiang Xiong1, Sen Gao1, Zhaoke Chen1, Wei Sun1, Wang Yalei1 
TL;DR: In this paper, a ternary ceramic of SiC-ZrC-TiC via reactive melt infiltration was used to improve the ablation resistance under the ultra-high temperature.
Abstract: To improve the ablation resistance under the ultra-high temperature, the matrix of the carbon/carbon (C/C) composite was modified with a ternary ceramic of SiC–ZrC–TiC via reactive melt infiltration. The obtained ceramic matrix was composed of Zr-rich and Ti-rich solid solution phases of Zr1−xTixC and SiC. This composite exhibited an excellent ablation property at 2500 °C with low mass and linear ablation rates of 0.008 mg s−1 cm−2 and 0.000 μm s−1, respectively. The ablation mechanism was revealed with various microstructure characterizations and compared with those of C/C–SiC and C/C–TiC composites. Results showed that the degradations of these composites were primarily caused by the loss of the protective oxide scale via volatilization under the ultra-high temperature and flushing by high-speed airflow. The high ablation resistance of the C/C–SiC–ZrC–TiC composite was attributed to the protection of a multiphase oxide scale with high viscosity and low volatility.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental campaign has been carried out to characterize a new class of Ultra-High-Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites for near-zero ablation thermal protection systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a single-source precursor for SiC-TaC-C nanocomposites was successfully synthesized by the chemical reaction between a polycarbosilane (allylhydridopoly carbohydrate-silane, AHPCS) and tantalum(V) chloride (TaCl5), which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) measurement.
Abstract: A novel single-source-precursor for SiC-TaC-C nanocomposites was successfully synthesized by the chemical reaction between a polycarbosilane (allylhydridopolycarbosilane, AHPCS) and tantalum(V) chloride (TaCl5), which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) measurement. After pyrolysis of the resultant single-source-precursors at 900 °C, amorphous ceramic powders were obtained. The 900 °C ceramics were annealed at different temperatures in the range of 1200–1600 °C to gain SiC-TaC-C nanocomposites. The phase evolution of ceramic nanocomposites was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the TaC starts to crystallize at lower temperature than the β-SiC. It is particularly worth pointing out that the unique core-shell structured TaC@C nanoparticles were in-situ formed and homogeneously distributed in the ceramic matrix after annealing at 1400 °C. Even at a high temperature of 1600 °C, the grain sizes of β-SiC and TaC are smaller than 30 nm, fulfilling the definition of nanocomposites. The present study related to SiC-TaC-C nanocomposites paves a new road for enriching ultra-high temperature ceramic family suitable for structural/functional applications in harsh environment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the current status of the research and development of graphene-reinforced ceramic matrix composite (CMC) materials is reviewed, with a comprehensive comparison in different ceramic matrices as oxide and non-oxide composites.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the development state of nanocarbon-toughened ceramic matrix composites is reviewed based on the preparation methods and basic properties of the matrix composite.
Abstract: Abstract Nanocarbon materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, etc.) are considered the ideal toughening phase of ceramic matrix composites because of their unique structures and excellent properties. The strengthening and toughening effect of nanocarbon is attributed to several factors, such as their dispersibility in the matrix, interfacial bonding state with the matrix, and structural alteration. In this paper, the development state of nanocarbon-toughened ceramic matrix composites is reviewed based on the preparation methods and basic properties of nanocarbon-reinforced ceramic matrix composites. The assessment is implemented in terms of the influence of the interface bonding condition on the basic properties of ceramic matrix composites and the methods used to improve the interface bonding. Furthermore, the strengthening and toughening mechanisms of nanocarbon-toughened ceramic matrix composites are considered. Moreover, the key problems and perspectives of research work relating to nanocarbon-toughened ceramic matrix composites are highlighted.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of Al2O3 crystal types and sintering temperature on microstructure and development of mullite, and performance of ceramic floor tiles were investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, 0.3% graphene platelets were doped during the fabrication of WC-Al2O3 ceramic composite in order to achieve advanced mechanical and tribological properties, and the results showed that the platelets homogeneously distributed in the ceramic matrix.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a model system of silicon particles in a highly porous HfO2 particle matrix is used to investigate the rate and mechanism by which s-cristobalite SiO2 is dynamically converted to hafnium orthosilicate (HfSiO4; Hafnon) when oxidizing silicon is in contact with m-HfO 2.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Spark plasma sintering (SPS) process to fabricate the samples at 1800°C for 5min under 30MPa punch pressure and vacuumed atmosphere.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of ZrO2 content changes and different preparation methods of the composite powder on the formation of the "intragranular" structure and mechanical properties of composite ceramics was investigated.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a remarkable ductile behavior has been observed on newly developed 11.5mol.% ceria-stabilized zirconia (11Ce-TZP) composite containing fine alumina (8.5vol.% Al2O3) and elongated strontium hexa-aluminate (8 vol.% SrAl12O19) grains.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, functionally gradient materials (FGM) with composition variation from a copper alloy to a soda-lime glass were manufactured using a proprietary nozzle-based multi-material selective laser melting (MMSLM) system.
Abstract: Existing commercial three-dimensional (3D) printing systems based on powder bed fusion approach can normally only print a single material in each component. In this paper, functionally gradient materials (FGM) with composition variation from a copper alloy to a soda-lime glass were manufactured using a proprietary nozzle-based multi-material selective laser melting (MMSLM) system. An in situ powder mixing system was designed to mix both metal and glass powders at selective ratios and the mixed powders were dispensed with an ultrasonic vibration powder feeding system with multiple nozzles. From the cross section analysis of the gradient structures, glass proportion increased gradually from the metallic matrix composite (MMC), transition phase to ceramic matrix composite (CMC). The pure copper alloy joined the MMC part and the pure glass phase penetrated into the CMC part during laser processing, which anchored the glass phase, as the main mechanism of combining pure metal and pure glass by FGM in 3D printed parts. From results of indentation, tensile and shear tests on the gradient material samples, it showed that mechanical properties of the FGM gradually changed from ductility (metal side) to brittle (glass side). The weakest part of the FGM structure occurred at the interface between transition phase and the CMC, which was also the interface between the ductile and brittle phases.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel stochastic model of cutting forces in milling process of ceramic matrix composites is presented, where a probabilistic approach based on the particle filter is used to predict the random tool wear progression, linking online measurement data with the state of tool wear.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a triple-layer Si/mullite/Yb2SiO5 environmental barrier coating (EBC) was prepared on the SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD).
Abstract: Tri-layer Si/mullite/Yb2SiO5 environmental barrier coating (EBC) was prepared on the SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC) by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD). The EBC samples were carried out with water vapor corrosion at 1300 °C for 200 h. After steam corrosion, Yb2SiO5 layer forms a gradient porous structure. This is mainly due to the inclusion of SiO2-rich layer which is precipitated from the gasification inside the coating and existing a small amount of Yb2O3 separately. During the corrosion process, water vapor infiltrates into the coating and reacts with the SiO2 and Yb2O3 to generate volatile substances. This forms a porous structure to make the coating brittle, resulting in mud cracks finally. In addition, the results show that the Yb2SiO5 can react with the water vapor at the coating surface, forming an Yb2Si2O7 top layer.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of femtosecond (fs) laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on tribological properties was investigated for metal-reinforced ceramic composites (Al2O3-ZrO2-Nb).

Posted ContentDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the residual stress of SiC fiber reinforced SiC matrix (SiCf/SiC) composites was investigated using high-temperature Raman spectrometer.
Abstract: Residual stress originated from thermal expansion mismatch determines the mechanical properties of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Here, continuous SiC fiber reinforced SiC matrix (SiCf/SiC) composites were fabricated by nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase (NITE) method, and the residual stress of the composites was investigated using high-temperature Raman spectrometer. With temperature increasing from room temperature to 1400 °C, the residual stresses of the matrix and the fiber decrease from 1.29 to 0.62 GPa and from 0.84 to 0.55 GPa in compression respectively, while that of the interphase decreases from 0.16 to 0.10 GPa in tension. The variation of residual stress shows little effect on the tensile strength of the composites, while causes a slight decrease in the tensile strain. The suppression of fiber/matrix debonding and fiber pulling-out caused by the residual stress reduction in the interphase is responsible for the decreasing tensile strain. This work can open up new alternatives for residual stress analysis in CMCs.