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Showing papers on "Channel (digital image) published in 2001"


Patent
Masao Imai1
30 Aug 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a method of displaying a color video picture according to a field sequential process is presented, where a display device displays an image comprising a matrix of pixels and information representing the colors R, G, B, W separated from a video signal is displayed sequentially in successive fields at positions corresponding to the colors of the illuminating lights applied to the pixels.
Abstract: A method of displaying a color video picture according to a field sequential process is provided. A display device displays an image comprising a matrix of pixels. One frame image is composed of four field images ranging from a first field image to a fourth field image. With four adjacent pixels handled as one unit, the colors R, G, B, W of illuminating lights applied to the pixels in each unit are different from each other, and the arrangement of the colors is successively switched or changed in each field period. Information representing the colors R, G, B, W separated from a video signal is displayed sequentially in successive fields at positions corresponding to the colors of the illuminating lights applied to the pixels and times at which the illuminating lights are applied to the pixels.

71 citations


Patent
19 Jun 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a color display utilizing combinations of four colors, wherein full-color images are obtained by controlling gray-scale contrast of a plurality of pixels each having four colors.
Abstract: The present invention proposes a color display utilizing combinations of four colors, wherein full-color images are obtained by controlling gray-scale contrast of a plurality of pixels each having four colors. The four colors are two primary colors and two contrastive colors complementary to them, e.g., the red and its complementary color—cyan and the green and its complementary color—magenta. The present invention can enhance the color fullness and the delicacy of images without increasing the cost and changing the design of structure.

61 citations


Patent
23 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this article, several improved methods of correcting for atmospheric effects on a remote image of the Earth's surface taken from above have been proposed, where the image comprises a number of simultaneously acquired images of the same scene, each including a large number of pixels, each at a different wavelength band and including infrared through ultraviolet wavelengths.
Abstract: This invention discloses several improved methods of correcting for atmospheric effects on a remote image of the Earth's surface taken from above, wherein the image comprises a number of simultaneously acquired images of the same scene, each including a large number of pixels, each at a different wavelength band, and including infrared through ultraviolet wavelengths. One method is for retrieving the aerosol/haze amount (i.e., visible range) from an assumed ratio of in-band reflectances, rather than from an assumed reflectance value. Another method is for identifying cloud-containing pixels. This is used to improve the calculation of the spatially averaged radiance L* e and reflectance ρ e images in standard equations. Another method greatly reduces the number of mathematical operations required to generate the reflectance values. This method operates by averaging the water vapor and ρ e values over small groups of neighboring pixels, so that the same A, B, S, L* a parameter values may also be assigned to all pixels within the group. Yet another new method accounts for shifts in the wavelength calibration within the image, such as would be caused by spectral “smile”. This method loops the calculation of A, B, S and L* a over a set of possible wavelength shifts with respect to the input channel centers, and assigns the appropriate set of parameters to each pixel based on a pixel-location-dependent formula for the wavelength shift.

42 citations


01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: A filter optimization was investigated to design a set of filters for a five channel multi-spectral camera, three of which result in high colorimetric performance when used alone, and the full set having high quality spectral performance.
Abstract: A filter optimization was investigated to design a set of filters for a five channel multi-spectral camera, three of which result in high colorimetric performance when used alone, and the full set having high quality spectral performance. Each candidate filter was selected from a set of 33 glass filters with three different thicknesses where filters may be combined in optical series. The effectiveness of the filter selection is demonstrated by computer simulation taking into account the spectral sensitivity of the imaging system, and a comprehensive database of natural and man-made object spectral reflectances.

40 citations


Patent
09 Oct 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the image frame is divided into color segments with only one color of light being emitted from the light source during each segment, and transition segments are provided for the transitions between colors.
Abstract: A display system includes a display panel having an array of pixels, the pixels having ON states and OFF states. The pixels form images by modulating light in a temporal sequence during an image frame in response to drive signals generated from incoming video data. A light source arrangement that emits at least two colors of light illuminates the display panel. The image frame is divided into color segments with only one color of light being emitted from the light source during each segment. The color segments are further divided into grayscale periods. Transition segments are provided for the transitions between colors. The state of each pixel during these transition segments is a function of the desired brightness level for each pixel, as derived from incoming video data.

40 citations


Patent
21 May 2001
TL;DR: In this article, an information processing apparatus includes a main CPU for processing the obtained second image in accordance with the contents of the first image, and a CRTC for outputting the obtained first image and the display timing information to a predetermined display unit to display a combined image obtained by combining the first and second images on the display unit.
Abstract: An information processing apparatus obtains a first image and display timing information of the first image via a first channel, and a second image via a second channel different from the first channel. The information processing apparatus includes a main CPU for processing the obtained second image in accordance with the contents of the first image, and a CRTC for outputting the obtained first image, the processed second image and the display timing information to a predetermined display unit to display a combined image obtained by combining the first and second images on the display unit.

35 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the fringe-adjusted filtering can be effectively applied to a multichannel single-output JTC to obtain excellent correlation discrimination between an unknown input scene target and a reference image for all color channels.
Abstract: A fringe-adjusted joint transform correlator (JTC) based technique for improved color pattern recognition is introduced. in the proposed technique, a real-valued fringe-adjusted filter is used to reshape the joint power spectrum to yield better correlation output. A color image is processed through three channels, and fringe-adjusted filtering is applied to each of these channels to achieve excellent correlation discrimination. The correlation outputs from these channels are then fused together to make a decision on the detection of a desired color pattern. It is also shown that the fringe-adjusted filtering can be effectively applied to a multichannel single-output JTC to obtain excellent correlation discrimination between an unknown input scene target and a reference image for all color channels. The proposed techniques can be implemented in real time for practical color pattern recognition applications. Two architectures for all-optical implementation of the proposed techniques are presented.

23 citations


Patent
27 Apr 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a distance between a center color of each of the specific colors and a color comprising the image represented by the image data is found, and the correction degrees for lightness, chroma and hue of specific colors are subjected to weighted addition.
Abstract: Appropriate color correction is carried out when image data obtained by a digital camera are printed. Correction degrees for lightness, chroma, and hue are set for specific colors R, G, B, C, M, Y, YG, BS, SK(HL), SK(MD), SK(SD) in an image represented by the image data. In an L*a*b* color space, a distance between a center color of each of the specific colors and a color comprising the image represented by the image data is found. Based on the distance, the correction degrees for lightness, chroma and hue of the specific colors are subjected to weighted addition, and correction values for lightness, chroma and hue are obtained. Based on the correction values, lightness, chroma and hue of the image represented by the image data are corrected, and processed image data are obtained.

22 citations


Patent
09 Mar 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a channel is inserted into a sequence of frames for an image, by varying one or more display characteristics across a display in accordance with a spatio-temporal pattern applied to successive lines of each modified frame.
Abstract: A channel is inserted into a sequence of frames for an image, by varying one or more display characteristics across a display in accordance with a spatio-temporal pattern applied to, for example, successive lines of each modified frame. The channel may be employed to watermark the image, and the watermark may be defined as W(x) and its complement [1−W(x)] in counter-phase rotations of successive lines in pairs of frames. The watermark information is applied in relatively still portions of the image with sufficient lightness level. A receiver includes a watermark detector that has a priori information about the watermark. The watermark detector examines specific regions of the displayed image over time, and tests the regions for the watermark during time intervals when the image remains relatively still.

22 citations


Patent
20 Aug 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a system and method for providing added utility to at least one video camera was proposed, which includes the step of capturing and storing video containing visually perceptible data and the step in transmitting visually perceptibly data through a channel of communication and the further step of receiving video containing visual perceptible at a device capable of communication.
Abstract: A system and method for providing added utility to at least one video camera. The system includes the camera (62), device capable of communication and at least one processing device (70). The camera (62) contains a memory device (64) capable of storing captured video containing visually perceptible data. The device capable of communication is for receiving video containing visually perceptible data is further capable of transmitting visually perceptible data through a channel of communication. The at least one device adds utility (30) to the visually perceptible data. The method for providing added utility to at least one video camera (62) includes the step of capturing and storing video containing visually perceptible data and the step of transmitting visually perceptible data through a channel of communication and the step of receiving video containing visually perceptible at a device capable of communication and the step of processing the video containing visually perceptible data to add utility thereto.

22 citations


Patent
07 Feb 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the color image display accuracy can be improved across a computer network by obtaining information characterizing the color response of display devices associated with a client residing on the computer network, and using the information to modify color images delivered to the client.
Abstract: Improved color image display accuracy can be achieved across a computer network by obtaining information characterizing the color response of display devices associated with a client residing on the computer network, and using the information to modify color images delivered to the client. The information may include a gamma estimate. In one embodiment, the gamma estimate is limited to only the green color channel, without reference to the gammas for the red and blue channels. In this manner, the gamma estimate concentrates on the most dominant color channel and avoids errors that can arise due to the red-blue imbalances that are highly prevalent in many display devices. The information can be obtained, for example, by guiding the client through a color profiling process that profiles the color response of the display device. For example, such guidance may take the form of a series of instructional web pages that are delivered to the client. The web pages can be made interactive to enable collection of color characterization data from the client.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two methods are developed, using Karhunen-Loeve transformation and independent restoration schemes from earlier works, to solve the estimation problem in color image processing using multidimensional restoration.
Abstract: A colorimetric approach to restoration of digital images is presented. Assumptions are made to simplify the general problem to obtain a more computable form. Two methods are developed, using Karhunen-Loeve transformation and independent restoration schemes from earlier works, to solve the estimation problem in color image processing using multidimensional restoration. A comparison of the methods is presented including the effects of parameters of interest to desktop scanners and digital cameras. The results for the SNRs and blurs studied indicate that more than three color channels produces a slight numerical gain and modest visual gain.

Patent
25 May 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-lens and multi-CCD type image pickup device is provided with image pickup elements 4, 5, 6 for R, G, B each having a light receiving surface of the same size and processing circuits 7, 8, 9 therefor.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-lens and multi-CCD type image pickup device capable of realizing improvement of the performance of the whole image pickup device and a reduction in the cost. SOLUTION: The multi-lens and multi-CCD type image pickup device is provided with image pickup elements 4, 5, 6 for R, G, B each having a light- receiving surface of the same size and processing circuits 7, 8, 9 therefor. The number of pixels of the image pickup element 6 for B is reduced compared to the number of pixels of image pickup elements 4, 5 for R, G. Conventionally, a gain of a processing circuit of a B channel is much larger than that of a G channel, and this causes the deterioration in the S/N(signal to noise) ratio of a chroma signal. However, in the above-mentioned constitution, since the sensitivity of the image pickup element for B is larger than those of image pickup elements of R and G, the gain of the processing circuit of B can be made to be small, thereby improving the S/N ratio of the chroma signal.

Patent
28 Jun 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a set of gray elements are displayed against a dithered gray background representing a gray level of approximately 25 to 40 % and, more preferably, approximately 33 %.
Abstract: Improved color image display accuracy can be achieved across a computer network by obtaining information characterizing the color response of display devices associated with a client residing on the computer network, and using the information to modify color images delivered to the client. TO determine gamma and gray balance, a set of gray elements is displayed against a dithered gray background representing a gray level of approximately 25 to 40 % and, more preferably, approximately 33 %. In some embodiments, the gray elements and the dithered gray background may be limited to the green color channel of the display device. Dithered background in the range approaching approximately 33 % more closely match the actual midpoint of black to gray transition for most display devices. The gamma and gray balance information can be obtained, for example, by guiding the client through a color profiling process that profiles the color response of the display device. For example, such guidance may take the form of a series of instructional web pages that are delivered to the client. The web pages can be made interactive to enable collection of color characterization data from the client.

Book ChapterDOI
24 Oct 2001
TL;DR: This paper proposes to let the color channels support the edges and the edge support the interpolation of missing color, and thus achieve demosaic full-color image with better perceptual quality.
Abstract: Classical linear signal processing techniques when applied to color demosaic tends to over smooth the color signal, resulting in noticeable artifacts along edges and color features. We proposed in this paper to let the color channels support the edges and the edge support the interpolation of missing color, and thus achieve demosaic full-color image with better perceptual quality. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is compatible with other fast demosaic algorithms.

Patent
Amir Said1
08 Aug 2001
TL;DR: At least one predominant color in a digital image is identified by applying a detection rule to randomly selected pixels in the image as mentioned in this paper, which includes testing specific colors to reduce the probability of at least one of a false positive outcome and a false negative outcome.
Abstract: At least one predominant color in a digital image is identified by applying a detection rule to randomly-selected pixels in the image The detection rule includes testing specific colors to reduce the probability of at least one of a false-positive outcome and a false-negative outcome

Patent
20 Apr 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a single channel image is generated for each image based on measurement of a desired characteristic of those images, such as edge strength or edge magnitude, and the motion between two images is estimated using a constant edge constraint.
Abstract: In calculating motion between two images, a single channel image may be generated for each image based on measurement of a desired characteristic of those images. Given a desired characteristic (such as edge strength or edge magnitude) in an image, a function measures the strength of the desired characteristic in a region around a pixel in an image. A range of values can represent the likelihood, or measure of confidence, of the occurrence of the desired characteristic in the region around the pixel. Thus, each pixel in the single channel image has a value from the range of values that is determined according to a function. This function operates on a neighborhood in the input image that corresponds to the pixel in the single channel image, and measures the likelihood of occurrence of, or strength of, the desired characteristic in that neighborhood. Two single channel images generated from two input images are analyzed to provide a motion estimate that indicates how the location of characteristics in the images changes from one image to the next image. If the desired characteristic is an edge magnitude or edge strength, then the motion is effectively estimated using a constant edge constraint.

Patent
Kevin M. Ferguson1
18 Sep 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a temporal processing for real-time human vision system behavioral modeling is added at the input of a spatial realtime HVS behavioral modeling algorithm, which includes a linear and a non-linear temporal filter in series in each of a reference channel and a test channel.
Abstract: Temporal processing for realtime human vision system behavioral modeling is added at the input of a spatial realtime human vision system behavioral modeling algorithm. The temporal processing includes a linear and a non-linear temporal filter in series in each of a reference channel and a test channel, the input to the reference channel being a reference image signal and the input to the test channel being a test image signal that is an impaired version of the reference image signal. The non-linear temporal filter emulates a process with neural attack and decay to compensate for a shift in peak sensitivity and for frequency doubling in a spatio-temporal sensitivity function. The linear temporal filter accounts for the remaining subtleties in the spatio-temporal sensitivity function.

Patent
25 Jul 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of capturing and processing a digital image with a depth channel comprises receiving reflective and deflective light beams from an object, sensing the received light beams to generate digital images with distance information, storing the digital images, including the depth channel, and analyzing and processing the images with the depth channels.
Abstract: A method of capturing and processing a digital image with a depth channel comprises receiving reflective and deflective light beams from an object, sensing the received light beams to generate digital images with distance information, storing the digital images, including the depth channel, and analyzing and processing the digital images with the depth channel. The original two-dimensional digital image may be processed or recreated as quasi three-dimensional digital images through the adjustment of such depth channel attached to the digital image. The system includes generally at least a lens and a CCD unit. The lens is attached to a housing of the system, such as a camera. The storage device and the CPU are mounted within the housing. Further a grid beam light unit may be provided as either an internal or external unit.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
07 Oct 2001
TL;DR: A new method for equalizing colors of objects in two images of the same scene taken in different illumination conditions that compensates for differences in colors by separately equalizing their achromatic and chromatic components is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents a new method for equalizing colors of objects in two images of the same scene taken in different illumination conditions. The method outlined compensates for differences in colors by separately equalizing their achromatic and chromatic components. The equalization of the 1-D achromatic channel is carried out with a standard technique for gray-level images whereas the equalization of the 2-D chromatic channel is considered as a problem of image warping. The experiments reported show the effectiveness of our method.

Patent
Richard M. Knox1
10 Apr 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a full color image projection system using two non-color-specific image sources and color-specific filters is presented, which is capable of projecting an image using one primary color from one image source and the other two primary colors from another image source.
Abstract: A full color image projection system is provided using two non-color-specific image sources and color-specific filters. The system is capable of projecting an image using one primary color from one image source and the other two primary colors from another image source. The system uses slower speed image sources than would be required with one source alternating between three colors, and exhibits higher resolution than would be obtained from a color-specific image source.

Book ChapterDOI
05 Sep 2001
TL;DR: An algorithm for segmentation of the text and non-text parts of document image using multiscale feature vectors using M-band wavelets to achieve the required segmentation, assuming no a priori information regarding the font size, scanning resolution, type layout etc. of the document.
Abstract: In this work we propose an algorithm for segmentation of the text and non-text parts of document image using multiscale feature vectors. We assume that the text and non-text parts have different textural properties. M-band wavelets are used as the feature extractors and the features give measures of local energies at different scales and orientations around each pixel of the M×M bandpass channel outputs. The resulting multiscale feature vectors are classified by an unsupervised clustering algorithm to achieve the required segmentation, assuming no a priori information regarding the font size, scanning resolution, type layout etc. of the document.

Patent
Pradeep S. Sindhu1
31 May 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of prefiltering is applied before data compression of scanned image data to better preserve important information, where each filter attempts to suppress noise associated with its particular channel by applying a smoothing filter, no filter or a sharpening filter based on segmentation tags and other characteristics of the data.
Abstract: A method of prefiltering is applied before data compression of scanned image data to better preserve important information. Before prefiltering, the image is segmented and tagged as belonging in a first region, such as a Lineart region, in which edges are the most important information, or a second region, such as a Contone or Halftone Region, in which pixel level is the most important information. For prefiltering, dynamic filters condition the image data passing into the two compressors. Each filter attempts to suppress noise associated with its particular channel by applying a smoothing filter, no filter or a sharpening filter based on segmentation tags and other characteristics of the data.

Journal Article
TL;DR: The experiment shows that the facial target textural information can be effectively extracted using the wavelet transformation method and is shown to provide an effective tool for multi scale texture analysis of SAR image.
Abstract: Texture extraction from SAR image is an important frontier field because SAR image has characteristics of high spatial resolution and abundant texture information Wavelet transformation can provide an effective tool for multi scale texture analysis of SAR image This paper describes a method to extract multi scale textural information from satellite SAR image using wavelet transformation Firstly the SAR image is decomposed using Daubechies3 orthogonal wavelet and l 1 norms of every band image are computed as feature value of image pixels According to the feature value on every channel, texture images which respectively denote texture on different scale of SAR image are produced The method has been applied for the extraction the textural informtion from a Radarsat image of Xuzhou city The experiment shows that the facial target textural information can be effectively extracted using the mehtod

Patent
In Hoon Kim1
18 Jul 2001
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus and a method for displaying video data on a screen in a digital television system are disclosed, which includes tuning to a channel selected by a viewer and displaying the video data depending on a total number of video IDs of the selected channel and whether a multi-angle mode is set.
Abstract: An apparatus and method for displaying video data on a screen in a digital television system are disclosed. Since a viewer can easily notice that he or she is watching a multi-angle digital channel according to the present invention, the viewer can conveniently select a desired picture. The method includes tuning to a channel selected by a viewer and displaying the video data depending on a total number of video IDs of the selected channel and whether a multi-angle mode is set. If a multi-angle mode is set, the apparatus decodes all sets of the received video data and display all of them in a screen at same time. Then the viewer can select a desired channel. If the multi-angle mode is not set, it displays the first encoded set of video data with a multi-angle icon. The icon indicates the current picture the viewer is watching is one of the multi-angle pictures. Similarly, he or she can easily select a desired channel by simply using the remote control device.

Patent
15 Feb 2001
TL;DR: In this article, an image is recorded and converted into digital image data, and the image data are coded in a format specific to a telecommunications channel, and then the data are transmitted to an external receiving device.
Abstract: After a user operating a trigger button, an image is recorded and converted into digital image data. The image data are coded in a format specific to a telecommunications channel. A predetermined number associated with a telecommunications channel is dialed, and the image data are transmitted to an external receiving device. The image data may be compressed. A flash may be triggered before recording each image. Independent claims are included for an apparatus for automatically recording and transmitting imaged data, and for the use of a wireless telecommunications device with integrated camera for automatic image transmission internal combustion engine the event of an emergency.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new efficiency factor for comparing the performance of noise detectors in digital color images is introduced, which shows that the proposed algorithms perform better than existing methods, in both objective and subjective evaluations.
Abstract: This paper is an enhancement to our earlier research with grey-scale images. In this paper, we propose two new detection-estimation based image filtering algorithms that effectively remove corrupted pixels with impulsive noise in digital color images. The existing methods for enhancing corrupted color images typically possess inherent problems in computation time and smoothing out edges because all pixels are filtered. Our proposed algorithms first classify corrupted pixels in each channel or in each pixel. Because marginal or vector median filtering is only performed for the classified pixels, the process is computationally efficient, and edges are preserved well. In addition, because there is no appropriate criterion to evaluate the performance of impulsive noise detectors for color images, the objective comparison of noise detectors is difficult. Thus, we introduce a new efficiency factor for comparing the performance of noise detectors in digital color images. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms perform better than existing methods, in both objective and subjective evaluations.

Patent
19 Dec 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a mobile phone terminal transmitting/receiving images comprises: an image pickup means for photographing the images; a reception electric field strength detection means for detecting the state of the reception e cient of its own station; a means for setting the number of pixels for changing the numbers of component pixels of the image photographed with the image pickup, an image data conversion means for changing amount of image data; and a communication means for transmitting the image data produced with image data converted means to a communication destination.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mobile phone terminal capable of continuing communications attended with image transmission even when the quality of a channel is deteriorated. SOLUTION: The mobile phone terminal transmitting/receiving images comprises: an image pickup means for photographing the images; a reception electric field strength detection means for detecting the state of the reception electric field strength of its own station; a means for setting the number of pixels for changing the number of component pixels of the image photographed with the image pickup means on the basis of the reception electric field strength information detected with the reception electric field strength detection means; an image data conversion means for changing the amount of image data; and a communication means for transmitting the image data produced with the image data conversion means to a communication destination. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Patent
13 Apr 2001
TL;DR: In this article, an image processing device is mounted on an image communication apparatus, the selection by the 1st selection means is deactivated and a 2nd selection means provided to the image communication device can select the processing mode of the image processing means.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel image communication apparatus that employs an image processing device that is removably connected to an image communication apparatus having a function of image communication with an external device through a channel and can enter image information of an object in a state such that 2-way information communication is physically impossible with the image communication apparatus. SOLUTION: The image processing device is provided with an image processing means that processes received image information as a color or monochromatic image and a 1st selection means that selects a processing mode by the image processing means when the image processing device is removed from an image communication apparatus. When the image processing device is mounted on the image communication apparatus, the selection by the 1st selection means is deactivated and a 2nd selection means provided to the image communication apparatus can select the processing mode of the image processing means.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel algorithm to model the Human Visual System has been developed which considers frequency sensitivity, local luminance and contrast masking effects, and the maximum allowable watermark strength is determined in a completely automatic mode and the value of watermark capacity is computed.
Abstract: The problem of evaluating the maximum number of information bits that can be hidden within an image is considered; usually it is addressed by looking at the watermarking process as a communication task, in which the signal, i.e. the watermark, is transmitted over the channel, the host data acts the part of. Thus the maximum number of information bits is the capacity of the watermark-channel. By relying on experimental results in which the dependence of the watermark capacity upon the watermark strength G is evidenced, the knowledge of the maximum allowed watermark level, under the constraint of watermark invisibility, is required. G is often interactively adjusted to the image at hand, because no simple algorithm exists that permits to fit the watermark level according to the characteristics of the host image. Hence, a novel algorithm to model the Human Visual System has been developed which considers frequency sensitivity, local luminance and contrast masking effects. The proposed method exploits a block based DCT decomposition of the image, that permits to trade off between spatial and frequency localisation of the image features and disturbs. Through this model, the maximum allowable watermark strength is determined in a completely automatic mode and then the value of watermark capacity is computed.