Showing papers on "Character (mathematics) published in 2014"

Moral character predominates in person perception and evaluation.

Abstract: What sorts of trait information do people most care about when forming impressions of others? Recent research in social cognition suggests that "warmth," broadly construed, should be of prime importance in impression formation. Yet, some prior research suggests that information about others' specifically moral traits--their moral "character"--may be a primary dimension. Although warmth and character have sometimes been conceived of as interchangeable, we argue that they are separable, and that across a wide variety of contexts, character is usually more important than warmth in impression formation. We first showed that moral character and social warmth traits are indeed separable (Studies 1 and 2). Further studies that used correlational and experimental methods showed that, as predicted, in most contexts, moral character information is more important in impression formation than is warmth information (Studies 2-6). Character information was also more important than warmth information with respect to judgments of traits' perceived fundamentalness to identity, their uniquely human quality, their context-independence, and their controllability (Study 2). Finally, Study 7 used an archival method to show that moral character information appears more prominently than warmth information in obituaries, and more strongly determines the impressions people form of the individuals described in those obituaries. We discuss implications for current theories of person perception and social cognition.

A Bayesian Mixed Effects Model of Literary Character

Abstract: We consider the problem of automatically inferring latent character types in a collection of 15,099 English novels published between 1700 and 1899. Unlike prior work in which character types are assumed responsible for probabilistically generating all text associated with a character, we introduce a model that employs multiple effects to account for the influence of extra-linguistic information (such as author). In an empirical evaluation, we find that this method leads to improved agreement with the preregistered judgments of a literary scholar, complementing the results of alternative models.

Personalized structured search queries for online social networks

Abstract: In particular embodiments, a method includes receiving an text query, identifying nodes and edges from a social graph that correspond to character strings from the text query, and then generating recommended queries that include references to the identified nodes and edges.

Ancestral character estimation under the threshold model from quantitative genetics

Abstract: Evolutionary biology is a study of life’s history on Earth. In researching this history, biologists are often interested in attempting to reconstruct phenotypes for the long extinct ancestors of living species. Various methods have been developed to do this on a phylogeny from the data for extant taxa. In the present article, I introduce a new approach for ancestral character estimation for discretely valued traits. This approach is based on the threshold model from evolutionary quantitative genetics. Under the threshold model, the value exhibited by an individual or species for a discrete character is determined by an underlying, unobserved continuous trait called “liability.” In this new method for ancestral state reconstruction, I use Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to sample the liabilities of ancestral and tip species, and the relative positions of two or more thresholds, from their joint posterior probability distribution. Using data simulated under the model, I find that the method has very good performance in ancestral character estimation. Use of the threshold model for ancestral state reconstruction relies on a priori specification of the order of the discrete character states along the liability axis. I test the use of a Bayesian MCMC information theoretic criterion based approach to choose among different hypothesized orderings for the discrete character. Finally, I apply the method to the evolution of feeding mode in centrarchid fishes.

Geometry and braiding of Stokes data; Fission and wild character varieties

Abstract: A family of new algebraic Poisson varieties will be constructed, generalising the complex character varieties of Riemann surfaces. Then the well-known (Poisson) mapping class group actions on the character varieties will be generalised.

Building Character through Literacy with Children's Literature.

Abstract: Character education is described as curriculum specifically developed to teach children about the quality and traits of good character. One means in which children can learn about good character is through the pages of high quality children’s literature. In this study, the author defines the characteristics of an effective character development program for grades K-6 built around children’s literature. Discussion focuses on how literature can be brought into the curriculum in helping to develop character traits in a meaningful, substantial manner.

System and method for instant messaging

Abstract: A method of instant messaging is provides. The method comprises providing an image frame for display of a message in an event of instant messaging, the image frame configured to exhibit a textual input, a background environment and a character associated with the message; receiving at least one of a textual input, a background environment or a character from a user; and integrating into the image frame the received at least one of the textual input, the background environment or the character.

Highest weight generating functions for Hilbert series

Abstract: We develop a new method for representing Hilbert series based on the highest weight Dynkin labels of their underlying symmetry groups. The method draws on plethystic functions and character generating functions along with Weyl integration. We give explicit examples showing how the use of such highest weight generating functions (“HWGs”) permits an efficient encoding and analysis of the Hilbert series of the vacuum moduli spaces of classical and exceptional SQCD theories and also of the moduli spaces of instantons. We identify how the HWGs of gauge invariant operators of a selection of classical and exceptional SQCD theories result from the interaction under symmetrisation between a product group and the invariant tensors of its gauge group. In order to calculate HWGs, we derive and tabulate character generating functions for low rank groups by a variety of methods, including a general character generating function, based on the Weyl Character Formula, for any classical or exceptional group.

Word-level Language Identification using CRF: Code-switching Shared Task Report of MSR India System

Abstract: We describe a CRF based system for word-level language identification of code-mixed text. Our method uses lexical, contextual, character n-gram, and special character features, and therefore, can easily be replicated across languages. Its performance is benchmarked against the test sets provided by the shared task on code-mixing (Solorio et al., 2014) for four language pairs, namely, EnglishSpanish (En-Es), English-Nepali (En-Ne), English-Mandarin (En-Cn), and Standard Arabic-Arabic (Ar-Ar) Dialects. The experimental results show a consistent performance across the language pairs.

Methods and strategies on off-line cursive touched characters segmentation: a directional review

Abstract: Character segmentation is a challenging problem in the field of optical character recognition. Presence of touched characters make this dilemma more crucial. The goal of this paper is to provide major concepts and progress in domain of off-line cursive touched character segmentation. Accordingly, two broad classes of technique are identified. These include methods that perform explicit or implicit character segmentation. The basic methods used by each class of technique are presented and the contributions of individual algorithms within each class are discussed. It is the first survey that focuses on touched character segmentation and provides segmentation rates, descriptions of the test data for the approaches discussed. Finally, the main trends in the field of touched character segmentation are examined, important contributions are presented and future directions are also suggested.

Speech search device and speech search method

Abstract: Disclosed is a speech search device including a recognizer 2 that refers to an acoustic model and language models having different learning data and performs voice recognition on an input speech, to acquire a recognized character string for each language model, a character string comparator 6 that compares the recognized character string for each language models with the character strings of search target words stored in a character string dictionary, and calculates a character string matching score showing the degree of matching of the recognized character string with respect to each of the character strings of the search target words, to acquire both a character string having the highest character string matching score and this character string matching score for each recognized character strings, and a search result determinator 8 that refers to the acquired score and outputs one or more search target words in descending order of the scores.

Character input device

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the input of an appropriate character string even if a wrong key button is touched.SOLUTION: In addition to the extraction of a character string corresponding to a combination of characters specified on the basis of a user's touch operations, a character string corresponding to a combination of characters obtained when the former combination of characters is at least partly replaced with a character that is input by a touch operation on another key button adjacent to a key button touched is also extracted.

Input character estimation device and program

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve operability in inputting a sentence with flick input to a software keyboard.SOLUTION: An input character estimation device includes: a time-series input coordinate storage unit 3 for storing input coordinates when a user touches a touch panel display, in a time series; a character model storage unit 4 for defining character models for plural types of operation states for each character allocated to an operation button of a software keyboard, defining a probability density function for each state with two-dimensional coordinates being as a feature quantity, and storing the probability density function defined for each state for each character; a probability computation unit 5 for computing an occurrence probability of each character on the basis of the input coordinates and the character models; a cumulative probability memory unit 6 for storing a cumulative probability value obtained by cumulating probability values from the start of input by the user as a cumulative occurrence probability of each character; and an input candidate character selection unit 7 for selecting a character having the highest cumulative occurrence probability as an input candidate character.

Input device and input support method

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an input device for displaying prediction candidate character strings as an object of an input operation at a predetermined position adjacent to a position on a screen corresponding to a pointing medium to which an approximation is detected during an input operation to thereby reduce the intricacy in input operation.SOLUTION: A detection section detects a selection operation of a pointing medium on a screen and outputs a detection signal. The storage section stores character strings corresponding to a key of the character string displayed on the screen or a character string which forward-matches with the reading thereof. Based on the detection signal, a prediction candidate generation section generates a character string corresponding to the key displayed at a selection position which is a position on the screen corresponding to the pointing medium a selection operation of which is detected or a character string of at least one prediction candidate forward matching with the reading of the character string. The display control section controls to display a character string of at least one prediction candidate in a predetermined position adjacent to the selection position.

Self-Expansion through Fictional Characters

Abstract: The prevalence of entertainment media in everyday life might offer unexpected social opportunities The present paper examined whether cognitive overlap with the character and self-expansion occur as a result of exposure to fictional characters Results of two studies indicated that transportation into a narrative leads to greater cognitive overlap with the character and perceived self-expansion Providing a distinction between these two concepts, we found that cognitive overlap with the character increases to the extent the character represents one's actual self-guide; perceived self-expansion increases to the extent the character represents one's ideal self-guide Together, these findings illustrate the nature of parasocial relationships and impact of entertainment media on the self

Highest Weight Generating Functions for Hilbert Series

Abstract: We develop a new method for representing Hilbert series based on the highest weight Dynkin labels of their underlying symmetry groups. The method draws on plethystic functions and character generating functions along with Weyl integration. We give explicit examples showing how the use of such highest weight generating functions (HWGs) permits an efficient encoding and analysis of the Hilbert series of the vacuum moduli spaces of classical and exceptional SQCD theories and also of the moduli spaces of instantons. We identify how the HWGs of gauge invariant operators of a selection of classical and exceptional SQCD theories result from the interaction under symmetrisation between a product group and the invariant tensors of its gauge group. In order to calculate HWGs, we derive and tabulate character generating functions for low rank groups by a variety of methods, including a general character generating function, based on the Weyl Character Formula, for any classical or exceptional group.

On the ‘second potential’ in electrodynamics

Abstract: In the strict absence of charge, it is manifestly possible to introduce two potentials in electrodynamics, one of which is well known and can be said to be of magnetic character whilst the other is rather less well known and can be said to be of electric character. Remarkably, both potentials make explicit and seemingly natural appearances in the fundamental description of the angular momentum of freely propagating light. In the present paper, we review and examine the 'second potential' and, in particular, consider its significance in the presence of charge.

Character entry for an electronic device using a position sensing keyboard

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for entering characters into an electronic device. Character inputs from a keyboard are displayed on a display of an electronic device and a set of suggested character sequences are also presented on the display in proximity to the displayed text. When a user digit position is sensed in a region of the keyboard, a suggested character sequence of the set of suggested character sequences that is associated with that region of the keyboard is visually indicated or highlighted. Responsive to a sensed motion gesture beginning at the sensed user digit position, the suggested character sequence indicated by the sensed user digit position is selected for input to the electronic device.

The Racah algebra and superintegrable models

Abstract: The universal character of the Racah algebra will be illustrated by showing that it is at the center of the relations between the Racah polynomials, the recoupling of three su(1,1) representations and the symmetries of the generic second-order superintegrable model on the 2-sphere.

The Austerity School: Grit, Character, and the Privatization of Public Education

Abstract: Since the 2008 fi nancial crisis, the politics of austerity has centrally involved amplifying the longstanding neoliberal program of gutting the caregiving roles of the state while expanding privatization and deregulation. As David Harvey suggests, neoliberalism has, since the economic crisis of the 1970’s, been used by the capitalist class to legitimize draconian policies that restore and consolidate class power by privatizing profi t while socializing risk and eroding the power of workers and unions under the guise of fi scal discipline.1 Public education in the US has been one of the caregiving institutions subject to a steadily increasing neoliberal fi scal starvation, privatization, and deregulation.2 Austerity politics informs the structural dimensions of education, such as funding and fi nance, including a post-2008 intensifi cation of the steady expansion of school privatizations in the form of charters, vouchers, scholarship tax credits (tax subsidies for private schools that drain the tax base for public schools), and union-busting, as public money is siphoned away from children and towards investor profi ts and business slush funds.3 Facilitated by the growing charter movement, the closure of public school represents a corporate hijacking of the US public school system. It installs, in neighborhood schools, a system of contracting out and a low-paid, insecure, and inexperienced teacher workforce.4

The Relational and Representational Character of Perceptual Experience

Abstract: The history of philosophy is a history of false dichotomies. The dichotomy between relationalists and representationalists is one such false dichotomy. Relationalists argue that perception is fundamentally a matter of a perceiver being related to her environment. Representationalists argue that perception is fundamentally a matter of a perceiver representing her environment. However, the standard views in the debate are either austerely relationalist or austerely representationalist. According to austere representationalists, perception is fundamentally representational but not fundamentally relational. According to austere relationalists, perception is fundamentally relational but not fundamentally representational. Against both, I argue that perceptual relations to the environment and the content of experience should be recognized to be mutually dependent in any explanation of what brings about perceptual awareness of the environment. Another way of expressing the idea is that being acquainted with particulars in one’s environment is neither metaphysically nor explanatorily more basic than representing one’s environment. As I argue, there is no such thing as being brutely acquainted with one’s

The twisted symmetric square L -function of GL(r)

Abstract: In this paper, we consider the (partial) symmetric square L-function LS(s,π,Sym2⊗χ) of an irreducible cuspidal automorphic representation π of GLr(A) twisted by a Hecke character χ. In particular, we will show that the L-function LS(s,π,Sym2⊗χ) is holomorphic for the region Re(s)>1−1/r with the exception that, if χrω2=1, a pole might occur at s=1, where ω is the central character of π. Our method of proof is essentially a (nontrivial) modification of the one by Bump and Ginzburg in which they considered the case χ=1.

Phenotypic and genotypic correlation co-efficient of quantitative characters and character association of aromatic rice

Abstract: An experiment was conducted in research fields under the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University in Bangladesh to study Phenotypic and genotypic correlation co-efficient of quantitative characters and character association of aromatic rice. Forty-one aromatic rice germplasm of diverse sources were used to assess the character association and contribution of characters towards grain yield. Path coefficient analyses were carried out for selected genotypes and to find out the direct and indirect effect of component characters on grain yield. Analysis of phenotypic and genotypic correlation co-efficient of quantitative characters and partitioning of genotypic correlation to grain revealed that the correlation coefficients of grain yield per hill with 1000-grain weight and harvest index were positive and highly significant. Spikelet sterility showed highly significant negative correlation with grain yield at genotypic level only. The parameter 1000-grain weight showed the highest positive direct effect on grain yield. Panicle length and spikelet sterility showed negative negligible direct effect. The highest positive indirect effect was observed for 1000-grain weight via plant height and the highest negative indirect effect for 1000-grain weight via number of filled grains per panicle. Data of this study might be useful for quantitative assessment of the variation in yield and yield components, their interrelationship, and direct and indirect effects of different characters on grain yield of aromatic rice.

The Development of Character Education Curriculum for Elementary Students in West Sumatera

Abstract: This research is based on the ineffectiveness of the implementation of character education in schools. This study aims to produce a valid character education curriculum in elementary schools. This development research is conducted by using an ADDIE Model with five steps, consists of needs analysis, product design, product development, implementation, and research product evaluation. The resulting product is a specific character education curriculum, like a complete curriculum design, teacher guide books, student books, activity’s books and design of the character learning environment. The data was collected using observation, interviews, documentation for curriculum design and questionnaire were analyzed to determine the condition of the implementation of the character education now a day. Samples were selected by purposive sampling which is a good school category, medium and less. The data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of research which is obtained by the implementation of character education conditions shows that character education program stands in good category. The designed character education curriculum was validated by material experts, curriculum and language. Validation results show that the curriculum is valid and lightly revised. The implementation in the field shows that character education curriculum has been very practical.

The Effect of Radical-Based Grouping in Character Learning in Chinese as a Foreign Language

Abstract: The logographic nature of the Chinese writing system creates a huge hurdle for Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learners. Existing literature (e.g., Shen, ; Taft & Chung, ) suggests that radical knowledge facilitates character learning. In this project, we selected 48 compound characters in eight radical groups and examined how grouping characters based on their radicals affected the form, sound, and meaning representations of characters and radical knowledge development. We found that for beginning learners, learning radical-sharing characters in groups consistently led to better recall and better radical generalization than learning in distribution. For intermediate level learners, the grouping factor did not lead to significant differences, while participants in both conditions made improvement in radical perception and radical semantic awareness generalization. We concluded that there is a benefit to presenting learners with recurring radicals in compound characters in groups in character learning and in the autonomous generalization of radical knowledge. We also noted the differences between beginning and intermediate learners in their character perception and learning, and put forward implications for CFL pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Method, system and mobile phone for judging mood and character of user according to call voice

Abstract: The invention provides a method, a system and a mobile phone for judging the mood and character of a user according to call voice. The method includes the steps of A, presetting judging parameters for judging the mood and character of the user at a call terminal; B, by the call terminal, obtaining the call voice of the user on the other side; C, analyzing the voice information, and acquiring the attribute information and content information of the voice information; D, comparing the attribute information and content information with the preset judging parameters and analyzing to judge the mood and character of the user on the other side; E, saving and displaying the mood and character information of the user on the other side. By the method, the user can obtain professional mood and character analyzing data of the user on the other side, the mood and character information of the user on the other side can be obtained timely, and reasonable measures can be taken.