Character (mathematics)

About: Character (mathematics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 46723 publications have been published within this topic receiving 411412 citations.

Character recognizing and translating system and voice recognizing and translating system

Abstract: A study system of a character recognizing and translating system is provided with a character data base for storing character data representing characters contained in a sensed image; a character shape analysis unit for analyzing the shape of a character to extract the features of character constituting elements constituting the character; and, a mask learning unit for generating sample mask data of the character constituting elements on the basis of the analysis result of the character shape analysis unit. A recognition system of the character recognizing and translating system is provided with a collating unit for collating the character data of a character to be recognized with the sample mask data so as to recognize the character. Further, a study system of a voice recognizing and translating system is provided with a sound data base for storing data from which noise is removed; a sound analysis unit for extracting the features of the voice corresponding to the voice data stored in the sound data base; and a model learning unit for creating an acoustic model on the basis of the analysis result of the sound analysis unit. A recognition system of the voice recognizing and translating system is provided with: an acoustic model storing unit for storing acoustic models; a second sound analysis unit for extracting the feature of the voice corresponding to the data concerned on the basis of the data obtained by removing the data representing noise from the voice data of a newly input voice, and a voice collating unit for collating the voice data obtained by the second sound analysis unit with the data of the acoustic models so as to recognize the voice.

Inferring Rates of Change in Flower Symmetry in Asterid Angiosperms

Abstract: Discrete, version 1.01b (Pagel, 1997), is a DOS-based program that can be used to estimate individual ancestral values. Discrete was written to test for correlated evolution between twodiscrete characters, and producing ancestor reconstructions in such away requires several steps. First, Discrete deals with two characters at a time; therefore, for thepurposes of estimating ancestors for a single character, the states must be entered twice. For example, for a tip (tipA) in state 1 on a branch 2units long andwhose immediate ancestor is nodeA, the entry would be “tipA, nodeA, 2, 1,1.” Because two characters are input, Discrete estimates two (or four) rates: a 1 and b 1 refer to q01 and q10 for the Žrst character, and a 2 and b 2 refer to q01 and q10 for the second character. With this in mind:

Character-Level Question Answering with Attention

Abstract: We show that a character-level encoder-decoder framework can be successfully applied to question answering with a structured knowledge base. We use our model for single-relation question answering and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the SimpleQuestions dataset (Bordes et al., 2015), where we improve state-of-the-art accuracy from 63.9% to 70.9%, without use of ensembles. Importantly, our character-level model has 16x fewer parameters than an equivalent word-level model, can be learned with significantly less data compared to previous work, which relies on data augmentation, and is robust to new entities in testing.

Electronic gaming method using coded input data

Abstract: A gaming device allows a user to scan bar codes and collect character data corresponding to characters and character item data corresponding to character items which affect attributes of the characters. The gaming device allows a user to cause simulated battles between characters. In some embodiments, the characters belong to one of a plurality of character groups which are at war with one another. In some embodiments, gaming devices may communicate with other gaming devices in order to engage in battles between characters corresponding to data stored on the respective gaming devices. In some embodiments, each character within a group has a different combination of attributes, which may include strength, magic and technology. In some embodiments, the same bar codes which include character data or character item data also correspond to commercial products unrelated to characters or character items.

On the graded identities ofM1,1(E)

Abstract: We determine theSn×Sm-cocharacterXn,m of the algebraM1,1(E) and prove that theT2-ideal of its graded identities is generated by the polynomialsy1y2−y2y1 andz1z2z3+z3z2z1.