scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Characteristic impedance

About: Characteristic impedance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9149 publications have been published within this topic receiving 103952 citations. The topic is also known as: surge impedance.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Juan Bisquert1
TL;DR: In this paper, the small signal ac impedance of electron diffusion and recombination in a spatially restricted situation with application in systems such as porous TiO2 nanostructured photoelectrodes and intrinsically conducting polymers is analyzed.
Abstract: This paper analyzes the small signal ac impedance of electron diffusion and recombination in a spatially restricted situation with application in systems such as porous TiO2 nanostructured photoelectrodes and intrinsically conducting polymers. It is shown that the diffusion−recombination model with the main types of boundary conditions assumes a finite set of possible behaviors in the frequency domain, which are classified according to relevant physical parameters. There are four possible cases: (i) the impedance of finite diffusion with reflecting boundary, (ii) the impedance of finite diffusion with absorbing boundary, (iii) the impedance of diffusion-reaction in semiinfinite space or Gerischer impedance, and (iv) the impedance that combines Warburg response at high frequency and a reaction arc at low frequency. The generality of the approach is discussed in terms of the spatial distribution of the electrochemical potential or quasi-Fermi level and also in terms of the transmission line representation....

1,199 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the main features of the characteristic impedance spectra of dye-sensitized solar cells are described in a wide range of potential conditions: from open to short circuit.

1,123 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
C.P. Wen1
05 May 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the coplanar waveguide is used for non-reciprocal magnetic device applications because of the built-in circularly polarized magnetic vector at the air-dielectric boundary between the conductors.
Abstract: A coplanar waveguide consists of a strip of thin metallic film on the surface of a dielectric slab with two ground electrodes running adjacent and parallel to the strip. This novel transmission line readily lends itself to nonreciprocal magnetic device applications because of the built-in circularly polarized magnetic vector at the air-dielectric boundary between the conductors. Practical applications of the coplanar waveguide have been experimentally demonstrated by measurements on resonant isolators and differential phase shifters fabricated on low-loss dielectric substrates with high dielectric constants. Calculations have been made for the characteristic impedance, phase velocity, and ripper bound of attenuation of a transmission line whose electrodes are all on one side of a dielectric substrate. These calculations are in good agreement with preliminary experimental results. The coplanar configuration of the transmission system not only permits easy shunt connection of external elements in hybrid integrated circuits, but also adapts well to the fabrication of monolithic integrated systems. Low-loss dielectric substrates with high dielectric constants may be employed to reduce the longitudinal dimension of the integrated circuits because the characteristic impedance of the coplanar waveguide is relatively independent of the substrate thickness; this may be of vital importance for Iow-frequency integrated microwave systems.

910 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a small-signal impedance modeling of grid-connected three-phase converters for wind and solar system stability analysis is presented, where a converter is modeled by a positive-sequence and a negative-sequence impedance directly in the phase domain.
Abstract: This paper presents small-signal impedance modeling of grid-connected three-phase converters for wind and solar system stability analysis. In the proposed approach, a converter is modeled by a positive-sequence and a negative-sequence impedance directly in the phase domain. It is further demonstrated that the two sequence subsystems are decoupled under most conditions and can be studied independently from each other. The proposed models are verified by experimental measurements and their applications are demonstrated in a system testbed.

765 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new forbidden region for impedance ratio Z/sub o/Z/sub i/ on the S-plane is proposed as the system stability margin requirement, based on which the impedance specifications of individual loads are established.
Abstract: In a DC distributed power system, the interaction between individually designed power modules/subsystems may cause the instability of the whole system. In a small-signal sense, system level stability is determined by the impedance ratio Z/sub o//Z/sub i/. Here, Z/sub o/ is the output impedance of the source module/subsystem, and Z/sub i/ is the input impedance of the load module/subsystem. As a result, an effective way to prevent system instability is defining impedance specifications for modules/subsystems. This paper briefly summarizes existing works and introduces the authors' contribution in defining impedance specifications. A new forbidden region for impedance ratio Z/sub o//Z/sub i/ on the S-plane is proposed as the system stability margin requirement. Based on this proposed forbidden region, the impedance specifications of individual loads are established. Further, a very practical measurement approach is developed to examine whether or not the system stability margin requirement of the forbidden region is satisfied.

538 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Antenna (radio)
208K papers, 1.8M citations
84% related
Amplifier
163.9K papers, 1.3M citations
84% related
Resonator
76.5K papers, 1M citations
81% related
Voltage
296.3K papers, 1.7M citations
80% related
Electronic circuit
114.2K papers, 971.5K citations
80% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202320
202247
202188
2020166
2019215
2018165