Showing papers on "Chemical bath deposition published in 2011"
TL;DR: In this article, a review is presented on the status of synthesizing thin films of metal chalcogenide and metal oxides by CBD and SILAR, and properties and applications of the thin films are also summarized.
307 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hierarchical porous NiO film has been successfully prepared by chemical bath deposition through monolayer polystyrene sphere template, which exhibits weaker polarization, better cycling performance and higher specific capacitance in comparison with the dense NiO films.
Abstract: Hierarchically porous NiO film has been successfully prepared by chemical bath deposition through monolayer polystyrene sphere template. The film possesses an architecture with a substructure of NiO monolayer hollow-sphere array and a superstructure of porous net-like NiO nanoflakes. The pseudocapacitive behavior of the NiO film is investigated by cyclic voltammograms (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests in 1 M KOH. The hierarchically porous NiO film exhibits weaker polarization, better cycling performance and higher specific capacitance in comparison with the dense NiO film. The specific capacitance of the porous NiO film is 309 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 221 F g−1 at 40 A g−1, respectively, much higher than that of the dense NiO film (121 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 99 F g−1 at 40 A g−1). The hierarchically porous architecture is responsible for the enhancement of electrochemical properties.
282 citations
TL;DR: Porous ZnO nanosheets are grown directly on copper substrates by a chemical bath deposition technique followed by a heat treatment as discussed by the authors, and their electrochemical properties as anodes of lithium ion batteries are examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic discharge charge tests.
265 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the onset potential of photoelectrochemical water oxidation on ultrathin hematite was improved by up to 200 mV by the chemical bath deposition of 13-group oxides as overlayers.
Abstract: The onset potential of photoelectrochemical water oxidation on ultrathin hematite was improved by up to 200 mV by the chemical bath deposition of 13-group oxides as overlayers. It is proposed that the corundum-type overlayers released lattice strain of the ultrathin hematite layer and decreased the density of surface states. Particularly, a Ga2O3 overlayer exhibited an enhanced photocurrent attributed to stoichiometric water splitting near the onset potential. The photocurrent was sustained over a day, attesting to its outstanding performance and durability for water splitting.
256 citations
TL;DR: A modified polysulfide redox couple in an organic solvent was employed in CdS quantum dot (QD)-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), and an unprecedented energy conversion efficiency of up to 3.2% was obtained under AM 1.5 G illumination.
Abstract: A modified polysulfide redox couple, [(CH(3))(4)N](2)S/[(CH(3))(4)N](2)S(n), in an organic solvent (3-methoxypropionitrile) was employed in CdS quantum dot (QD)-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs), and an unprecedented energy conversion efficiency of up to 3.2% was obtained under AM 1.5 G illumination. The QDs were linked to nanoporous TiO(2) via covalent bonds by using thioglycolic acid, and chemical bath deposition in an organic solvent was then used to prepare the QDSSCs, facilitating high wettability and superior penetration capability of the TiO(2) films. A very high fill factor of 0.89 was observed with the optimized QDSSCs.
253 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a porous net-like β-Ni(OH)2/γ-NiOOH composite film is prepared by a chemical bath deposition, which shows a highly porous structure built up by many interconnected nanoflakes with a thickness of about 20nm.
187 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a porous nickel oxide film was successfully synthesized by means of a chemical bath deposition technique from an aqueous nickel nitrate solution, and the formation of a rock salt NiO structure was confirmed with XRD measurements.
184 citations
TL;DR: The CoONRs modified electrode exhibited a high selectivity for glucose in human serum, against ascorbic acid, uric Acid, and acetaminophen, and the pertinent sensor could be successfully used for the quantification of glucose by amperometric method.
178 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a Co2+ partially substitutes Ni3+, resulting in an increase of holes concentration, and therefore improved p-type conductivity, which is useful to reduce charge transfer resistance during the charge/discharge process.
169 citations
TL;DR: The NiCo2O4/ITO films are used as electrodes for supercapacitor applications, and electrochemical properties of the NiCo 2O4 nanostructures are examined by cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge experiments.
165 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a linker assisted chemical bath deposition method was proposed to synthesize CdTe or cdTe/CdS quantum dot sensitized TiO2 photoelectrodes.
Abstract: We report on an interesting and efficient one-step linker assisted chemical bath deposition method to synthesise CdTe or CdTe/CdS quantum dot sensitized TiO2 photoelectrodes. The CdTe or CdTe/CdS core/shell quantum dots with different size and structure can be easily obtained by controlling the hydrothermal temperature. The QDs are covalently linked to TiO2 nanocrystallites by thioglycolic acid (TGA) bifunctional molecule which also acts as stabilizer and sulfur source in this one-step fabrication. In this sensitized electrode, CdTe has higher light absorptivity while the CdS shell plays a crucial role in the sensitive CdTe QDs protection and photo-generated charges separation. Both effects push the power conversion efficiency of the quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) up to 3.8% and 5.25% under AM 1.5 G one sun (100 mW cm−2) and 0.12 sun illumination, respectively.
TL;DR: In this article, chemical bath deposition and ion exchange were used to incorporate copper, zinc, tin and sulfur into a thin film precursor stack, which was then sulfurized to form the photovoltaic absorber material Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS).
TL;DR: The results show that the performance of the CdS/CdSe-cosensitized cell achieves a short-circuit current density and a power conversion efficiency comparable to the one fabricated using conventional successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique.
Abstract: A CdS/CdSe quantum-dot (QD)-cosensitized TiO2 film has been fabricated using a microwave-assisted chemical bath deposition technique and used as a photoanode for QD-sensitized solar cells. The technique allows a direct and rapid deposition of QDs and forms a good contact between QDs and TiO2 films. The photovoltaic performance of the as-prepared cell is investigated. The results show that the performance of the CdS/CdSe-cosensitized cell achieves a short-circuit current density of 16.1 mA cm–2 and a power conversion efficiency of 3.06% at one sun (AM 1.5 G, 100 mW cm–2), which is comparable to the one fabricated using conventional successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique.
TL;DR: The use of in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is reported to study HMTA adsorption from aqueous solutions onto ZnO nanoparticle films and it is shown that HMTA does not adsorb onZnO, refuting earlier claims that the anisotropic morphology arises from HMTA Adsorbing onto and capping the Zn O faces.
Abstract: Chemical bath deposition (CBD) is an inexpensive and reproducible method for depositing ZnO nanowire arrays over large areas The aqueous Zn(NO3)2−hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) chemistry is one of the most common CBD chemistries for ZnO nanowire synthesis, but some details of the reaction mechanism are still not well-understood Here, we report the use of in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR−FTIR) spectroscopy to study HMTA adsorption from aqueous solutions onto ZnO nanoparticle films and show that HMTA does not adsorb on ZnO This result refutes earlier claims that the anisotropic morphology arises from HMTA adsorbing onto and capping the ZnO {10 1 0} faces We conclude that the role of HMTA in the CBD of ZnO nanowires is only to control the saturation index of ZnO Furthermore, we demonstrate the first deposition of ZnO nanowire arrays at 90 °C and near-neutral pH conditions without HMTA Nanowires were grown using the pH buffer 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) a
TL;DR: In this paper, a new type of solar cell with structure glass/ITO/CdS/PbS/conductive graphite was constructed and studied, and both window and absorption layers were deposited by means of the chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique.
TL;DR: WO3 nanoparticles loaded in TiO2 nanotube arrays, fabricated by a chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique in combination with a pyrolysis process, is uniform and the diameter can be easily adjusted by the deposition times as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: WO3 nanoparticles loaded in TiO2 nanotube arrays, fabricated by a chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique in combination with a pyrolysis process, is uniform and the diameter can be easily adjusted by the deposition times. The resultant hybrid nanotubes array shows a multistage coloring electrochromic response at different potential bias. The formation of a 3-dimensional WO3/TiO2 junction promotes unidirectional charge transport due to the one-dimensional features of the tubes, which leads to the significant positive-shift onset potential of the cathodic reaction (ion insertion) and the highly increased proton storage capacity. Compared to non-decorated nanotube arrays, the enhanced electrochromic properties of longer lifetime, higher contrast ratio (bleaching time/coloration time), and improved tailored electrochromic behavior could be achieved using the composite films.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrochromic properties of NiO thin films were investigated in a nonaqueous LiClO 4 -PC electrolyte by means of optical transmittance, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements.
TL;DR: In this article, the structural, morphological, compositional and optical properties of the deposited Cd 1− x Zn x S thin films have been studied by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive Xray analysis (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) and UV-vis spectrophotometer, respectively.
TL;DR: In this paper, Stannous sulfide films were prepared by chemical bath deposition in which a novel chelating reagent ammonium citrate was used to obtain homogeneous and well adhered.
TL;DR: In this article, the preparation of copper antimony sulfide (CuSbS2) thin films by heating Sb2S3/Cu multilayer in vacuum was reported.
TL;DR: In this article, as-grown ZnO thin films were investigated using six different complexing agents, namely ammonia, hydrazine, ethanolamine, methylamine, triethanolamine and dimethylamine.
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural, morphological, optical, electrical and wettability properties of hydrous RuO 2 thin films were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer, two point probe method and water contact angle measurement techniques.
TL;DR: In this article, Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films have been deposited on glass substrates at 30°C for 36h using chemical bath deposition technique.
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of CdS/CdTe solar cells with chemical bath deposition (CBD) was investigated and it was found that the open circuit voltage increases when the CBD-CdS is annealed with CdCl2 before the deposition of cdTe by close spaced sublimation.
TL;DR: In this paper, vertically aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were grown on seed layers of ZnO-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites spin-coated on p-type Si.
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel CdSe quantum dot (QD)-sensitized Au/TiO2 hybrid mesoporous films have been designed, fabricated, and evaluated for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications.
Abstract: Novel CdSe quantum dot (QD)-sensitized Au/TiO2 hybrid mesoporous films have been designed, fabricated, and evaluated for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications. The Au/TiO2 hybrid structures were made by assembly of Au and TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). A chemical bath deposition method was applied to deposit CdSe QDs on TiO2 NP films with and without Au NPs embedded. We observed significant enhancements in photocurrent for the film with Au NPs, in the entire spectral region we studied (350–600 nm). Incident-photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) data revealed an average enhancement of 50%, and the enhancement was more significant at short wavelength. This substantially improved PEC performance is tentatively attributed to the increased light absorption of CdSe QDs due to light scattering by Au NPs. Interestingly, without QD sensitization, the Au NPs quenched the photocurrent of TiO2 films, due to the dominance of electron trapping over light scattering by Au NPs. The results suggest that metal NPs are potentially useful for improving the photoresponse in PEC cells and possibly in other devices such as solar cells based on QD-sensitized metal oxide nanostructured films. This work demonstrates that metal NPs can serve as light scattering centers, besides functioning as photo-sensitizers and electron traps. The function of metal NPs in a particular nanocomposite film is strongly dependent on their structure and morphology.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of different annealing conditions such as atmospheres, temperatures and times on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnS thin films prepared on ITO coated glass substrates by chemical bath deposition were studied.
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional (3D) ZnO nanodendrite (ND)/nanoparticle (NP) composite films have been synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using a wet chemical route.
Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) ZnO nanodendrite (ND)/nanoparticle (NP) composite films have been synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates using a wet chemical route. Aligned and high-density ZnO nanowires (NWs) are synthesized on the FTO substrate to be the trunks of the ND array by chemical bath deposition (CBD) in an aqueous solution of zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine. The branches of the NDs are subsequently formed on the surface of NWs using another CBD in an aqueous solution of zinc acetate and NaOH without any organic structure-directing agent and seed layer. ZnO NPs are further bottom-up grown within the interstices of the ZnO NDs using a base-free CBD method to form the 3D ZnO ND/NP composite film. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization and intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) measurements indicate that the 3D and quasi-signal-crystalline framework for fast electron transport are successfully constructed in the ZnO ND array. With an anode thickness of 3.5 μm, the efficiency of the D149-sensitized ZnO ND/NP composite DSSC is 3.74%, which is superior to that of the N719-sensitized TiO2 NP DSSC. IMPS measurements indicate that the dynamics of electron transport in the ZnO ND/NP composite DSSC are insensitive to light intensity and the electron transport rate in the ZnO ND/NP composite anode is enhanced by thirty-fold compared to that in the TiO2 NP anode. The superior electron transport properties in the ZnO ND/NP composite DSSC are ascribed to the 3D quasi-signal-crystalline framework of the ND array constructed in the composite anode.
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemosynthesis of nanocrystalline lead sulphide (PbS) thin films by a facile and cost-effective chemical bath deposition (CBD) method onto soda-lime glass substrates was reported.
TL;DR: The results show that the cell based on MACBD deposited TiO₂/CdS electrode achieves a maximum short circuit current density and power conversion efficiency, which is comparable to the ones prepared using conventional techniques.
Abstract: Sensitized-type solar cells based on TiO2 photoanodes and CdS quantum dots (QDs) as sensitizers have been studied. CdS QDs are grown on TiO2 films, utilizing one-step microwave assisted chemical ba...