Chemical binding

About: Chemical binding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1822 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52516 citations.

Chimeric Bacteriophages, Chimeric Phage-Like Particles, and Chimeric Phage Ghost Particles, Methods for Their Production and Use

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide chimeric phage-derived particles, that may be used as safe food grade vehicles to for presenting various factors (e.g. antigens, virulence proteins, receptors, ligands, etc.) for living cells. In addition to at least one normal phage or virus component the particles comprise at least one additional factor that is not encoded by the genetic material of the chimeric particle. Applications for such particles include, but are not limited to, vaccine development, pathogen neutralization, chemical binding and/or neutralization (e.g. toxins), and competitive exclusion. In addition, this technology may be used to extend the retention time of phage particles during phage therapy and/or specifically target a given particle for a biofilm.

Far-infrared spectroscopy of biomolecules

Abstract: Far-infrared spectra in the 20 – 500 cm-1region are presented for solid layers of L-alanine and several proteins. A special study is devoted to the spectroscopy of films of amino- acids, homopolypeptides and proteins which were cast from solutions of trifluoro-acetic acid for investigating the chemical binding of this strong denaturing agent to the biomolecules.

Organic-inorganic interface-induced multi-fluorescence of MgO nanocrystal clusters and their applications in cellular imaging

Abstract: Surface functionalization of inorganic nanomaterials through chemical binding of organic ligands on the surface unsaturated atoms, forming unique organic-inorganic interfaces, is a powerful approach for creating special functions for inorganic nanomaterials. Herein, we report the synthesis of hierarchical MgO nanocrystal clusters (NCs) with an organic-inorganic interface induced multi-fluorescence and their application as new alternative labels for cellular imaging. The synthetic method was established by a dissolution and regrowth process with the assistance of carboxylic acid, in which the as-prepared MgO NCs were modified with carboxylic groups at the coordinatively unsaturated atoms of the surface. By introducing acetic acid to partially replace oleic acid in the reaction, the optical absorption of the produced MgO NCs was progressively engineered from the UV to the visible region. Importantly, with wider and continuous absorption profile, those MgO NCs presented bright and tunable multicolor emissions from blue-violet to green and yellow, with the highest absolute quantum yield up to (33±1) %. The overlap for the energy levels of the inorganic-organic interface and low-coordinated states stimulated a unique fluorescence resonance energy transfer phenomenon. Considering the potential application in cellular imaging, such multi-fluorescent MgO NCs were further encapsulated with a silica shell to improve the water solubility and stability. As expected, the as-formed MgO@SiO2 NCs possessed great biocompatibility and high performance in cellular imaging.

In Situ Ellipsometry Analysis on Formation Process of Al2O3-Ta2O5 Films in Ion Beam Sputter Deposition

Abstract: Al 2 O 3 -Ta 2 O 5 thin films are known as highly corrosion-resistant materials for coatings. Here the formation process of Al 2 O 3 -Ta 2 O 5 films was analyzed by in situ ellipsometry during deposition by ion beam sputtering. Composite targets composed of Al 2 O 3 and Ta 2 O 5 plates were used for sputter deposition. During deposition, the formation process of thin films was monitored by a single-wavelength rotating analyzer ellipsometer attached to the sputtering system. The composition, the chemical binding states of constituent elements, and the depth profile of the elements of the films were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and auger-electron spectroscopy (AES), respectively. Ellipso-metric analysis showed that the thickness of the film increased linearly with time after short induction periods. The refractive index of the films increases with increasing tantalum cationic fraction. The extinction coefficient of the films was larger than those of single Al 2 O 3 and Ta 2 O 5 films. The XPS analysis showed that the preferential deposition of the Ta 2 O 5 component occurred in the induction period and the codeposition of Ta 2 O 5 and Al 2 O 3 in the linear growth stage. The AES analysis showed that the content of constituent elements was homogeneous from the top to the bottom of the films in the linear growth stage.