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Chemical binding

About: Chemical binding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1822 publications have been published within this topic receiving 52516 citations.


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TL;DR: Interestingly, based on the multiple disclosed compound classes and structural analysis of small‐molecule– MDM2 adducts, the p53–MDM2 complex is perhaps the best studied and most targeted protein–protein interaction.
Abstract: A recent therapeutic strategy in oncology is based on blocking the protein-protein interaction between the murine double minute (MDM) homologues MDM2/X and the tumor-suppressor protein p53. Inhibiting the binding between wild-type (WT) p53 and its negative regulators MDM2 and/or MDMX has become an important target in oncology to restore the antitumor activity of p53, the so-called guardian of our genome. Interestingly, based on the multiple disclosed compound classes and structural analysis of small-molecule-MDM2 adducts, the p53-MDM2 complex is perhaps the best studied and most targeted protein-protein interaction. Several classes of small molecules have been identified as potent, selective, and efficient inhibitors of the p53-MDM2/X interaction, and many co-crystal structures with the protein are available. Herein we review the properties as well as preclinical and clinical studies of these small molecules and peptides, categorized by scaffold type. A particular emphasis is made on crystallographic structures and the observed binding modes of these compounds, including conserved water molecules present.

80 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2003-Polymer
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of composites consisting of carbon particles bound together by poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was evaluated and a balanced beam scrape adhesion tester was used to evaluate the influence of carbon particle structure, the chemical properties of PVDF, and processing parameters of annealing temperature and casting solvent on the adhesion of the composite film to a copper substrate.

80 citations

01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: The findings suggest that pH effects on accumulation of ionizable compounds in fish are best described using a model that accounts for acidification of the gill surface, and measured plasma binding and volume of distribution data for humans, determined during drug development, may have considerable value for predicting chemical binding behavior in fish.
Abstract: A need exists to better understand the influence of pH on the uptake and accumulation of ionizable pharmaceuticals in fish. In the present study, fathead minnows were exposed to diphenhydramine (DPH; disassociation constant ¼9.1) in water for up to 96h at 3 nominal pH levels: 6.7, 7.7, and 8.7. In each case, an apparent steady state was reached by 24h, allowing for direct determination of the bioconcentration factor (BCF), blood-water partitioning (PBW,TOT), and apparent volume of distribution (approximated from the whole-body-plasmaconcentrationratio).TheBCFsand measuredPBW,TOTvaluesincreasedinanonlinearmannerwithpH,whereasthe volume of distribution remained constant, averaging 3.0 L/kg. The data were then simulated using amodel that accounts for acidification of the gill surface caused by elimination of metabolically produced acid. Good agreement between model simulations and measured data was obtained for all tests by assuming that plasma binding of ionized DPH is 16% that of the neutral form. A simpler model, which ignores elimination of metabolically produced acid, performed less well. These findings suggest that pH effects on accumulation of ionizable compounds in fish are best described using a model that accounts for acidification of the gill surface. Moreover, measured plasma binding and volume of distribution data for humans, determined during drug development, may have considerable value for predicting chemical binding behavior in fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;9999:1-11. # 2015 SETAC

80 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a combined experimental and modeling program approach was applied to evaluate the role of the carbon dioxide reactive component of soil gas on the long-term performance of cementitious wasteforms.
Abstract: A combined experimental and modeling program approach was applied to evaluate the role of the carbon dioxide reactive component of soil gas on the long-term performance of cementitious wasteforms. Small wasteforms were cast with Portland cement and synthetic wastewater containing metals and nitrate as a tracer. A series of wasteforms was exposed to an accelerated environment for carbonation and then subjected to transient leaching tests in deionized water. A second set of control wasteforms was not carbonated but was otherwise treated identically. Results are analyzed by comparison of experimental data with theoretical models of the leaching process. The results indicate that carbonation increases the apparent diffusion coefficient for unreactive species while resulting in chemical binding of metals through solid solution in calcite. For strontium, carbonation resulted in lower net leaching while leaching of calcium and nitrate was increased by carbonation.

79 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Partial least squares regression analysis showed that perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) were related to latitude according to their perfluorocarbon chain length, with longer chains associated with higher latitudes, suggesting the presence of mechanisms promoting higher prevalence of longer chained PFCAs in the north.

79 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20223
202178
202076
201989
201866
201769