Topic
Chemical state
About: Chemical state is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2378 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78183 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the tribological properties of the borate modified by N-containing compound were investigated with a four-ball tester and the boundary film on the rubbed surface was analyzed using a small area X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), the depth profiling XPS and the Auger electron spectroscopy (AES).
19 citations
TL;DR: A selection of ptychography results obtained in situ during the electrodeposition of a metal–polymer nanocomposite are reported, which includes dynamic imaging during electrochemically driven growth complemented with absorption and phase spectroscopy with high lateral resolution.
Abstract: Understanding the lateral variations in the elemental and chemical state of constituents induced by electrochemical reactions at nanoscales is crucial for the advancement of electrochemical materials science. This requires in situ studies to provide observables that contribute to both modeling beyond the phenomenological level and exactly transducing the functionally relevant quantities. A range of X-ray coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) approaches have recently been proposed for imaging beyond the diffraction limit with potentially dramatic improvements in time resolution with chemical sensitivity. In this paper, we report a selection of ptychography results obtained in situ during the electrodeposition of a metal–polymer nanocomposite. Our selection includes dynamic imaging during electrochemically driven growth complemented with absorption and phase spectroscopy with high lateral resolution. We demonstrate the onset of morphological instability feature formation and correlate the chemical state of Mn with the local growth rate controlled by the current density distribution resulting from morphological evolution.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the correlation between the binding energy of the inner electrons of sulphur and the chemical state and environment, with particular emphasis on the sulphur-oxygen bond, was established, which can be used for the estimation of charge on sulphur compounds with uncertain structure or composition.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the stability of the different oxidation states of antimony and the characterisation of the electronic interactions generated at the interface between substrate and deposited phase were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
19 citations
TL;DR: The idea of using chrono-conductometric measurements to determine the chemical states of the Ru nanoclusters on CuO supports is presented, allowing the investigation of surface charge behavior on oxide supported catalysts, in situ, during catalytic operation via conductometric measurements.
Abstract: Surface charge and charge transfer between nanoclusters and oxide supports are of paramount importance to catalysis, surface plasmonics, and optical energy harvesting areas. At present, high-energy X-rays and theoretical investigation are always required to determine the chemical state changes in the nanoclusters and the oxide supports, as well as the underlying transfer charge between them. This work presents the idea of using chrono-conductometric measurements to determine the chemical states of the Ru nanoclusters on CuO supports. Both icosahedral and single-crystal hexagonal close-packed Ru nanoclusters were deposited through gas-phase synthesis. To study the charge transfer phenomenon at the interface, a bias was applied to cupric oxide nanowires with metallic nanocluster decoration. In situ conductometric measurements were performed to observe the evolution of Ru into RuOx under heating conditions. Structural elucidation techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Kelvin probe force microscopy were employed to study the corresponding progression of structure, chemical ordering, and surface potential, respectively, as Ru(0) was oxidized to RuOx on the supporting oxide surface. Experimental and theoretical investigation of charge transfer between the nanocluster and oxide support highlighted the importance of metallic character and structure of the nanoclusters on the interfacial charge transfer, thus allowing the investigation of surface charge behavior on oxide-supported catalysts, in situ, during catalytic operation via conductometric measurements.
19 citations