Topic
Chemical state
About: Chemical state is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2378 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78183 citations.
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TL;DR: The complex equilibria in irradiated water-cooled nuclear fuel are discussed in this article, where thermochemical calculations have been performed to predict the chemical state of the fission products I, Cs, Te, Ba, Sr, Mo, Ru, Zr and rare earths in the fuel as a function of oxygen potential and temperature.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, thermal desorption spectroscopy and XPS were used to detect 0.01 monolayers of adsorbed carbon or oxygen and identify the chemical state of the atom(s).
105 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical composition and the chemical state of thin aluminium-oxide films grown by the dry, thermal oxidation of a bare Al(4-3-1) substrate at a partial oxygen pressure of 1.33×10−4 Pa in the temperature range of 373-773 K were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
105 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the core level, Auger, and valence band spectra for a commercial, high purity Mn2O3 powder were used to identify the Mn 2p3/2 peak positions.
Abstract: Manganese compounds have many applications in areas such as catalysis, electrochemistry, and metallurgy, among others. Distinguishing between the various chemical states of manganese is an important aspect of research in many of these areas. It has been shown that the different chemical states of manganese can be identified with XPS through the Mn 2p3/2 peak positions, Mn 2p1/2 satellite–Mn 2p1/2 peak separations, Mn 3s multiplet splittings, or Mn Auger parameters. To date, however, all of these values have not been available in a single reference. In this study, XPS has been used to obtain core level, Auger, and valence band spectra for a commercial, high purity Mn2O3 powder. This submission provides a reference that contains all of the Mn XPS data necessary for the identification of Mn2O3 and also provides information that may be useful for the analysis of other Mn compounds.
105 citations
TL;DR: Pulsed laser ablation of gold and silver in several liquids (mainly water, ethanol and chloroform) has been studied to obtain nanoparticle sols using a 532 nm, 5 ns radiation as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Pulsed laser ablation of gold and silver in several liquids (mainly water, ethanol and chloroform) has been studied to obtain nanoparticle sols using a 532 nm, 5 ns radiation. We observed the formation of metallic and non-metallic particles in the nanometre size range depending on the liquid used as environment. The chemical state of the formed nanoparticles depends mainly on the chemical reactivity of the liquid. Here we demonstrate the possibility of using this method to obtain nanocomposite polymer films.
105 citations