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Chemical state

About: Chemical state is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2378 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78183 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface physicochemical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified by magnesium and zinc ion implantation to doses of 1∙1015 and 1 ∼1016 ion/cm2 and energies of 24 and 30 kV, respectively, are described.
Abstract: The investigations of the surface physicochemical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified by magnesium and zinc ion implantation to doses of 1∙1015 and 1∙1016 ion/cm2 and energies of 24 keV (for Zn1.2+) and 30 keV (for Mg1.5+) are described. According to the TRIDYN modeling, the influence of ion irradiation on chemical and phase state as well as mechanical properties exceed the projective range of ions; therefore, during the ion implantation of PVA, the long-range effect take place due to radiation diffusion and thermal restructuring of the material. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that after ion beam treatment of polyvinyl alcohol, magnesium and zinc are in both metallic and oxidized states. Ion implantation leads to the significant change in the chemical state of the polyvinyl alcohol surface. The surface chemistry modification is assumed to be caused by thermal and radiation effects on the material. The surface morphology changes relate to both types of the implanted ions and depend on the implantation dose only. Surface morphology modification leads to the increase of free surface energy. Restructuring of polyvinyl alcohol is accompanied by an increase in the degree of crystallinity and, as a result, microhardness increasing.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the research activities at Kyushu University's Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580 Japan.
Abstract: 1) Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580 Japan. 2) Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan. 3) Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198 Japan. 4) Kyushu Synchrotron Light Research Center, 8-7 Yayoigaoka, Tosu-shi, Saga, 841-0005 Japan. 5) Advanced Technology Research Laboratories, Nippon Steel Corporation, 1-8, Fuso-Cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-0891 Japan. 6) Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580 Japan.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: P-type conductive Mn-N co-doped ZnO films were prepared by annealing N(+)-implanted Zn0.92Mn 0.08O films in a N2 ambient and the results indicate that all the samples were single phase and well oriented along the c-axis.
Abstract: P-type conductive Mn-N co-doped ZnO films were prepared by annealing N(+)-implanted Zn0.92Mn0.08O films in a N2 ambient. Effect of the annealing on the structural, surface morphological, electrical and local chemical states of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Hall-effect and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, respectively. The results indicate that all the samples were single phase and well oriented along the c-axis. The as-implanted samples were n-type semiconductors, while after thermal annealing at 650 degrees C ranging from 10 to 30 minutes, they were converted to p-type conductivity with the hole concentration of 10(16)-10(17) cm(-3). But with further increasing the annealing time or the temperature, it was observed that the p-type conductivity decreased and ultimately reverted to n-type conductivity again. The change of conductive type may be ascribed to the local chemical states evolution of nitrogen in the process of thermal annealing.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the x-ray intensities of the Kβ and KO lines relative to the Kα1, transition were measured with high accuracy for the pairs La2O3-La, SmS-Sm, Sm2O 3-Sm and Ta2O5-Ta.
Abstract: The x-ray intensities of the Kβ and KO lines relative to the Kα1, transition were measured with high accuracy for the pairs La2O3-La, SmS-Sm, Sm2O3-Sm and Ta2O5-Ta. The Kβ13 and Kβ24 lines do not show significant intensity shifts. However, the intensity of the KO line is in La2O3 (15.0 ±4.7)% higher, in SmS (6.9 ± 2.7)% lower and in Ta2O5 (12.5 ± 8.7)% higher than that emitted from the corresponding metal. These results can be reproduced by Dirac-Fock-calculations, where the KO-intensities show a typical dependence on the quantum numbers of the valence electrons. The observed shifts indicate a 4f-5d hybridization or promotion in metallic Lanthanum and suggest the missing of a 4f electron in metallic Samarium compared to the free atom.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors examined the complex chemical nature of nitrogen-ion-implanted conventional chromium films using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, Auger electron spectrographs, depth profiling and ion scattering spectrograms.

2 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202326
202249
202184
202089
201987
201894