Topic
Chemical state
About: Chemical state is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2378 publications have been published within this topic receiving 78183 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the structural and surface morphology of BZT thin films has been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the results showed that the random oriented BZTs thin film grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(1/0/0) substrate with a perovskite phase was crack-free.
31 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, chemical state analyses of heat-treated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers with a spatial resolution of 200nm were performed using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) at a third generation synchrotron radiation facility.
31 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the surface chemical and physical properties of aerosol particles have rarely been analyzed, despite the particles’ potential health impacts and interactions with gas in the atmosphere, despite their potential health impact and interaction with gas.
Abstract: Most aerosol chemical characterization studies to date involve bulk particle analysis. The surface chemical and physical properties of aerosol particles have rarely been analyzed, despite the particles’ potential health impacts and interactions with gas in the atmosphere. Aerosol particles ranging from 0.056 to 10 μm in size collected using a 10-stage impactor sampler from a busy walkway in a downtown area of Hong Kong were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), a technique providing both elemental and chemical state information about the particle surfaces. Six key elements were detected: nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and carbon (C). Carbon was the dominant species on the surfaces of all particles regardless of their sizes. A higher carbon concentration was found on the surfaces of the 0.056–0.32 μm particles. The N, Si, Ca, and O concentrations were higher on the surface of the 3.2–10 μm particles than in the smaller size fractions. Sulfur was mainly fo...
31 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that elemental boron powder with a purity of 95-99% can be produced using a high temperature molten salt electrowinning process using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
31 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) is used to determine thickness, composition and depth distribution information for ultrathin samples in the region of ∼5-10 nm.
Abstract: Using angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) it is possible to determine thickness, composition and depth distribution information for ultrathin samples in the region of ∼5-10 nm. With ARXPS determining both quantitative elemental information and chemical state information, it provides chemical state profiles from surface and buried layers non-destructively. This paper illustrates how ARXPS data can provide measurements of overlayer thickness and interface layer thickness for high-k dielectric layers on silicon. Elemental and chemical state depth distribution information is also provided in the form of reconstructed concentration profiles. Further examples are provided where ARXPS has been used to study the influence of surface pretreatment of the silicon substrate prior to deposition of hafnium oxide. It will be shown that the pretreatment determines whether a silicon oxide or silicate is formed.
31 citations