Topic
Chitin
About: Chitin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6590 publications have been published within this topic receiving 253993 citations.
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TL;DR: The synthesis of chitin during germ-tube formation in Candida albicans may be regulated by the first and last steps in theChitin pathway: namely l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase and chitIn synthase and this could account for the reported 5-fold increase in chit in content observed during the yeast to mycelial transformation.
Abstract: The synthesis of chitin during germ-tube formation in Candida albicans may be regulated by the first and last steps in the chitin pathway: namely l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase and chitin synthase. Induction of germ-tube formation with either glucose and glutamine or serum was accompanied by a 4-fold increase in the specific activity of the aminotransferase. Chitin synthase in C. albicans is synthesized as a proenzyme. N-acetyl glucosamine increased the enzymic activity of the activated enzyme 3-fold and the enzyme exhibited positive co-operativity with the substrate, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. Although chitin synthase was inhibited by polyoxin D (Ki =1.2μM) this antibiotic did not affect germination. During germ-tube formation the total chitin synthase activity increased 1.4-fold and the expressed activity (in vivo activated proenzyme) increased 5-fold. These results could account for the reported 5-fold increase in chitin content observed during the yeast to mycelial transformation.
83 citations
Patent•
20 Nov 1997TL;DR: In this paper, microcapsules involving a wall of chitin derivatives or polyhydroxylated polyamines or one of their salts, with the wall sheathing a hydrophobic substance, are prepared by forming a hydrophic phase emulsion of the hydrophilic substance in an aqueous phase containing an anionic surfactant capable of causing insolubilization.
Abstract: Microcapsules involving a wall of chitin or chitin derivatives or of polyhydroxylated polyamines or one of their salts, with the wall sheathing a hydrophobic substance, are prepared by forming a hydrophobic phase emulsion of the hydrophobic substance in an aqueous phase containing an anionic surfactant capable of causing insolubilization of chitosan or chitosan derivatives or polyhydroxylated polyamines, mixing the emulsion with a chitosan or chitosan derivative or polyhydroxylated polyamine organic salt so as to cause the coacervation of the chitosan or the chitosan derivatives or the polyhydroxylated polyamines around the droplets of the hydrophobic phase, subjecting the chitosan or chitosan derivative or the polyhydroxylated polyamine coacervate to an acetylation or crosslinking reaction and recovering the microcapsules, and are applicable to cosmetic compositions incorporating sunscreens.
83 citations
TL;DR: The present results suggest that the dietary supplementation of chitin and chitosan stimulates the hematological and immunological parameters in E. bruneus against V. alginolyticus infection.
83 citations
TL;DR: This novel chitinase with antifungal activity was characterized from a native Serratia marcescens B4A, revealing a potential application for the industry with potentially exploitable significance and implying that difference in chitinolytic ability must result from the subsite structure in the enzyme binding cleft.
83 citations
TL;DR: Gilthead seabream head-kidney leucocytes were able to phagocytose chitin particles smaller than 10 microM, and the main cellular innate immune activities were enhanced as a consequence of prior incubation with chit in particles.
83 citations