scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Chitin

About: Chitin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6590 publications have been published within this topic receiving 253993 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that efficient chitin degradation additionally depends on the action of a small non-catalytic protein, CBP21, which binds to the insoluble crystalline substrate, leading to structural changes in the substrate and increased substrate accessibility.

339 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that some members of the CBM33 family cleave crystalline cellulose as demonstrated by chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses of soluble products released from Avicel or filter paper on incubation with CelS2, a CBM 33‐containing protein from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).
Abstract: Bacterial proteins categorized as family 33 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM33) were recently shown to cleave crystalline chitin, using a mechanism that involves hydrolysis and oxidation. We show here that some members of the CBM33 family cleave crystalline cellulose as demonstrated by chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses of soluble products released from Avicel or filter paper on incubation with CelS2, a CBM33-containing protein from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). These enzymes act synergistically with cellulases and may thus become important tools for efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Fungal proteins classified as glycoside hydrolase family 61 that are known to act synergistically with cellulases are likely to use a similar mechanism.

338 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experiments with appropriate mutants showed that synthesis of the chitin combined with glucan is catalyzed by chit in synthetase 3, implying that chitInase can hydrolyze the linkage between N-acetylglucosamine and glucose.

336 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For chitosan, antimicrobial activity increased with increasing DD, and was stronger against bacteria than against fungi, and the shelf life was extended from 5 days to 9 days.
Abstract: The effects of the deacetylation degree (DD) and preparation methods for chitosan on antimicrobial activity were evaluated Chemically prepared chitin (CH-chitin) and microbiologically prepared chitin (MO-chitin) were obtained from shrimp shells The CH-chitin and MO-chitin were further chemically deacetylated to obtain various chitosan products of which their DD ranged from low (47–53%) through medium DD (74–76%) to high (95–98%) In addition, MO-chitin was deacetylated also by various proteases The antimicrobial activities of these products were evaluated in medium with pH 60 Neither the CH-chitin, MO-chitin nor protease-deacetylated chitinous products showed any antimicrobial activity For chitosan, antimicrobial activity increased with increasing DD, and was stronger against bacteria than against fungi The minimal lethal concentrations (MLC) of chitosan with a high DD against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, and V parahaemolyticus were all in the range of 50–200 ppm, whereas the MLC against Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum were 200 ppm and 500 ppm, respectively No antifungal activity was found at 2000 ppm against Aspergillus fumigatus or A parasiticus Pretreatment of fish fillets (Oncorhynchus nereka) with 1% chitosan solution (high DD) for 3 h retarded the increase in the volatile basic nitrogen content, as well as the counts for mesophiles, psychrotrophs, coliforms, Aeromonas spp, and Vibrio spp The shelf life was consequently extended from 5 days to 9 days

334 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarises latest advances in the analysis of chitin synthesis regulation in the context of fungal pathogenesis and describes how this plays a role in the activation and attenuation of immune responses to fungi and other chitIn-containing parasites.

333 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Cellulose
59K papers, 1.4M citations
87% related
Enzyme
32.8K papers, 1.1M citations
81% related
Amino acid
124.9K papers, 4M citations
80% related
Fermentation
68.8K papers, 1.2M citations
80% related
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
32.1K papers, 1.6M citations
80% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023434
2022868
2021271
2020354
2019333
2018271