Topic
Chitin
About: Chitin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6590 publications have been published within this topic receiving 253993 citations.
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TL;DR: Chitin and chitosan characteristics were depending upon the chitin source, and α-chitins were more crystalline polymorph than β-chITin.
281 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that this loss of performance is due to the partial destruction of the three-dimensional network of chitin whiskers assumed to be present in the unmodified composites.
279 citations
TL;DR: At least three pathways co‐ordinated by the PKC, HOG MAP kinase and Ca2+/calcineurin signalling pathways co-ordinated chitin synthesis and activation of chit in synthesis operates at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels.
Abstract: Chitin is an essential component of the fungal cell wall and its synthesis is under tight spatial and temporal regulation. The fungal human pathogen Candida albicans has a four member chitin synthase gene family comprising of CHS1 (class II), CHS2 (class I), CHS3 (class IV) and CHS8 (class I). LacZ reporters were fused to each CHS promoter to examine the transcriptional regulation of chitin synthesis. Each CHS promoter had a unique regulatory profile and responded to the addition of cell wall damaging agents, to mutations in specific CHS genes and exogenous Ca2+. The regulation of both CHS gene expression and chitin synthesis was co-ordinated by the PKC, HOG MAP kinase and Ca2+/calcineurin signalling pathways. Activation of these pathways also resulted in increased chitin synthase activity in vitro and elevated cell wall chitin content. Combinations of treatments that activated multiple pathways resulted in synergistic increases in CHS expression and in cell wall chitin content. Therefore, at least three pathways co-ordinately regulate chitin synthesis and activation of chitin synthesis operates at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
278 citations
TL;DR: The evidence indicates that chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives are beneficial for the wound healing process and also indicate that some nano-based materials from chitIn and chitOSan are beneficial than chit in and chITosan for wound healing.
Abstract: Chitin (β-(1-4)-poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) is widely distributed in nature and is the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose. It is often converted to its more deacetylated derivative, chitosan. Previously, many reports have indicated the accelerating effects of chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives on wound healing. More recently, chemically modified or nano-fibrous chitin and chitosan have been developed, and their effects on wound healing have been evaluated. In this review, the studies on the wound-healing effects of chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives are summarized. Moreover, the development of adhesive-based chitin and chitosan are also described. The evidence indicates that chitin, chitosan, and its derivatives are beneficial for the wound healing process. More recently, it is also indicate that some nano-based materials from chitin and chitosan are beneficial than chitin and chitosan for wound healing. Clinical applications of nano-based chitin and chitosan are also expected.
276 citations
TL;DR: Chitosan is a cationic polyelectrolyte obtained after N-deacetylation of chitin by alkaline treatment as mentioned in this paper, and the adsorption and interaction between chitosin layers have been investigated.
Abstract: Chitosan is a cationic polyelectrolyte obtained after N-deacetylation of chitin by alkaline treatment. The adsorption of chitosan and the interaction between chitosan layers have been investigated ...
276 citations