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Chitin

About: Chitin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6590 publications have been published within this topic receiving 253993 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation at the molecular levels revealed that structural factors such as larger surface area of the beads resulted from microporous-network structure, low crystallinity of cellulose/chitin beads and high hydrophilicity induced by hydrophilic skeleton of cellulOSE played an important role in increasing adsorption ability.

259 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Jul 1986-Cell
TL;DR: Three CHS1 gene disruption experiments were performed, demonstrating that strains with the disrupted gene have a recognizable phenotype, lack measurable chitin synthase activity in vitro but are viable, contain normal levels of chitIn in vivo, and mate and sporulate efficiently.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The new model of chitin accounts properly for known chemical and physical properties, including the infrared absorption as well as for x-ray data, but because of the limited resolution of the diffraction patterns it can only be regarded as a good approximation.
Abstract: A detailed model for the crystal structure of the fibrous polysaccharide chitin is proposed. The structure determination has been carried out by using an optical analogue instrument which proved to be an adequate and rapid tool for the derivation of Fourier transforms, signs of amplitudes and the production of optical Fourier syntheses. The new model of chitin accounts properly for known chemical and physical properties, including the infrared absorption as well as for x-ray data, but because of the limited resolution of the diffraction patterns it can only be regarded as a good approximation. The stereochemical configuration of the polysaccharide chains has certain implications for the structure of cellulose.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Chitin and chitosan derivatives are used as excipients and drug carriers in the pharmaceutical field and their derivatization contributed to expansion of application and decrease toxicity.
Abstract: Chitin and chitosan derivatives are used as excipients and drug carriers in the pharmaceutical field. Their derivatization contributed to expansion of application and decrease toxicity. Chitosan is used as an excipient in oral dosage form. Chitosan tablet can exhibit a sustained drug release compared to commercial products. Films prepared using chitin or chitosan have been developed as wound dressings, oral mucoadhesive and water-resisting adhesive by virtue of their release characteristics and adhesion. Intratumoral administration of gadopentetic acid-chitosan complex nanoparticles (approximately 430 nm in diameter) has been more effective for gadolinium neutron-capture therapy compared with a group treated with the solution. Compared to intragastrical feeding with diphtheria toxoid (DT) in PBS, a strong enhancement of the systemic (IgG) and local (IgA) immune responses against DT has been observed in mice fed with DT loaded chitosan microparticles (approximately 4.7 microm in size). When DNA-loaded chitosan microspheres (1.15 - 1.28 microm) were intramuscularly administrated into mice, high beta-galactosidase and luciferase productions were obtained even after a long post-transfection period (12 weeks). N-Succinyl-chitosan (Suc-Chi) has been studied for cancer chemotherapy as a drug carrier and the conjugates of mitomycin C with Suc-Chi exhibited good antitumor activities against various tumors. Furthermore, trimethyl-chitosan and monocarboxymethyl-chitosan has been shown to be effective as intestinal absorption enhancers due to their physiological properties. Chitosan-thioglycolic acid conjugates has been found to be a promising candidate as scaffold material in tissue engineering due to their physicochemical properties. This review summarizes the application of chitin and chitosan derivatives for hospital preparations and drug carriers.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Attention was given to how chitosan, either applied externally or released by fungal inoculum, is transferred into plant cells and its subsequent action upon membrane and/or chromatin components.

257 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023434
2022868
2021271
2020354
2019333
2018271