Topic
Chitinase
About: Chitinase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4690 publications have been published within this topic receiving 161786 citations. The topic is also known as: 1,4-beta-poly-N-acetylglucosaminidase & poly-beta-glucosaminidase.
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83 citations
TL;DR: Using a colored substrate assay, chitinase activity was detected in various grapevine tissues such as winter-resting stem inter-nodes, roots, berries and leaves, resulting in the appearance of four new acidic isoforms which have also been identified in berry extracts.
83 citations
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that M. anisopliae uses enzymes expressed at low levels to sense the nature of the polymeric nutrient present in the immediate environment and that wild-type levels of chitinase are not limiting for cuticle penetration.
82 citations
TL;DR: Soil application of biocontrol agents in combination with chitin induced a significant increase in the activities of peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chit inase and b-1,3-glucanase in coconut palms infected with Ganoderma lucidum.
Abstract: The effect of soil application of biocontrol agents (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum) in combination with chitin on induction of phenolics and defense enzymes in coconut roots infected with Ganoderma lucidum, the causal agent of Ganoderma disease, was investigated. Soil application of these biocontrol formulations in combination with chitin induced a significant increase in the activities of peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinase and b-1,3-glucanase in the G. lucidum infected palms. Activities of both PAL and PO reached maximum levels within 3 d while the activity of PPO reached the maximum level 6 d after application of a mixture of P. fluorescens, T. viride and chitin. Isozyme analysis revealed that unique PO3 and PPO2 isozymes were induced in coconut palms treated with P. fluorescens + T. viride + chitin. Accumulation of phenolics was recorded 3 d after treatment and reached maximum levels 9 d after treatment application. Activity of chitinase was significantly increased from the third day after treatment imposition and continued to increase up to 9 to 12 d in all treatments. Chitinase isozyme analysis revealed that a unique Chit3 isoform was induced in coconut roots treated with P. fluorescens + T. viride + chitin. The b-1,3-glucanase activity was maximum 9 d after treatment application. The mechanisms by which P. fluorescens + T. viride + chitin reduced the incidence of Ganoderma disease in coconut may be related to its ability to induce defense mechanisms in coconut palms.
82 citations
TL;DR: Korean Bacillus circulans No.4.1 produced a high level of chitinase when cells were grown in tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.3% colloidal ch itin at 35°C for 5 days.
Abstract: Bacillus circulans No.4.1 produced a high level of chitinase when cells were grown in tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.3% colloidal chitin at 35 degrees C for 5 days. Purification was carried out by protein precipitation with 80% saturation ammonium sulfate, anion-exchange chromatography with DEAE-Sephacel, and gel filtration with Sephadex G-100, sequentially. The purified enzyme could be demonstrated as a single band on SDS-PAGE, estimated to be 45 kDa. This enzyme could hydrolyze colloidal chitin, purified chitin, glycol chitin, carboxymethyl-chitin (CM-chitin), and 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-N,N'-diacetylchitobioside [4-MU-(GlcNAc)(2)]. The optimal conditions for this chitinase were pH 8.0 and 40 degrees C. The isoelectric point of the chitinase was 5.1. The amino acid composition of the purified chitinase was determined. The initial 20 amino acid residues of the N-terminal were found to be alanine (A), proline (P), tryptophan (W), asparagine (N), serine (S), lysine (K), glycine (G), asparagine (N), tyrosine (Y), alanine (A), leucine (L), proline (P), tyrosine (Y), tyrosine (Y), arginine (R), glycine (G), alanine (A), tryptophan (W), alanine (A), and valine (V). Knowledge of these properties of chitinase from B. circulans No. 4.1 should be useful in the development of genetically engineered Bacillus sp. as biopesticides.
82 citations