Topic
Chitinase
About: Chitinase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4690 publications have been published within this topic receiving 161786 citations. The topic is also known as: 1,4-beta-poly-N-acetylglucosaminidase & poly-beta-glucosaminidase.
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TL;DR: The potential role of chitin, chit inases, and chitInase-like proteins in pediatric lung diseases is summarized and discussed.
Abstract: Chitin, after cellulose, the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, is a key component of insects, fungi, and house-dust mites. Lower life forms are endowed with chitinases to defend themselves against chitin-bearing pathogens. Unexpectedly, humans were also found to express chitinases as well as chitinase-like proteins that modulate immune responses. Particularly, increased levels of the chitinase-like protein YKL-40 have been associated with severe asthma, cystic fibrosis, and other inflammatory disease conditions. Here, we summarize and discuss the potential role of chitin, chitinases, and chitinase-like proteins in pediatric lung diseases.
59 citations
TL;DR: Under greenhouse conditions, amendments of chitin and CFCW along with isolate CRB20 significantly enhanced plant height, fresh weight, number of fruits per plant and average weight of fruit compared to the untreated control.
59 citations
TL;DR: Three selected strains of Bacillus thuringiensis native to Mexico produced endochitinases, chitobiosidases, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidases in a medium containing colloidal chitin as a main carbon source.
Abstract: Three selected strains of Bacillus thuringiensis native to Mexico produced endochitinases, chitobiosidases, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidases in a medium containing colloidal chitin as a main carbon source. Two types of chitinases were clearly identified: endochitinases and chitobiosidases. Chromosomal location of a chitinase gene in B. thuringiensis LBIT-82 was resolved.
59 citations
TL;DR: Northern blot analysis of RNA from infected rice plants indicated that transcripts corresponding to this chitinase gene were induced upon fungal infection, and some cultivars that were moderately resistant to R. solani appeared to have higher levels of specific isozymes.
Abstract: Extracts from several rice cultivars (Oryza saliva L. cvs IR58, 74586 and SC33) infected with the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, were analyzed to determine the isozyme distribution of chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) and β-1,3-glucanases (EC 3.2.1.39). Upon infection by the fungal pathogen, two chitinases of 28 and 35 kDa and two β-1,3-glucanases of 30 and 32 kDa were shown to be induced in all cultivars. They resolved into multiple isozymes under nondenaturing electrophoretic conditions. Wounding, but not bacterial infection, resulted in the induction of these hydrolytic enzymes. Even though fungal infection resulted in induction of chitinases and β-glucanases in all cultivars, some cultivars that were moderately resistant to R. solani appeared to have higher levels of specific isozymes. A chitinase cDNA clone was identified by screening a library, prepared from RNA isolated from R. solani-infected rice plants, with an antibody to a bean chitinase. This cDNA encoded a 35-kDa chitinase which was significantly different in amino acid sequence from other rice chitinases described so far. Northern blot analysis of RNA from infected rice plants indicated that transcripts corresponding to this chitinase gene were induced upon fungal infection.
59 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the initial products from the digestion of [ 3 H]chitin indicated that all the isozymes were endo in action, with oligomers from the dimer up to at least the decamer being evident in the digests; minor differences were observed between the iszymes in the relative proportions of the oligomeric products.
59 citations