scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Chromosome

About: Chromosome is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17538 publications have been published within this topic receiving 660077 citations. The topic is also known as: chromosomes & GO:0005694.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1982-Cell
TL;DR: The scaffolding protein pattern that is reproducibly generated following treatment with Cu2+ is composed primarily of two high molecular weight proteins--Sc1 and Sc2 (170,000 and 135,000 daltons).

380 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although this method has been demonstrated in tomato, it should be applicable to any sexually reproducing organism for which segregating populations are being used to construct genetic linkage maps.
Abstract: We present a general method for isolating molecular markers specific to any region of a chromosome using existing mapping populations. Two pools of DNA from individuals homozygous for opposing alleles for a targeted chromosomal interval, defined by two or more linked RFLP markers, are constructed from members of an existing mapping population. The DNA pools are then screened for polymorphism using random oligonucleotide primers and PCR (1). Polymorphic DNA bands should represent DNA sequences within or adjacent to the selected interval. We tested this method in tomato using two genomic intervals containing genes responsible for regulating pedicle abscission (jointless) and fruit ripening (non-ripening). DNA pools containing 7 to 14 F2 individuals for each interval were screened with 200 random primers. Three polymorphic markers were thus identified, two of which were subsequently shown to be tightly linked to the selected intervals. The third marker mapped to the same chromosome (11) but 45 cM away from the selected interval. A particularly attractive attribute of this method is that a single mapping population can be used to target any interval in the genome. Although this method has been demonstrated in tomato, it should be applicable to any sexually reproducing organism for which segregating populations are being used to construct genetic linkage maps.

379 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
02 Jun 1989-Cell
TL;DR: It is shown that in intact cells, two distinct types of ribosomal chromatin coexist in Friend cells, one that contains nucleosomes and represents the inactive copies and one that lacks a repeating structure and corresponds to the transcribed genes.

376 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown here that an overhang of the strand forming the 3′ ends of the chromosomes, the G‐rich strand, is found at mammalian chromosome ends, and that these overhangs may be considerably larger than previously anticipated.
Abstract: In virtually all eukaryotic organisms, telomeric DNA is composed of a variable number of short direct repeats. While the primary sequence of telomeric repeats has been determined for a great variety of species, the actual physical DNA structure at the ends of a bona fide metazoan chromosome with a centromere is unknown. It is shown here that an overhang of the strand forming the 3' ends of the chromosomes, the G-rich strand, is found at mammalian chromosome ends. Moreover, on at least some telomeres, the overhangs are > or = 45 bases long. Such surprisingly long overhangs were present on chromosomes derived from fully transformed tissue culture cells and normal G0-arrested peripheral leukocytes. Thus, irrespective of whether the cells were actively dividing or arrested, a very similar terminal DNA arrangement was found. These data suggest that the ends of mammalian and possibly all vertebrate chromosomes consist of an overhang of the G-rich strand and that these overhangs may be considerably larger than previously anticipated.

376 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
03 Aug 2007-Science
TL;DR: This work completely replaced the genome of a bacterial cell with one from another species by transplanting a whole genome as naked DNA into Mycoplasma capricolum cells by polyethylene glycol–mediated transformation.
Abstract: As a step toward propagation of synthetic genomes, we completely replaced the genome of a bacterial cell with one from another species by transplanting a whole genome as naked DNA. Intact genomic DNA from Mycoplasma mycoides large colony (LC), virtually free of protein, was transplanted into Mycoplasma capricolum cells by polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation. Cells selected for tetracycline resistance, carried by the M. mycoides LC chromosome, contain the complete donor genome and are free of detectable recipient genomic sequences. These cells that result from genome transplantation are phenotypically identical to the M. mycoides LC donor strain as judged by several criteria.

375 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Gene
211.7K papers, 10.3M citations
88% related
Mutation
45.2K papers, 2.6M citations
87% related
Locus (genetics)
42.7K papers, 2M citations
86% related
Exon
38.3K papers, 1.7M citations
86% related
Mitosis
26.2K papers, 1.3M citations
84% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023862
20221,198
2021368
2020359
2019365