Topic
Circular polarization
About: Circular polarization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15201 publications have been published within this topic receiving 234418 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, generalized Snell-Descartes and Fresnel laws are derived for harmonic inhomogeneous plane waves that are incident upon a static interface between two continuous absorbing dielectric media that are macroscopically characterized by their electric and magnetic permittivities and their conductivities.
Abstract: Generalized Snell–Descartes and Fresnel laws are derived for harmonic inhomogeneous plane waves that are incident upon a static interface between two continuous absorbing dielectric media that are macroscopically characterized by their electric and magnetic permittivities and their conductivities. A coordinate-free formalism based on complex vector algebra is used to carry out all discussions. Surprisingly, the usual complex Snell–Descartes laws for reflection and refraction and Fresnel laws for polarization are recovered only in the special case in which the vector characterizing the direction of inhomogeneity is in the plane of incidence. In the more general case a new deflection angle between planes of incidence and refraction has to be introduced. An experiment is proposed to test this prediction. A generalized form of the TE and TM modes (with respect to the interface), which are elliptically polarized and which are called parallel electric and parallel magnetic modes, also emerges.
73 citations
TL;DR: A heterodyne interferometric system based on optical polarization is described, which uses a simple rotating analyzer as the frequency shifter and the theory and the potential errors are analyzed.
Abstract: A heterodyne interferometric system based on optical polarization is described. The method uses a simple rotating analyzer as the frequency shifter. The theory and the potential errors of the system are analyzed.
73 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the optimum linear combination channels for an N-receptor polarization-sensitive imaging or vision system were found by using a principal-components analysis, where the channels that are derived are optimum in the sense that their information contents are uncorrelated when considered over the ensemble of possible polarization signals.
Abstract: The optimum linear combination channels for an N-receptor polarization-sensitive imaging or vision system are found by using a principal-components analysis. The channels that are derived are optimum in the sense that their information contents are uncorrelated when considered over the ensemble of possible polarization signals. For a two-receptor system, the optimum channels are shown to be the sum and the difference of the outputs of the individual receptors. As a corollary, the optimal arrangement of the two receptors is shown to be a mosaic of identical, orthogonally aligned linear polarization analyzers. The implications of these results on the development of a representational scheme for polarization information are discussed.
73 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new design of a circular microstrip antenna with three feeds for wideband circular polarization is presented, which is composed of two circular patches and the primary radiating patch under the parasitic patch is excited by three feeds.
Abstract: New design of a circular microstrip antenna with three feeds for wideband circular polarization is presented Detailed theoretical analysis proves that a circular microstrip antenna, which is excited by three central symmetrical feeds with equal amplitudes and relative 120° phase shifts, can obtain good circular polarization characteristic A broadband 120° phase shifter is developed using the metamaterial transmission line (MM TL) It consists of a Wilkinson power divider and three phase-adjusting TLs, namely a MM TL and two microstrips The antenna is composed of two circular patches The primary radiating patch under the parasitic patch is excited by three feeds The proposed antenna can provide an impedance bandwidth of 5475% and a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 4788% The 3-dB gain bandwidth is as large as 40%, with the peak gain 88 dBic In addition, the measured and simulated symmetrical radiation patterns are in good agreement
73 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the polarization measurements of 1665-, 1667- and 1720-MHz OH masers in the bipolar outflow source W75N are presented. And the magnetic field strength measured from Zeeman pairs of opposite circular polarization ranges from 2 8 toa 8 mG with a field reversal on opposite sides of the disc.
Abstract: MERLIN polarization measurements of 1665-,1667- and 1720-MHz OH masers in the bipolar outflow source W75N are presented. The OH masers are distributed over a region 5 arcsec across (10 000 au at 2 kpc), which is elongated in a north-west‐ south-east (NW ‐SE) direction. The distribution is interpreted in terms of a rotating disc orthogonal to the bipolar outflow that is seen in CO and H2. A compact cluster of OH masers with a large velocity spread appears to mark the source of the outflow. Most of the OH masers detected have strong circular polarization up to 100 per cent. Seven Zeeman groups are identified, including the first example of a complete Zeeman triplet (two s-components and one p-component). The field strength measured from Zeeman pairs of opposite circular polarization ranges from 2 8 toa 8 mG, with a field reversal on opposite sides of the disc. This is interpreted in terms of a toroidal component of the magnetic field in the disc. Linear polarization is also detected in many of the OH masers with some 1665-MHz masers showing up to 100 per cent linear polarization. The polarization position angles are preferentially along the direction of the bipolar outflow or perpendicular to it. The polarization data lend support to the twisted magnetic field model originally proposed by Uchida & Shibata.
73 citations