Topic
Circular polarization
About: Circular polarization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15201 publications have been published within this topic receiving 234418 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a polarization-sensitive optical coherence-domain reflectometer capable of characterizing the phase retardation between orthogonal linear polarization modes at each reflection point in a birefringent sample is presented.
Abstract: We present a polarization-sensitive optical coherence-domain reflectometer capable of characterizing the phase retardation between orthogonal linear polarization modes at each reflection point in a birefringent sample. The device is insensitive to the rotation of the sample in the plane perpendicular to ranging. Phase measurement accuracy is ±0.86°, but the reflectometer can distinguish local variations in birefringence as small as 0.05° with a distance resolution of 10.8 μm and a dynamic range of 90 dB. Birefringence-sensitive ranging in a wave plate, an electro-optic modulator, and a calf coronary artery is demonstrated.
621 citations
TL;DR: This work demonstrated experimentally an 11-fold enhancement over CPL in discrimination of the enantiomers of a biperylene derivative by precisely sculpted electromagnetic fields, establishing that optical chirality is a fundamental and tunable property of light, with possible applications ranging from plasmonic sensors to absolute asymmetric synthesis.
Abstract: A molecule or larger body is chiral if it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image (enantiomer). Electromagnetic fields may be chiral, too, with circularly polarized light (CPL) as the paradigmatic example. A recently introduced measure of the local degree of chiral dissymmetry in electromagnetic fields suggested the existence of optical modes more selective than circularly polarized plane waves in preferentially exciting single enantiomers in certain regions of space. By probing induced fluorescence intensity, we demonstrated experimentally an 11-fold enhancement over CPL in discrimination of the enantiomers of a biperylene derivative by precisely sculpted electromagnetic fields. This result, which agrees to within 15% with theoretical predictions, establishes that optical chirality is a fundamental and tunable property of light, with possible applications ranging from plasmonic sensors to absolute asymmetric synthesis.
576 citations
TL;DR: In the long-wavelength limit, above-threshold ionization (ATI) is primarily the result of the interaction of a newly freed electron with the laser field as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In the long-wavelength limit, above-threshold ionization (ATI) is primarily the result of the interaction of a newly freed electron with the laser field. Classical physics requires that linearly and circularly polarized light produce very different ATI spectra. Measurements performed using both linearly and circularly polarized, picosecond, 10-\ensuremath{\mu}m pulses confirm these conclusions.
576 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for generating circularly polarized radiation from an array composed of linearly polarized elements having unique angular and phase arrangements is presented, which can significantly reduce the complexity, weight, and RF loss of the array feed.
Abstract: A method is presented for generating circularly polarized radiation from an array composed of linearly polarized elements having unique angular and phase arrangements. With this technique the complexity, weight, and RF loss of the array feed can be significantly reduced, especially in a large array. This uniquely formed array has the capability of generating excellent circular polarization (CP) over a relatively wide frequency bandwidth. In addition, the array is capable of scanning its main beam in the principal planes to relatively wide angles from its broadside direction without serious degradation to its CP quality. Another feature of this uniquely arranged array is a reduction in the occurrence of mutual coupling. The discussion in this paper places special emphasis on the microstrip type of radiator, although the technique presented can be adapted to most types of linearly polarized antenna elements.
508 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the nature of random coupling between normal modes of polarization is analyzed and discussed in connection with various applications, such as fibers with very small or very large birefringence for polarization dependent applications.
Abstract: Recent research on fibers with very small or very large birefringence for polarization-dependent applications is reviewed. The nature of random coupling between normal modes of polarization is analyzed and discussed in connection with various applications.
501 citations