Class (philosophy)

About: Class (philosophy) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 821 publications have been published within this topic receiving 28000 citations.

On the benefits and problems of the object-oriented paradigm including a finnish study

Abstract: ion is when a client of a module doesn’t need to know more than what is in the interface. The object is in other words an entity that is clearly delimited from its environment, although objects of course have contact with the environment (Taylor, 1992, p. 47). One main difference between an object and a module is that an object rarely operates in isolation, and at runtime an object-oriented information system can usually be seen as a network of communicating objects, which cooperate to achieve the overall functionality of the information system (Mikhajlov, 1999, p. 32). Note that although objects and classes are different things the concept of an ‘object’ is often, in reality, used to mean the class description itself; as a result there are, for example, ‘object models’ meaning class descriptions and ‘account objects’ meaning instances of an “Account” class (Cockburn, 1998, p. 5). An object can also consist of other objects; objects that contain other objects are called composite objects. However, in many systems composite objects have reference variables to other objects, so they do not actually ‘consist’ of other objects. (Taylor, 1992, p. 44) Composite objects can have objects that are also composite, and this type of nesting can go on (Taylor, 1992, p. 47). An object is defined in several ways in Webster’s Encyclopaedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language: One definition (quotation): Anything that is visible or tangible and is stable in form. Another definition (quotation): Anything that might be apprehended intellectually. A third definition (quotation): A thing, person, or matter to which thought or action is directed. Martin & Odell (1992, p. 16) define an object in the following way (quotation): An object is any thing, real or abstract, about which we store data and those methods that manipulate the data.

Starlike Functions of Complex Order with Respect to Symmetric Points Defined Using Higher Order Derivatives

Abstract: In this paper, we introduce and study a new subclass of multivalent functions with respect to symmetric points involving higher order derivatives. In order to unify and extend various well-known results, we have defined the class subordinate to a conic region impacted by Janowski functions. We focused on conic regions when it pertained to applications of our main results. Inclusion results, subordination property and coefficient inequality of the defined class are the main results of this paper. The applications of our results which are extensions of those given in earlier works are presented here as corollaries.

Progressive Learning of Category-Consistent Multi-Granularity Features for Fine-Grained Visual Classification

Abstract: Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) is much more challenging than traditional classification tasks due to the inherently subtle intra-class object variations. Recent works are mainly part-driven (either explicitly or implicitly), with the assumption that fine-grained information naturally rests within the parts. In this paper, we take a different stance, and show that part operations are not strictly necessary – the key lies with encouraging the network to learn at different granularities and progressively fusing multi-granularity features together. In particular, we propose: (i) a progressive training strategy that effectively fuses features from different granularities, and (ii) a consistent block convolution that encourages the network to learn the category-consistent features at specific granularities. We evaluate on several standard FGVC benchmark datasets, and demonstrate the proposed method consistently outperforms existing alternatives or delivers competitive results. Codes are available at https://github.com/PRIS-CV/PMG-V2 .