Topic
Coal
About: Coal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 93353 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1018918 citations. The topic is also known as: pitcoal.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: In this article, the utilization of fly ash in construction, as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds, flue gas and metals, light weight aggregate, mine back fill, road sub-base, and zeolite synthesis is discussed.
2,117 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a new formula for calculating when fossil fuel reserves are likely to be depleted and developed an econometrics model to demonstrate the relationship between fossil fuel reserve and some main variables.
1,744 citations
••
TL;DR: The rate-determining step in the oxidation of iron pyrite and the formation of acidity in streams associated with coal and copper mines isThe oxidation of ferrous iron, and effective pollution abatement necessitates control ling this reaction.
Abstract: The rate-determining step in the oxidation of iron pyrite and the formation of acidity in streams associated with coal and copper mines is the oxidation of ferrous iron. Effective pollution abatement necessitates control ling this reaction.
1,655 citations
••
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of CO2 capture in coal-fired combustion plants can be found in this article, where the status of the technology development and assessments providing comparisons with other power generation options, and suggests research needs.
1,450 citations
••
TL;DR: It is shown that development of resources in the Arctic and any increase in unconventional oil production are incommensurate with efforts to limit average global warming to 2 °C, and policy makers’ instincts to exploit rapidly and completely their territorial fossil fuels are inconsistent with this temperature limit.
Abstract: Policy makers have generally agreed that the average global temperature rise caused by greenhouse gas emissions should not exceed 2 °C above the average global temperature of pre-industrial times. It has been estimated that to have at least a 50 per cent chance of keeping warming below 2 °C throughout the twenty-first century, the cumulative carbon emissions between 2011 and 2050 need to be limited to around 1,100 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide (Gt CO2). However, the greenhouse gas emissions contained in present estimates of global fossil fuel reserves are around three times higher than this, and so the unabated use of all current fossil fuel reserves is incompatible with a warming limit of 2 °C. Here we use a single integrated assessment model that contains estimates of the quantities, locations and nature of the world's oil, gas and coal reserves and resources, and which is shown to be consistent with a wide variety of modelling approaches with different assumptions, to explore the implications of this emissions limit for fossil fuel production in different regions. Our results suggest that, globally, a third of oil reserves, half of gas reserves and over 80 per cent of current coal reserves should remain unused from 2010 to 2050 in order to meet the target of 2 °C. We show that development of resources in the Arctic and any increase in unconventional oil production are incommensurate with efforts to limit average global warming to 2 °C. Our results show that policy makers' instincts to exploit rapidly and completely their territorial fossil fuels are, in aggregate, inconsistent with their commitments to this temperature limit. Implementation of this policy commitment would also render unnecessary continued substantial expenditure on fossil fuel exploration, because any new discoveries could not lead to increased aggregate production.
1,404 citations