scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Cognitive decline

About: Cognitive decline is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 29308 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1174689 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A systematic search of the literature on the psychometric properties and validity of the IQCODE was carried out using three databases as mentioned in this paper, which showed that the questionnaire has high reliability and measures a single general factor of cognitive decline.
Abstract: Background and aims: The IQCODE is widely used as a screening test for dementia, particularly where the subject is unable to undergo direct cognitive testing or for screening in populations with low levels of education and literacy. This review draws together research on the psychometric properties and validity of the IQCODE. Method: A systematic search of the literature was carried out using three databases. Results: The review shows that the questionnaire has high reliability and measures a single general factor of cognitive decline. It validly reflects past cognitive decline, performs at least as well at screening as conventional cognitive screening tests, predicts incident dementia, and correlates with a wide range of cognitive tests. A particular strength is that the IQCODE is relatively unaffected by education and pre-morbid ability or by proficiency in the culture's dominant language. The disadvantage of the IQCODE is that it is affected by informant characteristics such as depression and anxiety in the informant and the quality of the relationship between the informant and the subject. Conclusions: Because the IQCODE provides information complementary to brief cognitive tests, harnessing them together can improve screening accuracy.

632 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A power analysis revealed that FDG-ROI values have greater statistical power than ADAS-cog to detect attenuation of cognitive decline in AD and MCI patients.

628 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current models of pathogenesis do not explain the origin of the common sporadic forms of these diseases or address the critical nexus between aging and disease, so potential approaches to unifying the systems biology of the aging brain with the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration are discussed.
Abstract: Aging is accompanied by cognitive decline in a major segment of the population and is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and other prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. Despite this central role in disease pathogenesis and morbidity, the aging of the brain has not been well understood at a molecular level. This review seeks to integrate what is known about age-related cognitive and neuroanatomical changes with recent advances in understanding basic molecular mechanisms that underlie aging. An important issue is how normal brain aging transitions to pathological aging, giving rise to neurodegenerative disorders. Toxic protein aggregates have been identified as potential contributory factors, including amyloid β-protein in Alzheimer's disease, tau in frontotemporal dementia, and α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. However, current models of pathogenesis do not explain the origin of the common sporadic forms of these diseases or address the critical nexus between aging and disease. This review ...

627 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Three white matter-mediated neural system hypotheses of aging brain structure and function are proposed: the anteroposterior gradient, bilateral recruitment of brain systems via the corpus callosum for frontally based task execution, and frontocerebellar synergism.

624 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The burgeoning of interest in the elderly and the massive expansion of clinical and research work in the field of dementia in the eighties led to a widely expressed need for the development of criteria to categorize a group of subjects with memory problems falling short of dementia, and the suggested criteria have proved controversial.
Abstract: In 1962, based on a study of nursing home residents, Kral suggested a distinction between benign and malignant senescent forgetfulness, the latter evolving to dementia and early death and the former remaining relatively static. Although this concept was never operationally described or validated, it clearly rang true with those working with the nascent specialty of geriatric psychiatry and rapidly entered standard textbooks on the subject. The burgeoning of interest in the elderly and the massive expansion of clinical and research work in the field of dementia in the eighties led to a widely expressed need for the development of criteria to categorize a group of subjects with memory problems falling short of dementia. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) responded with the formation of a working group that published its suggested criteria for what Crook et al. (1986) called “age-associated memory impairment” (AAMI). Although some of the detailed components of these criteria have proved controversial, the term has been increasingly quoted in relevant literature and has given rise to specific studies. It has led to wide discussion, and related entities have been incorporated both in the draft of DSM-IV (as “aging-associated cognitive decline [AACD]” [American Psychiatric Association, 1993], an “additional condition that may be the focus of clinical attention”) and in the research criteria for ICD-10 (World Health Organization, 1993), where it is potentially classifiable under FO6.7 Mild Cognitive Disorder, although this does not specifically give aging as a cause. In arriving at our provisional criteria we have drawn to a great degree on these and other related publications that we are pleased to acknowledge.

623 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Alzheimer's disease
21K papers, 1.7M citations
96% related
Dementia
72.2K papers, 2.7M citations
95% related
Prefrontal cortex
24K papers, 1.9M citations
84% related
Hippocampus
34.9K papers, 1.9M citations
84% related
Stroke
112.7K papers, 3.7M citations
83% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023914
20221,895
20213,389
20202,982
20192,551
20182,022