Cognitive network

About: Cognitive network is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4213 publications have been published within this topic receiving 107093 citations.

OSI systems and network management

Abstract: Data communications standards to allow exchange of information between two application processes in different heterogeneous computing environments have been developed by International Standards groups. With the development of these standards, the need for managing the communications protocols was realized as part of both the Internet and OSI standards suites. This article addresses the network management paradigm developed as part of OSI standards. The OSI network management application includes three different aspects: categories of network management, a protocol that specifies the structure for transferring network management information, and information models that define resource-specific management information for the specific management functions. These three aspects will be described in this article. Network management functions are grouped into five categories: configuration, fault, performance, security, and accounting. The resource is managed to accomplish these functions. These five categories have been used not only in OSI network management but also in specifying the management functions for telecommunications network. These five categories are briefly discussed in the paper. The protocol structure for OSI network management is defined as an application service element known as CMISE. Regardless of the resource being managed, the protocol defines a basic set of operations applicable to network management. The article discusses the semantics of the various operations and the parameters associated with each operation. Using the structure defined by the protocol, for the various management functions, information is modeled to represent the managed resource. Object-oriented principles are used in defining information models. An introduction to these principles is provided. The management information exchanged is a combination of the three aspects. As part of OSI network management, information models to represent communication entities have been developed. An example is shown to illustrate the exchanged message for a management function. The article reiterates the three aspects and points out the advantages offered by this network management paradigm.

Multi-Armed Bandit Channel Access Scheme With Cognitive Radio Technology in Wireless Sensor Networks for the Internet of Things

Abstract: The wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the key enablers for the Internet of Things (IoT), where WSNs will play an important role in future internet by several application scenarios, such as healthcare, agriculture, environment monitoring, and smart metering. However, today’s radio spectrum is very crowded for the rapid increasing popularities of various wireless applications. Hence, WSN utilizing the advantages of cognitive radio technology, namely, cognitive radio-based WSN (CR-WSN), is a promising solution for spectrum scarcity problem of IoT applications. A major challenge in CR-WSN is utilizing spectrum more efficiently. Therefore, a novel channel access scheme is proposed for the problem that how to access the multiple channels with the unknown environment information for cognitive users, so as to maximize system throughput. The problem is modeled as I.I.D. multi-armed bandit model with $M$ cognitive users and $N$ arms ( $M ). In order to solve the competition and the fairness between cognitive users of WSNs, a fair channel-grouping scheme is proposed. The proposed scheme divides these channels into $M$ groups according to the water-filling principle based on the learning algorithm UCB-K index, the number of channels not less than one in each group and then allocate channel group for each cognitive user by using distributed learning algorithm fairly. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme cannot only effectively solve the problem of collision between the cognitive users, improve the utilization rate of the idle spectrum, and at the same time reflect the fairness of selecting channels between cognitive users.

Cooperative multi-hop relaying via network formation games in cognitive radio networks

Abstract: The cooperation between the primary and the secondary users has attracted a lot of attention in cognitive radio networks. However, most existing research mainly focuses on the single-hop relay selection for a primary transmitter-receiver pair, which might not be able to fully explore the benefit brought by cooperative transmissions. In this paper, we study the problem of multi-hop relay selection by applying the network formation game. In order to mitigate interference and reduce delay, we propose a cooperation framework FTCO by considering the spectrum sharing in both the time and the frequency domain. Then we formulate the multi-hop relay selection problem as a network formation game, in which the multi-hop relay path is computed via performing the primary player's strategies in the form of link operations. We also devise a distributed dynamic algorithm PRADA to obtain a global-path stable network. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical experiments and our results indicate that cooperative multi-hop relaying can significantly benefit both the primary and the secondary network, and that the network graph resulted from our PRADA algorithm can achieve the global-path stability.