Collision avoidance system

About: Collision avoidance system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1788 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23667 citations.

Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System for Violations (CICAS-V) for Prevention of Violation-Based Intersection Crashes

Abstract: Intersection crashes account for 1.72 million crashes per year in the United States. In 2004 stop-sign and traffic signal violations accounted for approximately 302,000 crashes resulting in 163,000 functional life-years lost and $7.9 billion of economic loss. The objective of the Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System for Violations (CICAS-V) project was to design, develop, and test a prototype system to prevent crashes by predicting stop-sign and signal-controlled intersection violations and warning the violating driver. The intersection portion of the system consists of a signal controller capable of exporting signal phase and timing information, a local global positioning system (GPS), and Roadside Equipment (RSE) that includes computing, memory, and Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) radio. The vehicle portion of the system includes onboard equipment for computing and 5.9 GHz DSRC radio connected to the vehicle controller area network (CAN), positioning, and the Driver-Vehicle Interface (DVI). The intersection sends the signal phase and timing, positioning corrections, and a small map (< 1 kb) to the vehicle. The vehicle receives this information and, based on speed and distance to the stop location, predicts whether or not the driver will violate. If a violation is predicted, the driver is warned via a visual/auditory/haptic brake pulse DVI. The system was installed in the vehicles of five Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs): Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Honda, and Toyota. Intersections were equipped in California, Michigan, and Virginia. Tests of the system included both on-road and test-track evaluations. System performance was excellent and recommendations were made for continuing with a large field operational test (FOT). The system can be installed at any intersection with sufficient positioning coverage and in any vehicle with an electronic stability system. This system constitutes the first FOT-ready Vehicle Infrastructure Integration safety application. The full text of this paper may be found at: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv21/09-0118.pdf For the covering abstract see ITRD E145407.

Collision probability calculation apparatus for vehicle and collision avoidance system using the same

Abstract: A collision probability calculation apparatus capable of accurately calculating a collision probability that one's own vehicle will collide with an object around the own vehicle (referred to as a nearby object). In the apparatus, a position of the nearby object and a traveling speed and a traveling direction of the own vehicle are acquired. A collision probability map is generated on the basis of the traveling speed and traveling direction of the own vehicle. A width of a traveling lane of the own vehicle is acquired and the map is corrected in response to the width of the traveling lane. Thereafter, a collision probability associated with the position of the nearby object is corrected in response to the position of the nearby object. The corrected collision probability is outputted as a more accurate collision probability that the own vehicle will collide with the nearby object.

Evaluation of a Road-Departure Crash Warning System

Abstract: This report presents the results of an independent evaluation of the Road-Departure Crash Warning System (RDCW), which is designed to warn drivers when they are drifting out of their lane or about to enter a curve at an unsafe speed. The RDCW lateral-drift-warning subsystem monitors a vehicle’s lane position and lateral speed, and alerts the driver when the vehicle is in danger of departing the road or lane. The RDCW curve-speed-warning subsystem monitors vehicle speed and upcoming road curvature and alerts the driver when the vehicle is in danger of losing control in an upcoming curve. The goal of the RDCW is to improve automotive safety by helping drivers avoid road-departure crashes, but this can only occur if the system is useful and drivers respond to it. The RDCW Field Operational Test (FOT) collected 130,000 km of driving data from 78 participants to evaluate the performance, driver acceptance, and safety benefits of the RDCW. The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute conducted the test. Visteon Corporation built the FOT vehicles and Assistware Corporation developed the RDCW lateral-drift-warning subsystem. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) sponsored the FOT to determine if the RDCW will help reduce road-departure crashes in the United States. The Volpe National Transportation Systems Center of the U.S. DOT’s Research and Innovative Technology Administration, under agreement with NHTSA, independently evaluated the RDCW.

Autonomous rear-end collision avoidance using an electric power steering system

Abstract: A step towards fully autonomous vehicles can be achieved by autonomous collision avoidance. This paper presents the development and implementation of a rear-end collision avoidance system which consists of novel linear threat assessment, projected escape path planning with non-zero initial condition, reference generation and linear path control by an electric steering actuator using dynamic inversion. The linear threat assessment continuously calculates threat metrics associated with collision avoidance by either steering or braking. The escape path planner continuously estimates a path with constraints on the peak lateral acceleration and the required lateral deviation. The reference generator then estimates the states for avoidance according to the available friction. Linear state feedback control is applied for path following to avoid a collision in both straight-road scenarios and curved-road scenarios. The proposed approach is evaluated in simulations, and in practice on a C-segment Ford vehicle. A u...

Collision avoidance system providing a vector signal representative of the distance and bearing between a prime vehicle and target object at a predicted closest point of approach therebetween

Abstract: Radar and associated apparatus track the course of neighboring target vehicles and display closest points of approach between the prime vehicle and the target vehicles to signal potential collisions sufficiently in advance to avoid them, may enter a proposed maneuvering change for the prime vehicle into the apparatus, and the apparatus displays whether the proposed change will present any collision situations.