Combustor

About: Combustor is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 57580 publications have been published within this topic receiving 492450 citations. The topic is also known as: burner & combustion chamber.

Fuel transfer system for multiple concentric shaft gas turbine engines

Abstract: A fuel pumping and transfer system for a multiple concentric shaft gas turbine engine which has the capability to handle contaminated or slurry fuels. The fuel is introduced into the innermost shaft at any desired low pressure thereby eliminating the need for a high pressure fuel pump. Fuel is introduced through a rotating fuel tube disposed within the inner shaft of the engine. The centrifugal force caused by rotation of the shafts causes the fuel to be collected against the inner wall of the shaft creating a centrifugal pressure dam. As the fuel passes from one collection region to the next the differential pressure between the inner shaft region and the combustor increases sufficiently to provide proper combustion.

Vibration-damping combustor wall structure

Abstract: The burner chamber wall extends from the chamber inlet (12) to the turbine (20) which has in this area Helmholtz dampers formed with a multi-cellular structure and set at least in some areas on the burner chamber wall (18) and/or on the front panel. The multi-cellular structure can be formed by mats and the structure of the dampers can be of different sizes. The number of cells of the structure is preferably between 10000 and 30000. At least one part of the Helmholtz dampers is cooled by a cooling air stream.

Low NOx aspirated burner apparatus

Abstract: A low NOx burner assembly of a fuel-fired heating appliance is supplied with an air/fuel mixture having a substantially less than stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio. The air-rich mixture is partially combusted to create primary combustion products disposed within an open inlet portion of a combustor structure having a catalytic converter operatively positioned within an open outlet portion thereof spaced apart from its open inlet portion. A flow of aspirating air is introduced into the combustor structure between the inlet and outlet portions thereof. The aspirating air mixes with the primary combustion products, cools them, and flows with them outwardly through the catalytic converter. This essentially completes the combustion of the remaining fuel within the cooled primary combustion products, and does so at a temperature not appreciably greater than the initial combustion flame temperature to thereby substantially reduce NOx emissions without the use of flame quenching techniques. The burner assembly is representatively illustrated as being incorporated in several types of forced air heating furnaces, but could also be used in other types of fuel-fired heating appliances such as boilers and water heaters.

Numerical Predictions of Idle Power Emissions From Gas Turbine Combustors

Abstract: Numerical analyses of two existing gas turbine combustors gave predictions of idle power emissions. The calculated exit emissions of unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) are compared to engine test data. For the first combustor, the effects of varying fuel flow on the UHC and CO emissions were investigated while liner cooling flow changes were examined in the second combustor. A fully elliptic three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics code based on pressure correction techniques was employed to model the flow field inside the combustor. Fuel injection was handled using a Lagrangian liquid droplet spray model coupled to the gas phase equations. The combustion model consists of a two-step global reaction mechanism with reaction rates computed using a modified eddy-breakup technique. The numerical algorithm employs non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates and the standard k-e turbulence model. The results for the first combustor agree well with the test measurements. The baseline result for the second combustor shows good agreement with test data. Predicted effects of cooling flow changes agree with trends from past experience of idle power emissions.Copyright © 1993 by ASME

Progress Towards an Optimization Methodology for Combustion-Driven Portable Thermoelectric Power Generation Systems

Abstract: There is enormous military and commercial interest in developing quiet, lightweight, and compact thermoelectric (TE) power generation systems. This paper investigates design integration and analysis of an advanced TE power generation system implementing JP-8 fueled combustion and thermal recuperation. In the design and development of this portable TE power system using a JP-8 combustor as a high-temperature heat source, optimal process flows depend on efficient heat generation, transfer, and recovery within the system. The combustor performance and TE subsystem performance were coupled directly through combustor exhaust temperatures, fuel and air mass flow rates, heat exchanger performance, subsequent hot-side temperatures, and cold-side cooling techniques and temperatures. Systematic investigation and design optimization of this TE power system relied on accurate thermodynamic modeling of complex, high-temperature combustion processes concomitantly with detailed TE converter thermal/mechanical modeling. To this end, this paper reports integration of system-level process flow simulations using CHEMCAD™ commercial software with in-house TE converter and module optimization, and heat exchanger analyses using COMSOL™ software. High-performance, high-temperature TE materials and segmented TE element designs are incorporated in coupled design analyses to achieve predicted TE subsystem-level conversion efficiencies exceeding 10%. These TE advances are integrated with a high-performance microtechnology combustion reactor based on recent advances at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Predictions from this coupled simulation approach lead directly to system efficiency–power maps defining potentially available optimal system operating conditions and regimes. Further, it is shown that, for a given fuel flow rate, there exists a combination of recuperative effectiveness and hot-side heat exchanger effectiveness that provides a higher specific power output from the TE modules. This coupled simulation approach enables pathways for integrated use of high-performance combustor components, high-performance TE devices, and microtechnologies to produce a compact, lightweight, combustion-driven TE power system prototype that operates on common fuels.