Complementary DNA

About: Complementary DNA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 55301 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2752650 citations. The topic is also known as: cDNA & DNA, Complementary.

Isolation of candidate cDNAs for portions of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene

Abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and the less severe Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are human X-linked muscle-wasting disorders that have been localized to the band Xp21 by genetic linkage analysis1–9 and cytologically detectable abnormalities10–12. A cloned DNA segment, DXS164 (or pERT87), has been shown to detect deletions in the DNA of unrelated DMD and BMD males13–15. Here we present the nucleotide sequence of two highly conserved DNA fragments from the DXS164 locus and their homologous sequences from the mouse X chromosome. One of the human conserved segments hybridized to a large transcript in RNA isolated from human fetal skeletal muscle and was used to isolate cDNA clones which cover approximately 10% of this transcript. The cDNA clones map to Xp21 and hybridize with a minimum of eight small regions that span 130 kilobases (kb) of the DXS164 locus. These expressed sequences are candidates for portions of the gene responsible for both DMD and BMD.

Cloning of human androgen receptor complementary DNA and localization to the X chromosome.

Abstract: The androgen receptor (AR) mediates the actions of male sex steroids. Human AR genomic DNA was cloned from a flow-sorted human X chromosome library by using a consensus nucleotide sequence from the DNA-binding domain of the family of nuclear receptors. The AR gene was localized on the human X chromosome between the centromere and q13. Cloned complementary DNA, selected with an AR-specific oligonucleotide probe, was expressed in monkey kidney (COS) cells and yielded a high-affinity androgen-binding protein with steroid-binding specificity corresponding to that of native AR. A predominant messenger RNA species of 9.6 kilobases was identified in human, rat, and mouse tissues known to contain AR and was undetectable in tissues lacking AR androgen-binding activity, including kidney and liver from androgen-insensitive mice. The deduced amino acid sequence of AR within the DNA-binding domain has highest sequence identity with the progesterone receptor.

PECAM-1 (CD31) cloning and relation to adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily

Abstract: An antibody to a platelet integral membrane glycoprotein was found to cross-react with the previously identified CD31 myelomonocytic differentiation antigen and with hec7, an endothelial cell protein that is enriched at intercellular junctions. This antibody identified a complementary DNA clone from an endothelial cell library. The 130-kilodalton translated sequence contained six extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains and was most similar to the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) subgroup of the Ig superfamily. This is the only known member of the CAM family on platelets. Its cell surface distribution suggests participation in cellular recognition events.

Prediction of the Coding Sequences of Unidentified Human Genes. X. The Complete Sequences of 100 New cDNA Clones from Brain Which Can Code for Large Proteins in vitro

Abstract: In this series of projects of sequencing human cDNA clones which correspond to relatively long transcripts, we newly determined the entire sequences of 100 cDNA clones which were screened on the basis of the potentiality of coding for large proteins in vitro. The cDNA libraries used were the fractions with average insert sizes from 5.3 to 7.0 kb of the size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain. The randomly sampled clones were single-pass sequenced from both the ends to select clones that are not registered in the public database. Then their protein-coding potentialities were examined by an in vitro transcription/translation system, and the clones that generated proteins larger than 60 kDa were entirely sequenced. Each clone gave a distinct open reading frame (ORF), and the length of the ORF was roughly coincident with the approximate molecular mass of the in vitro product estimated from its mobility on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The average size of the cDNA clones sequenced was 6.1 kb, and that of the ORFs corresponded to 1200 amino acid residues. By computer-assisted analysis of the sequences with DNA and protein-motif databases (GenBank and PROSITE databases), the functions of at least 73% of the gene products could be anticipated, and 88% of them (the products of 64 clones) were assigned to the functional categories of proteins relating to cell signaling/communication, nucleic acid managing, and cell structure/motility. The expression profiles in a variety of tissues and chromosomal locations of the sequenced clones have been determined. According to the expression spectra, approximately 11 genes appeared to be predominantly expressed in brain. Most of the remaining genes were categorized into one of the following classes: either the expression occurs in a limited number of tissues (31 genes) or the expression occurs ubiquitously in all but a few tissues (47 genes).