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Conductance
About: Conductance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8088 publications have been published within this topic receiving 235961 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the sensing ability of metallic carbon nanotubes toward various gas species (NO2, NH3, CO, H2O, and CO2) was investigated via ab initio calculations and nonequilibrium Green's Functions technique, focusing on the salient features of the interaction between molecules and oxygenated-defective tubes.
Abstract: The sensing ability of metallic carbon nanotubes toward various gas species (NO2, NH3, CO, H2O, and CO2) is investigated via ab initio calculations and Nonequilibrium Green's Functions technique, focusing on the salient features of the interaction between molecules and oxygenated-defective tubes. As the adsorption/desorption of molecules induces modulations on the electrical conductivity of the tube, the computation of the electron quantum conductance can be used to predict gas detection. Indeed, the analysis of the conductance curve in a small energy range around the Fermi energy reveal that oxygenated-defective nanotubes are sensitive to NO2, NH3, CO, and H2O, but not to CO2. Molecular selectivity can also be provided by the nature of the charge transfer.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the conductance of oriented C60 molecules on Au(111) and Cu(100) was investigated using a low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscope, and a remarkable dependence of spectra of the differential conductance on the adsorption orientation was observed for Au( 111) that is almost absent for Cu( 100).
Abstract: The conductance of oriented C60 molecules on Au(111) and Cu(100) was investigated using a low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscope. A remarkable dependence of spectra of the differential conductance on the adsorption orientation is observed for Au(111) that is almost absent for Cu(100). For C60 adsorbed on Au(111), the spatial distribution of the three lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals is revealed by maps of the differential conductance.
66 citations
TL;DR: The large conductance enhancement induced by the formation of the stable PTZ radical molecule will lead to promising applications in single-molecule electronics and spintronics.
Abstract: We studied the single-molecule conductance through an acid oxidant triggered phenothiazine (PTZ-) based radical junction using the mechanically controllable break junction technique. The electrical conductance of the radical state was enhanced by up to 200 times compared to the neutral state, with high stability lasting for at least two months and high junction formation probability at room-temperature. Theoretical studies revealed that the conductance increase is due to a significant decrease of the HOMO–LUMO gap and also the enhanced transmission close to the HOMO orbital when the radical forms. The large conductance enhancement induced by the formation of the stable PTZ radical molecule will lead to promising applications in single-molecule electronics and spintronics.
65 citations
TL;DR: Bimolecular films of egg phosphatidyl choline, cholesterol and n -decane supported on a teflon vessel have been bulged under a hydrostatic pressure so as to vary their areas by as much as ten times, showing that the film capacitance varies linearly with its area.
65 citations
TL;DR: Correlations between the values found for R and DeltaG and properties characteristic of salt and solvent are discussed, andThermodynamic derivations are independent of model.
Abstract: Earlier theories of electrolytic conductance are reviewed; all of these, with the exception of the Arrhenius-Ostwald theory, are based on physical models. Their theory failed to describe the conductance of strong electrolytes because it did not include the effects (then unsuspected) of long-range forces on mobility. Thermodynamic derivations are independent of model; applied to the postulated equilibrium A(+) + B(-) right arrow over left arrow A(+)B(-) between free ions and nonconducting paired ions, the thermodynamic pairing constant K(a) equals a(p)/(a+/-)(2), and DeltaG, the difference in free energy between paired ions (activity = a(p)) and free ions (activity = a(+/-)), equals (-RT ln K(a)). Converting to the molarity scale, K(a) = (1000 rho/M)[1 - gamma)/cy(2)(y(+/-))(2)]. Here rho is the density of the solvent of molecular weight M, c is stoichiometric concentration of electrolyte (mol/liter), gamma is the fraction of solute present as unpaired ions, and y(+/-) is their activity coefficient. The corresponding conductance function Lambda = Lambda(c;Lambda(0),R, big up tri, openG)involves three parameters: Lambda(0), the limiting equivalent conductance; R, the sum of the radii of the cospheres of the ions; and DeltaG. Conductance data for cesium bromide and for lithium chloride in water/dioxane mixtures and for the alkali halides in water are analyzed to determine these parameters. Correlations between the values found for R and DeltaG and properties characteristic of salt and solvent are then discussed.
65 citations