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Conductance

About: Conductance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8088 publications have been published within this topic receiving 235961 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, molar conductance data are exploited to ascertain electrolytic and non-electrolytic nature of metal complexes, which can provide brief insights into their nature and composition.
Abstract: Molar conductance studies of electrolytic solutions have always been exciting for chemists. The studies of electrolytic behavior of metal complex solutions provide brief insights into their nature and composition. These studies provide a clue of the number of ions present in a particular solution responsible for the conduction of electric current and, thereby, quite significant structural information can be obtained. Molar conductance data are exploited to ascertain electrolytic and non-electrolytic nature of metal complexes. Attempts have been made to summarize molar conductance ranges of metal complexes in various solvents, which might prove useful to researchers and academia. Besides, molar conductance data have been applied to predict geometries of metal complexes. Moreover, efforts have been made to discuss the applications of conductance data for the estimation of the size of structurally relevant complexes. In addition, molar conductance has been applied to determine metal-ligand stoichiometry. Fin...

157 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present study strongly suggests that the olfactory receptor potential is generated by an increase in the membrane conductance to alkali metal ions.
Abstract: 1. Ionic selectivity of the conductance activated by n-amyl acetate (odorant-activated conductance) was analysed in isolated olfactory receptor cells under the whole-cell voltage clamp condition. 2. Solitary receptor cells had a resting membrane potential of -44.7 +/- 7.0 mV (mean +/- S.D.; n = 70). Application of 10 mM-n-amyl acetate caused a depolarizing response in about 30% of the cells. Sensitivity to the odorant was maximum at around the apical dendrite. 3. Odorant induced an inward current to cells voltage clamped at their resting potential and bathed in the standard medium. The response amplitude was voltage dependent, and the polarity reversed at +2.5 +/- 2.2 mV (n = 6). The I-V relation was almost linear at membrane potentials more positive than -20 mV, with an average slope of 3.14 +/- 1.59 nS (measured at 0 mV), but showed a marked outward rectification at voltages more negative than -30 mV. 4. Removal of external Ca2+ increased the amplitude of the odorant-induced current and prolonged response duration, but did not cause a significant change on the reversal potential. Thus, Ca2+ affected the kinetics of the conductance, but did not seem to be a dominant charge carrier in the physiological condition. 5. Reduction of external Na+ concentration [( Na+]o) (replaced with choline) shifted the reversal potential by about 57 mV per 10-fold change of [Na+]o. Removal of external Cl- (replaced with glutamate ions) did not affect the reversal potential. 6. The odorant-activated conducting channels were permeable to all alkali metal ions. The permeability ratios were: PLi:PNa:PK:PRb:PCs = 1.25:1:0.98:0.84:0.80. 7. The present study strongly suggests that the olfactory receptor potential is generated by an increase in the membrane conductance to alkali metal ions.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The large changes in conductance observed upon varying the surface charge density and the ionic strength agree with those predicted by the Gouy-Chapman theory for an aqueous diffuse double layer.
Abstract: Bilayer membranes, formed from various phospholipids, were studied to assess the influence of the charge of the polar head groups on the membrane conductance mediated by neutral „carriers” of cations and anions. The surface charge of an amphoteric lipid, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, was altered by varying the pH, and the surface charge of several lipids was screened by increasing the ionic strength of the solution with impermeant monovalent and divalent electrolytes. The surface charge should be a key parameter in defining the membrane conductance for a variety of permeation mechanisms; conductance measurements in the presence of carriers may be used to estimate the potential difference, due to surface charge, between the interior of the bilayer and the bulk aqueous phase. The large changes in conductance observed upon varying the surface charge density and the ionic strength agree with those predicted by the Gouy-Chapman theory for an aqueous diffuse double layer. Explicit expressions for the dependence of the membrane conductance on the concentrations of the carrier, the permeant ion, the surface charge density, and the ionic strength are presented.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a heuristic model is constructed by combining some fundamental experimental observations with kinetic predictions of the barrier layer theory of adsorption, which results in identification of the physical mechanisms responsible for the complex kinetics and long time constants.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, simultaneous measurements of conductance and work function changes induced by gaseous ambient have been performed on α-Fe2O3 thick film polycrystalline samples.
Abstract: The simultaneous measurements of conductance and work function changes induced by gaseous ambient have been performed on α-Fe2O3 thick film polycrystalline samples kept at 280 °C and exposed to different gaseous atmospheres. The switching from n- to p-type conductivity on α-Fe2O3 is shown to have an electronic origin, which is due to the oxygen adsorption and formation of a surface inversion layer and, therefore, to the inversion of the surface conduction type. The modeling of the n–p switching is described in terms of conductance dependence on the band bending induced by gaseous ambient.

156 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023457
2022828
2021154
2020158
2019172
2018168