Connotation

About: Connotation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2096 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8265 citations.

Study on the Connotation and Evaluation Index System of Resource-efficient Society

Abstract: It is of great importance to build an evaluation index system for the construction of resource-efficient society. With fully understanding connotation of resource-efficient society, in this paper, the concept and connotation of resource-efficient society was explained. An evaluation index system of resource-efficient society was built - the "543 index system", including five kinds of resources, four processes of resource circle utilization, three layers and 70 indexes in total. An evaluation frame of quantifying single index and synthesizing multiple index is put forward. We explore the connotation of the resource-efficient society and build an evaluation index system, thus grading the resource-efficient society can be done.

Modeling Word Emotion in Historical Language: Quantity Beats Supposed Stability in Seed Word Selection

Abstract: To understand historical texts, we must be aware that language—including the emotional connotation attached to words—changes over time. In this paper, we aim at estimating the emotion which is associated with a given word in former language stages of English and German. Emotion is represented following the popular Valence-Arousal-Dominance (VAD) annotation scheme. While being more expressive than polarity alone, existing word emotion induction methods are typically not suited for addressing it. To overcome this limitation, we present adaptations of two popular algorithms to VAD. To measure their effectiveness in diachronic settings, we present the first gold standard for historical word emotions, which was created by scholars with proficiency in the respective language stages and covers both English and German. In contrast to claims in previous work, our findings indicate that hand-selecting small sets of seed words with supposedly stable emotional meaning is actually harm- rather than helpful.

Translation and body-part terms: The case of Cheshm 'eye' in Persian

Abstract: Translating body-part terms from one language to another presents a significant challenge due to the fact that such terms are usually associated with cultural conceptualisations, such as those of emotions and mental activities, which in many cases vary across languages. A literal translation of a body-part term from SL to TL, therefore, may alter the conceptual basis of the term, which may have significant semantic or pragmatic implications. This paper focuses on the case of cheshm ‘eye’ in Persian, a body-part term that is predominantly associated with emotions, including love, envy, and greed, as well as character traits such as naivety or wilfulness. The analysis of some Persian expressions that are associated with the body-part term ‘eye’ reveal significant differences with the connotation of ‘eye’ in English. For example, the conceptualisation of understanding is seeing, is not a dominant conceptualisation in everyday use of language by Persian speakers. There are, however, some words which do refer to the process of visual perception and which are mainly used in association with thinking. These expressions seem to be reminiscent of a historical cultural conceptualisation that can be traced back to the Pahlavi language, the major form of Middle Persian. The observations made in this paper call for a cultural-conceptual level of analysis, as a step in the general process of translating from one language to another.

Perception, Connotation, Translation of Numbers

Abstract: The purpose of the note is to discuss the translation of the numbers from one language to another in order to retain their meaning (in this case it is easy) and to preserve their connotations (and this is the hard part, as in every translation). The lexical system of numbers is an excellent laboratory to study the semiotic phenomena of hypocoding and hypercoding at an intermediate level of complexity, that does not avoid the problems but still allows rigorous solutions. This problem takes a well-defined role in the two sections dedicated to perception and connotations, when some numbers assume the role of hypernyms similar to adjectives "some, many, too many". The various languages do not use the same system of hypernyms, so the translation, beyond the literal meaning, requires a particular knowledge, typical of bilingualism.