Topic
Contact area
About: Contact area is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12358 publications have been published within this topic receiving 256401 citations. The topic is also known as: contact patch & contact region.
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TL;DR: In this article, a pendulum hanging around a revolving drum of ice was used to measure the kinetic friction between a slider and an ice surface under conditions commonly experienced in ice skating (temperatures from -15 to -1°C and velocities from 0.2 to 10m s -1 ).
Abstract: An apparatus based on a pendulum hanging around a revolving drum of ice was developed to measure the kinetic friction between a slider and an ice surface under conditions commonly experienced in ice skating (temperatures from -15 to -1°C and velocities from 0.2 to 10m s -1 ). The results are explained by a quantitative development of the frictional heating theory of Bowden & Hughes (1939): heat produced by friction raises the surface to its melting point and a small amount of water is produced which lubricates the contact area. The frictional heat used in melting is usually small; most of the heat flows from the contact area at the melting point into the slider and into the ice. This makes it possible to calculate the dependence of the coefficient of friction μ on the thermal conductivity of the slider, the ambient temperature and the velocity of sliding v , without considering the detailed mechanism that produces the frictional force. For sliders of mild steel and Perspex the main heat loss is through the ice and μ is hence proportional to the temperature below the melting point and to v -½ . For these two materials the magnitude of the coefficient of friction is correctly calculated from measured and known parameters to within a factor of 2. The remaining discrepancy is probably mainly due to the difference between the real and apparent contact areas. For a copper slider the heat loss through the metal is about the same as that through the ice. There is no pressure melting in these experiments; the only effect of the lowering of the melting point by pressure is to reduce slightly the frictional heat needed to keep the contact area at the melting point. On the other hand, at temperatures above about -2°C pressure melting would be expected.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation of the deformation of the surface asperities of a soft rough specimen surface in sliding contact with a hard smooth tool surface is described, where the experimental equipment allows independent variation of the normal pressure and sliding length.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a method for determining the hardness of thin films on substrates based on measurements of the contact stiffness vs. contact area for purely elastic indentation to correct for the effects of surface roughness and pile-up/sink-in on the contact area during elasticplastic indentation of elastically mismatched film/substrate systems.
156 citations
TL;DR: This study restricted to the McKee—Farrar type of joint, a ball-in-socket, where the parts were made from a cobalt—chrome—molybdenum alloy, and found wear to be mainly abrasive, from entrapped particles formed firstly during “running-in”.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a numerical method has been developed to investigate the adhesionless contact mechanics between rough surfaces, where boundary elements approach is used with self-equilibrated square elements.
156 citations