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Contrast (vision)

About: Contrast (vision) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10379 publications have been published within this topic receiving 221480 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aspects of visual function that best predict the ability of a patient with glaucoma to perform activities of daily living are binocular visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.
Abstract: Objective To determine which aspects of vision most influence the ability of patients with glaucoma to function. Methods A total of 192 patients with a full range of glaucomatous visual loss were selected from the Glaucoma Service of Wills Eye Institute. Patients were evaluated clinically with standard visual assessments: visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field, stereopsis, the Disc Damage Likelihood Scale, and intraocular pressure. Patients were evaluated objectively using a comprehensive performance-based measure of visual function, the Assessment of Disability Related to Vision (ADREV), and subjectively with the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including Spearman correlation coefficients and regression analysis, were performed on the data. Results Performance on the ADREV was most strongly associated with binocular visual acuity ( r = −0.79; P r = 0.80; P P Conclusion The aspects of visual function that best predict the ability of a patient with glaucoma to perform activities of daily living are binocular visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
D.H. Kelly1
TL;DR: Re receptive-field coherence may account for various spatial frequency effects previously thought to require a cortical mechanism, particularly in the spatial frequency domain.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that a smaller area, measuring several just resolvable distances across, has to be stimulated before successive or simultaneous contrast detection is possible at all.
Abstract: Contrast detection thresholds for moving sine wave gratings were obtained at the fovea and at eccentricities of 6°, 21°, and 50° on the nasal horizontal meridian. The targets subtended from 30 × 30 minutes of arc up to 16° × 16°. We have found that the contrast detection thresholds depend critically on the extent of the target field. If this extent is large enough peripheral detection thresholds are on a par with those measured at the fovea, only the sensitivity range is shifted to lower spatial frequencies. We show that if the just resolvable distance at any eccentricity is taken as a yardstick, and field width and spatial frequency are scaled accordingly, then the spatio-temporal contrast detection thresholds become identical over the whole visual field. It is shown that a smallest area, measuring several just resolvable distances across, has to be stimulated before successive or simultaneous contrast detection is possible at all. Detection performance improves if the stimulated area is enlarged up to diameters of at least 102 just resolvable distances. The just resolvable distance correlates well with mean interganglion cell distance, and with the cortical magnification factor.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, contrast thresholds of the goldfish eye were determined by the method of constant stimuli using a yes-no conditioned cardiac-response and computerized probit analysis was used to treat the data.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that the mouse contrast response function is similar in shape to other species, and mouse acuity is modest, with an upper limit near 0.5 cycles/°, consistent with prior data.
Abstract: To understand how activity in mammalian neural circuits controls behavior, the mouse is a promising model system due to the convergence of genetic, optical, and physiological methods. The ability to control and quantify behavior precisely is also essential for these studies. We developed an operant visual detection paradigm to make visual psychophysical measurements: head-fixed mice make responses by pressing a lever. We designed this task to permit neurophysiological studies of behavior in cerebral cortex, where activity is variable from trial to trial and neurons encode many types of information simultaneously. To study neural responses in the face of this complexity, we trained mice to do a task where they perform hundreds of trials daily and perceptual thresholds can be measured. We used this task to measure both visual acuity and the minimum detectable contrast in behaving mice. We found that the mouse contrast response function is similar in shape to other species. They can detect low-contrast stimuli, with a peak contrast threshold of 2%, equivalent to ∼15° eccentric in human vision. Mouse acuity is modest, with an upper limit near 0.5 cycles/°, consistent with prior data.

114 citations


Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20231,864
20223,760
2021413
2020329
2019354