Showing papers on "Corchorus olitorius published in 2021"

Noise control material using jute (Corchorus olitorius): effect of bulk density and thickness

Abstract: An attempt has been made to study the effect of thickness and compactness of natural fibre assembly in the reduction of noise. Fourteen available natural fibres i.e. banana, bhimal, roselle, coconu...

Assessment of Dietary Bioactive Phenolic Compounds and Agricultural Sustainability of an African Leafy Vegetable Corchorus olitorius L

Abstract: Corchorus olitorius L. is an African leafy vegetable of high nutritional interest. To assess its agricultural suitability to sustainable cultivation conditions and its potential benefits for human nutrition, its phytochemical content in response to conservation agriculture practices [i.e., no-tillage (NT) and cover crop maintenance] and low water regime were evaluated and compared with response under conventional agriculture management. Hydric stress and NT did not affect the content of antioxidant metabolites, compared to conventional agricultural practices. In both conditions, leaves were found to be a great source of phenolic compounds. The effect of these phenolic fractions was assessed on two colon cell phenotypes to evaluate putative nutraceutical properties. Polyphenol-enriched extracts (PEEs) displayed selective cytotoxic activities against tumor Caco-2 cells but not on the healthy CCD841 line. PEEs were able to trigger oxidative stress and to inhibit the activity of glutathione-independent antioxidant enzymes on Caco-2 cells. C. olitorius showed to be a promising crop for improving both agricultural sustainability and health benefits due to the great amount of antioxidant compounds in leaves, whose occurrence is not altered by stressful farming conditions. Given its high adaptability, the cultivation of this crop is therefore recommendable also in the Mediterranean Basin.

Heavy metal concentrations in soils and two vegetable crops (Corchorus olitorius and Solanum nigrum L.), their transfer from soil to vegetables and potential human health risks assessment at selected urban market gardens of Yaoundé, Cameroon

Abstract: Soil contamination by heavy metals has received considerable attention in recent years. In this study, heavy metal accumulation in two vegetable crops (Corchorus olitorius and Solanum nigrum L.) wa...

Nutraceutical potential of molokhia (Corchorus olitorius l.): A versatile green leafy vegetable

Abstract: Molokhia is a nutritious green leafy vegetable consumed in African and Middle Eastern countries as a viscous soup. Although the leaves are used in the traditional medicine and also reported to exhibit a number of pharmacological effects, its utilization is limited to some cultures and does not find wider utilization in the mainstream dietary habits. This review is aimed to present the nutritional and nutraceutical potential of molokhia to promote consumption of this valuable leafy vegetable. An unbiased literature search was conducted using online resources such as Google Scholar and PubMed to collect published reports on various biological/pharmacological activities of molokhia. Chemical structures of bioactive compounds were downloaded from PubChem. The leaves of molokhia are rich sources of Vitamin A (β-carotene), C, E, B1, B2, folic acid and minerals such as iron and calcium in addition to common macromolecules. Among carbohydrates, acidic polysaccharides are of particular interest because of their notable biological effects including antidiabetic and antioxidant. The vegetable is also a good source of a diverse category of phytochemicals including alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolics. Different extracts exhibit potent antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, analgesic, and wound healing effects. The extracts have shown to safe even at a dose of 3.2 g/kg body weight in experimental animals. Molokhia is a nutritious leafy vegetable loaded with essential micronutrients and phytochemical that could be handy in promoting general health. Further research is warranted to develop novel food product formulation using molokhia.

Incandescent Combustion Synthesis of Nanomagnetic Ni/NiO Composites

Abstract: This study is the first attempt to large-scale energy-efficient production of nanomagnetic Ni/NiO composites by using the autocombustion based on leaves or extract of corchorus olitorius. The as synthesized product can be characterized by using XRD, SEM, TEM and EDX techniques. The results confirm that the as synthesized materials consisted entirely of well crystalline Ni and NiO phases. The crystallinity of both Ni and NiO enhanced by increasing amount of the corchorus olitorius. However, the corchorus olitorius - treatment resulted in an increase in the crystallite size and lattice constant. The SEM analysis confirms formation of fragile, fluffy and spongy networks. The average of grain size for the as prepared particles was found to be 45 nm in agreement with the trend of the crystallite size calculated by using XRD technique. Furthermore, changing of nature and content of the corchorus olitorius brought about progressive modifications in the magnetic properties, namely, Ms, Mr, Mr/Ms, Hc and Ka, of the fabricated Ni/NiO nanocomposite according to the structural, morphological as well as microstructural variation. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of the sample with corchorus olitorius leaves was found to be 0.2383 emu/g while the Ms with corchorus olitorius extract was found to 6.977 emu/g. This was discussed in the light of finite size, surface and interface effects. Thus, we unveil a new approach for incandescent combustion synthesis via an innate approach for corchorus olitorius leaves in the directly fabrication for different nanocomposites.

Genome-wide Identification and Characterization of Expansin Genes in Jute

Abstract: Plant expansin genes are cell wall loosening proteins that are associated in fibre cell development by modifying neighboring cell wall. To the best of our knowledge, there is no genome-wide comprehensive analysis of expansin genes in bast fibre bearing crops. Therefore, in this study, we performed genome-wide molecular characterization, classification, physico-chemical properties, evolutionary relationship and expression profiling of expansins during jute fibre development. Twenty-six expansin genes identified in jute (Corchorus olitorius) genome and divided into four subfamilies: 20 CoEXPA, 2 CoEXPB, 1 CoEXLA and 3 CoEXLB. Most of the CoEXPs in same subfamilies exhibited similar gene structures and motif compositions. Expression analysis revealed that 20 CoEXPs were expressed in the different regions of jute stem. Five CoEXPAs has predominantly expressed in bark tissues suggesting their association in fibre biosynthesis. In contrast, three CoEXPAs and one CoEXLB were preferentially expressed in woody stick tissues suggesting their involvement in stick development of jute. The comprehensive analysis of jute expansins can serve as solid foundation for further functional characterization and genetic manipulation of jute to improve fibre quality.

Jute leaves: A potential sources of lycopene

Abstract: Jute (Corchorus sp.) leaves may contain lycopene, a strong antioxidant, but amounts in jute leaves are not known. The study was undertaken to estimate the lycopene content in fresh, processed, and ...

Prevalence of Seed-borne Fungal Invasion on Tossa Jute ( Corchorus olitorius ) Seeds

Abstract: Fungi of different kinds/races have been observed on Tossa jute seeds collected from different locations in Bangladesh. These fungi harm the quality of seeds and lessen germination percentage of the seeds. The aim of this research was to determine the seed-borne fungal pathogens on Tossa jute varieties collected from different locations in Bangladesh. The experiments were conducted following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Eight Tossa jute varieties are used in the present research. Seed sample of each and every variety collected from each of four different districts of Bangladesh. The predominant identified fungi were Macrophomina phaseolina, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp. and Penicillum spp. Kishoregonj District as well as O-72 variety is the most vulnerable in response of seed borne fungal infection, individually and simultaneously. Rangpur District as well as O-795 variety is the most secure in response of seed borne fungal infection, individually and simultaneously. No limitation has been found to conduct the experiment. Seed borne fungal pathogens are the extreme constraints which deadly influenced the healthy Tossa jute seed production. From the results obtained from this study, it will be easy to select the right variety and location for Tossa jute seed production in Bangladesh. And Farmers can be careful at the beginning of Tossa jute seed cultivation to get rid of the fungus which is more prevalent.

Production of a novel instant jute mallow powder using foam mat drying technology

Abstract: Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L) leaf is sensitive to heat, and conventional processing, preservation, and storage procedures cause reduction in nutritional and physicochemical properties. There...

Genetic Diversity in Fiber Related Traits of Tossa Jute (Corchorus Olitorius L.) Germplam

Abstract: Genetic diversity of twenty-one genotypes of tossa jute was studied through Mahalanobis D 2 statistic and principal component analysis for 15 quantitative traits related to yield at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters. Cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (nine), while cluster II had the lowest number of genotypes (three). The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the cluster. The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and the lowest for cluster IV. The genotypes from cluster I could be selected as parents for hybridization for producing transgressive segregants. The highest inter-cluster distance was found between clusters I and IV followed by clusters I and III and the lowest was between clusters III and IV. Cluster IV recorded the highest mean value for plant height, base diameter, root length, leaf area, fresh weight with and without leaves, dry fiber weight and dry stick weight. In the total divergence, the highest contribution was recorded in plant height (65.1%) followed by base diameter (16.6%). The first two principal components, whose eigen values were greater than one, accounted for 81.7% of the total variations among the genotypes for fifteen fiber related traits. Considering the magnitude of cluster distance, cluster means for different characters and contribution of characters towards divergence, the genotypes G17, G18 from cluster IV; G1, G2, G5, G10, G16 from cluster I and G4 from cluster III could be selected as promising parents for hybridization program.

A Study on the Determination of Some Physical and Physiological Properties of Seeds of Two Different Jute Varieties (Corchorus capsularis L. and Corchorus olitorius L.)

Abstract: In recent years, the production of natural and recyclable, environmentally friendly products has come to the fore rather than textile and textile products produced from petroleum resources. One of the materials used in the production of these products is the Jute plant. This study was carried out in a laboratory environment under controlled conditions between 2019 and 2020. In the study, some physical (shape-size, surface area, average arithmetic-geometric diameter, sphericity, thousand grain weight) and physiological properties (germination percentage and time, average shoot-root lengths) of seeds belonging to two different varieties of Jute plant (Corchorus capsularis L. and Corchorus olitorius L.) were determined. According to the data obtained; It has been determined that C. capsularis variety has a short and oval structure, while C. olitorius variety has a medium and oval structure. Furthermore, the germination rate was determined as 74.5% in C. capsularis seeds and 63.5% in C. olitorius seeds.

Nutrients Content and Antioxidant Potential of Selected Traditional Vegetables Grown in Malawi

Abstract: Vegetables provide nutrients, especially minerals and vitamins, and non-nutrient phytochemicals with health benefits. Iron, zinc and vitamin A deficiencies are common in most developing countries yet traditional vegetables that can provide these nutrients grow wildly in most areas. This study evaluated the nutrient contents, phytochemicals and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of five traditional leafy vegetables grown in Malawi, namely Amaranth hybridus (Amaranth ssp.), Moringa oleifera ( Drum stick), Bidens pilosa (Black jack), Corchorus olitorius (Jute mallow) and Ipomea batatas (Sweet potato) leaves. Results from the present study show that beta-carotene ranged from 829.68 µg/100g to 5,791.64 µg/100g and Moringa oleifera had the highest concentration. Vitamin C content ranged from 7.93 mg/100g to 35.81 mg/100g and Ipomea batatas leaves had the highest concentration. Zinc concentrations ranged from 4.42 mg/100g to 10.59 mg/100g. Iron content ranged from 37.22 mg/100g to 48.21 mg/100g. Total phenolics content (TPC) ranged from 0.98 g/100g to 3.89 g/100g with Bidens pilosa leaves having the highest TPC (3.89±0.23 g/100g). Moringa oleifera and Bidens pilosa leaves had significantly higher (P Corchorus olitorius > Moringa oleifera > Ipomea batatas > Amaranth hybridus . The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values of these vegetables ranged from 12.5 µg/mL to 125 µg/mL. Lower IC 50 values indicate higher radical scavenging activity. The results suggested that the traditional vegetables under the study can significantly contribute to improved human nutrition and have potential to reduce diseases related to oxidative stress.

Regulating the Cd Tolerance of Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets and the Toxicity Responses

Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) is widely used in various scientific fields, including biochemistry and environmental and plant science, because of its unique physicochemical properties. However, there is limi...

Dietary Effect of Corchorus olitorius Seeds on Growth Performance of Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings

Abstract: Incorporating feed additives in diets of cultured fish is aimed at improving growth performance, immunity and carcass quality. Growth performance and some haematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings fed varying inclusion levels of Corchorus olitorius seeds were assessed in the study. O. niloticus fingerlings of initial mean weight 9.35±0.01g were evaluated for a period of 56 days. Five experimental diets were formulated at varying inclusion levels; 0g/100g (control), 0.5g/100g, 1.0g/100g, 1.5g/100g and 2.0g/100g of C. olitoriusseeds. All diets were isonitrogenous with each treatment having triplicates. O. niloticus fingerlings fed 1.5g/100g diet of C. olitoriusrecorded the best growth performance in terms of weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). There was a significant increase in growth and nutritional performance of O. niloticus fingerlings with increasing inclusion of C. olitorius seeds (P<0.05). Significant increase in packed cell volume, white blood cell and haemoglobin were observed in treated O. niloticus fingerlings and there was no adverse effect of C. olitorius seeds on the haematological parameters of the fish. The study showed that C. olitorius seed at 1.5g/100g significantly improved survival rate, weight gain and feed conversion ratio as well as reduced mortalities in the treated groups.

Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of leaves of Amaranthus hybridus L., Corchorus olitorius L and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. grown in northen of Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract: Our work was based on the study of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts from the leaves of Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthaceae), Corchorus olitorius L. (Tiliaceae) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), and decoction. This work presents for the first time the phytochemical screening and the antioxidant activity of extracts of leaves of these three plants coming from the Cote d’Ivoire. Phytochemical analysis of these extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols and alkaloids in the three leaves. The total phenolic content of the extracts showed variations, between 13.22 and 90.89 mg GAE/g. The hydroethanol extract (90.89 mg GAE/g) and decoction of C. olitorius (57.89 mg GAE/g) had the most elevated contents. The evaluation of the reducing power with DPPH method revealed that the hydroethanol extract of C. olitorius was the most active (IC50 = 45.58 µg/mL). This result was in agreement with that obtained by FRAP method.

Effectiveness of Some Plant Materials against Jute Yellow Mite on Corchorus Olitorius

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of plant materials against yellow mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) on jute (Corchorus olitorius) cv. 0–9897 in both greenhouse and field condition at BJRI during the period from March to October 2016. In greenhouse premises, the highest mortality (69.39, 67.77, 63.86, 62.43 and 61.47%) was recorded in extract of neem seed kernel @ 1:20, mehogony seed, pithraj seed, turmeric powder and green neem leaf, respectively. In field condition, the highest reduction (70.20%) of infestation over control, lowest nodes plant–1 (52.50), tallest plant (3.10 m) and highest yield increased (38.60%) over control were observed in neem seed kernel extract @ 1:20. In conclusion, neem seed kernel extract, mahogany seed extracts, pithraj seed extract, green neem leaf extract and turmeric powder extract @ 1:20 can be safely used by the farmers as components of IPM program of Jute.

Performance studies on jute genotypes (Corchorus olitorius L.) for screening fibre yield components and biotic stress factors under terai region of Province -1 Nepal

Abstract: The present study was conducted to know the performance of growth, yield contributing parameters and stress tolerance factors of tossa jute genotypes at the farm of Jute Research Program, Itahari, Sunsari, Nepal during 2017 and 2018. A total of 11 tossa jute genotypes were sown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Among the genotypes, JRO-524 produces highest plant height (322.97 cm), green fibre yields (17.26 t ha-1), green stick yields (17.97 t ha-1), dry fibre yields (2.73 t ha-1), dry sticks yield (6.31 t ha-1), whereas, genotypes SRP-7016 produces highest green plant yield (51.18 t ha-1) followed by JRO-524 (48.73 t ha-1). Respective of biotic stress factor, the genotype JRO-524 was found to be less susceptible against Bihar hairy caterpillar (5.68%), semilooper (5.25%) andmites (2.53 mites leaf-1). The genotype JRO-524 gave understanding superiority on growth, yield and yield contributing traits, and biotic stress tolerance.

Effects of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia L.) density on growth, yield, and proximate composition of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.)

Abstract: Purpose. Jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) is a mucilaginous vegetable and fiber crop cultivated in the tropics, where catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) and Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia L.) are common weeds. Hence, the study investigated the growth, yield, and nutrient level of jute mallow in weed-free, catnip, and Mexican sunflower environments. Methods. The study involved two screen-house experiments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications. The treatments were 0 (control), 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weed plants per pot in both experiments. These are 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 weed count per square meter equivalent, based on the surface area of the pots used. Mexican sunflower and catnip plants interacted with jute plants in the first and second experiments, respectively. Growth parameters of jute mallow were recorded weekly from 5 to 8 weeks after sowing (WAS), and harvesting was done at 8 WAS. The proximate composition of jute was evaluated using standard procedures outlined by AOAC. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P < 0.05. Results. Catnip and Mexican sunflower negatively impacted the morphological features of jute mallow from 100 plants per square meter upwards. Catnip and Mexican sunflower, at 300 and 100–500 plants per square meter, respectively, reduced the dry weight of jute mallow. The crude protein content of jute mallow was also lessened by Mexican sunflower at some point. Conclusions. The study recommends that the density of catnip and Mexican sunflower plants interacting with jute mallow should be maintained below 100 plants per square meter to prevent yield loss.

Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Corchorus olitorius on sperm count and sperm motility of adult wistar rats

Abstract: Background: The plant, Corchorus olitorius is consumed by many tribes and cultures for both nutritional and therapeutic purposes. Purpose: The study was therefore designed to investigate, evaluate and unravel the possible effects of the plant extract on the sperm count and sperm motility. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 g separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the rats were sacrificed and the testes and accompanying epididymis harvested for investigations using standard laboratory standards. Results: Surprisingly, semen analysis showed that group B, C and D rats had an improved and increased sperm motility rate over group (A). Again, there was a pronounced significant increase in the average sperm count of the rats treated with varying doses of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract over that of the control group, a development that appeared to be dose dependent.

The proximate and mineral compositions of two dried Nigerian leafy vegetables (Corchorus olitorius and Amaranthus hybridus)

Abstract: Vegetables play an important role in human nutrition, but high moisture contents seem to lead to susceptibility to extreme spoilage. Thus, two dried Nigerian leafy vegetables (Corchorus olitorous and Amaranthus hybridus) proximate and mineral compositions were investigated to ascertain their nutritional potentials after drying. Fresh vegetable samples were destalked, washed, blanched, drained and dried in the open sun and in the oven at 50, 60 and 70oC temperatures. The proximate and mineral compositions were determined using standard analytical methods. The proximate values of Corchorus olitorius leaves ranged between 8.16 – 12.37%, 13.53 – 15.10%, 2.15 – 2.44%, 8.68 – 9.20%, 13.21 – 13.68% and 50.08 – 53.91% while Amaranthus hybridus leaves ranged between 8.85 – 12.97%, 15.72 – 17.70%, 1.20 – 1.78%, 9.02 – 9.17%, 16.89 – 19.53% and 42.98 – 44.21% respectively for moisture content, protein content, crude fat, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrate values. The results showed an increase in the mineral concentrations after drying, indicating that the vegetables studied are all good sources of sodium, potassium, calcium, iron and magnesium. Thus, drying vegetables can help reduce food insecurity and improve nutritional contents.

Effect of selenium biofortification on phenolic content and antioxidant properties of Jute leaf (Corchorus olitorius)

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of selenium (Se) biofortification on the mineral composition, phenolic content and antioxidant properties of Jute leaf (Corchorus olitorius). Jute seeds were cultivated in four groups containing 0%, 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1% Se-fortified organic fertilizer. The leaves were harvested at maturity and the mineral content, total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. In vitro antioxidant properties of the leaves shown by their free radical scavenging abilities, reducing property, Fe2+ chelating ability, inhibition of Fenton reaction and lipid peroxidation were also assayed. Se content significantly increased from 0.18 ± 0.01 mg/100 g in 0% fortification group to 0.4 ± 0.03 mg/100 g in 0.1% fortification. Total phenol and flavonoid contents with the antioxidants properties increased at 0.05% fortification but reduced at 0.1% fortification. The result suggests that Jute leaf bioaccumulation of Se at 0.05% Se biofortification optimally influenced its mineral, phenolic contents and antioxidant properties.

Influence of Extrusion Conditions on Techno-functional Properties, Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Rice-based Extrudates Containing Powder of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Jew's Mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) Leaves

Abstract: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Jew's mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) leaves have several desirable characteristics as functional ingredients for the production of healthy new foods. In this study, the influence of extrusion conditions including material type, feed moisture content and barrel temperature on techno-functional properties, phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity of rice-based extrudates containing purslane and Jew's mallow leaves powder was investigated. Inclusion of purslane and Jew's mallow leaves powder into the rice flour formula significantly affected the techno-functional, physical properties, phytochemicals and antioxidants activity of the resultant extrudates. Increasing feed moisture content resulted in extrudates with higher bulk density (BD) and breaking strength (BS) and lower phytochemicals content. Higher barrel temperature resulted in extrudates with higher techno-functional properties. Furthermore, statistical analyses revealed that the interactions between process variables were significant. Correlation relationships between techno-functional, physical properties, antioxidant activity and phytochemical contents were noticed. These results will be used to help define optimized process conditions for controlling and predicting qualities and characteristics of extruded products containing purslane and Jew's mallow leaves powder.