Showing papers on "Coturnix published in 2015"
TL;DR: This study provides baseline information valuable to complement toxicology studies and provides a better understanding of potential health effects on wild avifauna.
22 citations
TL;DR: The current findings suggest that cocaine-induced locomotor activity was associated with T in males but not with E2 in females, and circulating hormone levels can be manipulated without surgical alterations via modifying the photoperiod.
16 citations
TL;DR: Evaluating the effects of two 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate implants versus one 9.4-mg implant on egg production and plasma progesterone concentrations in Japanese quail found the effects on egg laying were inconsistent throughout the study period.
Abstract: Reproductive disease in captive avian species is common, and medical management is often chosen over surgical removal of the reproductive tract. In a previous study with Japanese quail, a single 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate implant reversibly decreased egg production in 6 out 10 birds for 70 days. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of two 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate implants versus one 9.4-mg implant on egg production and plasma progesterone concentrations in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Following a 10-day period of consistent egg laying, 30 adult female Japanese quail were anesthetized and received two 4.7-mg deslorelin implants (n = 10), one 9.4-mg deslorelin implant (n = 10), or a single, identical placebo implant (n = 10) s.c. between the scapulae. Egg production was monitored daily, and plasma progesterone concentrations were measured on days 0, 14, 29, 120, 148, and 182 via enzyme-linked immunoassay. All birds were weighed periodically and euthanized...
15 citations
TL;DR: Present avian study, first of its kind, suggests the role of nesfatin-1 in reproductive regulation possibly via appetite control and energy balance in female Japanese quail and needs to be investigated further in relation to food intake.
15 citations
TL;DR: Results reveal genetic features of the quail breed that could allow for more effective molecular sexing as well as selective breeding for traits important in commercial production.
Abstract: Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) reach sexual maturity earlier, breed rapidly and successfully, and cost less and require less space than other birds raised commercially. Given the value of this species for food production and experimental use, more studies are necessary to determine chromosomal regions and genes associated with gender and breed-differentiation. This study employed Trinity and edgeR for transcriptome analysis of next-generation RNA-seq data, which included 4 tissues obtained from 3 different breeding lines of Japanese quail (random bred control, heavy weight, low weight). Differentially expressed genes shared between female and male tissue contrast groups were analyzed to identify genes related to sexual dimorphism as well as potential novel candidate genes for molecular sexing. Several of the genes identified in the present study as significant sex-related genes have been previously found in avian gene expression analyses (NIPBL, UBAP2), and other genes found differentially expressed in this study and not previously associated with sex-related differences may be considered potential candidates for molecular sexing (TERA, MYP0, PPR17, CASQ2). Additionally, other genes likely associated with neuronal and brain development (CHKA, NYAP), as well as body development and size differentiation (ANKRD26, GRP87) in quail were identified. Expression of homeobox protein regulating genes (HXC4, ISL1) shared between our two sex-related contrast groups (Female Brain vs. Male Brain and Ovary vs. Testis) indicates that these genes may regulate sex-specific anatomical development. Results reveal genetic features of the quail breed and could allow for more effective molecular sexing as well as selective breeding for traits important in commercial production.
11 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Results showed that the female quail had higher and superior mean values in live body weight and carcass measurements, which implies that both systems of housing are good for rearing quail birds and either could be adopted for profitable and efficient quail meat production.
Abstract: The effects of sex and housing on live body weight and carcass characteristics of Coturnix quails were examined in this study. Two hundred day-old quails purchased from local hatcheries were separated according to sexes at three weeks old and also divided into cage and deep litter systems. At the end of the 10 week trial, five birds from each sexes and housing were slaughtered, the carcasses were processed and the carcass weight, slaughter weight, dressed weight and other carcass parts were measured. Results showed that the female quail had higher and superior mean values in live body weight and carcass measurements. In addition, females recorded higher weight in edible giblets. With regard to housing system, cage and deep litter did not differ significantly in live body weight and other carcass parts. This implies that both systems of housing are good for rearing quail birds and either could be adopted for profitable and efficient quail meat production. It is suggested that more female quails be raised and produced in large commercial quantities to mitigate the effects of malnutrition prevalent in developing countries as a result of animal protein deficiencies.
8 citations
TL;DR: The findings suggest that state dependent effects may alter sexual motivation and that repeated exposure to cocaine during sexual activity may increase sexual motivation which, in turn, may lead to high risk sexual activities.
7 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is shown that Japanese quails need the diets containing 3000 kcal ME/kg and 26% CP during the first weeks of age to achieve optimum growth performance and can be reduced to 24% CP at the older ages.
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) on performance and carcass characteristics of Japanese (Coturnix japonica) and Brown (Coturnix ypsilophorus) quails during a 42 d feeding trial. A total of 720 (360 per each species) one week-old quail chicks were randomly (by species) distributed between 72 cages according to a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (3 dietary ME levels: 2800, 2900 and 3000 kcal/kg of diet; 3 different CP levels: 22, 24 and 26%; and 2 quail species: Japanese and Brown) with 4 replicates of 10 birds each. Performance parameters were recorded biweekly. Results showed that except 22-35 d period, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was affected (P<0.01) by dietary ME level with the lowest ADFI assigned to those fed diets containing 3000 kcal ME/kg. Japanese quails consumed (P<0.01) more feed than Brown quails during 22-35 and 36-49 d of age. Increase in dietary ME and CP levels to 2900 kcal/kg and 26%, respectively, increased (P<0.01) average daily weight gain (ADWG), and Japanese quails had the greater ADWG compared with Brown quails. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved by incremental levels of dietary ME (P<0.01) and CP (P<0.05) throughout the trial period. Japanese quails showed the better (P<0.01) FCR values compared with Brown quails during 22-49 d of age. Increase in dietary ME and CP levels increased (P<0.01) carcass and breast yields. Highly positive correlations were found among daily ME/CP intakes and ADWG, ADFI, and carcass yield. The present findings indicate that Japanese quails need the diets containing 3000 kcal ME/kg and 26% CP during the first weeks of age to achieve optimum growth performance. Dietary CP level can be reduced to 24% CP at the older ages. The nutritional demands of Brown quails were determined to be 2900 kcal ME/kg and 24% CP during the starter period and 2900 kcal/kg ME and 22% CP at the remaining growth period.
7 citations
TL;DR: Surveillance testing and rapid control measures were successful in the control and eradication of the outbreak and revealed no area of spread of the virus from the index flock.
Abstract: In April 2014 an outbreak of low pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 North American genetic lineage was diagnosed in a commercial quail operation in Stanislaus County, California. Sudden increase in mortality prompted the submission of 20 Japanese quail hens (Coturnix c. japonica) to the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, Turlock Branch. Oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs tested positive for influenza A virus H5N8 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The virus was subsequently isolated. In vivo assay and sequencing of the hemagglutinin protein cleavage site classified the virus as a North American genetic lineage of low pathogenicity for chickens. Following the diagnosis, a rapid and coordinated response took place to contain the outbreak. The affected premise was depopulated, cleaned, and disinfected. Three areas from the affected premises-a 3 kilometer (km) radius (High Risk Zone), a 3-10 km area (Buffer Zone), and a 10-20 km (Surveillance Zone)-were established for avian influenza testing of commercial and noncommercial poultry operations. Surveillance testing and rapid control measures were successful in the control and eradication of the outbreak and revealed no area of spread of the virus from the index flock. This report describes the history, diagnosis, surveillance, and control measures applied to manage this outbreak.
6 citations
12 Dec 2015
TL;DR: The present study aimed to determine the effect of Cr and VC supplementation on external and internal egg quality traits Europ.Poult.
Abstract: Introduction Heat stress is a major concern in contemporary poultry production worldwide, well known to reduce the reproductive performance in laying hens by interrupting egg production. This is not caused by a reduction in feed intake, but also by a disruption of hormones responsible for ovulation and by a decreased responsiveness of ovary to luteinizing hormone (FRANCO-JIMENEZ et al., 2007). In addition, heat stress negatively affects strength, weight, thickness and ash content of the eggshell (KIRUNDA et al., 2001). Although, the debilitating effect of heat stress on egg production and egg quality is well recognized, the mechanism(s) involved is (are) not clearly unraveled. Environmental stress increases the free radical production and lowers the serum concentrations of antioxidants including vitamins E, C (VC) and A, minerals such as zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) in laying hens (SAHIN et al., 2002a) and the digestibility of amino acids (SAHIN et al., 2001). In order to decrease the adverse effect of heat stress, a number of approaches were suggested, including dietary manipulation (SAHIN, et al., 2009), fat supplementation (HUSSEIN, 1996), supplementing critical essential amino acids (YANMING and BAKER, 1993), and supplementing minerals and vitamins (SAHIN et al., 2002a). Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin required for maintaining the normal metabolic activities. It is synthesized in the body to meet the physiological requirements in poultry (LEESON, 2001) and plays a central role in the biosynthesis of corticosterone (BAINS and BRAKE, 1995), a primary glucocorticoid hormone involved in gluconeogenesis to enhance energy supply during stress (SAHIN et al., 2001). Several researchers documented a beneficial effect for VC on performance and egg quality in heat-stressed Japanese quails (SAHIN and KUCUK, 2001; SAHIN et al., 2003, 2004). Chromium is an essential element required for carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism (LICZEWSKA et al., 2004). Cr is a component of an oligopeptide called low-molecular-weight Cr-binding substance or chromodulin, which functions as a part of the insulin signalling auto-amplification mechanism (VINCENT, 2000). Moreover, Cr is thought to be essential for activating a certain number of enzymes and for stabilizing proteins and nucleic acids (AMATYA et al., 2004). Cr is involved in protein metabolism, having a significant role in egg quality. If protein content is too low or the amino acid requirements are not met, poor egg production and hatchability will occur (TARASEWICZ et al., 2006). Overall, Cr deficiency may disrupt carbohydrate and protein metabolism, reduce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, and impair the growth rate, egg production, and egg quality in laying hens (SAHIN et al., 2002a) and broiler chickens (SAHIN et al., 2003a). Supplementation of Cr may help to prevent the effects of cold and heat stress (SAHIN et al., 2002a; SAHIN et al., 2003a). Feeding Cr resulted in a higher egg production, egg weight, egg mass and albumen quality (LICZEWSKA et al., 2004). There was little information about simultaneous use of Cr and VC supplementation in the diet on egg quality traits in laying Japanese quails reared under heat stress. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of Cr and VC supplementation on external and internal egg quality traits Europ.Poult.Sci., 79. 2015, ISSN 1612-9199, © Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart. DOI: 10.1399/eps.2015.113
5 citations
TL;DR: Growth rates of chicks, cellular basal oxygen consumption, glycolytic flux, and mitochondrial volume in myoblasts from chicks from both reciprocal crosses were intermediate to the fast and control lines, indicating that genes in the nucleus have a strong influence on metabolic rates at the cellular level, compared with maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA.
Abstract: Growth rate is a fundamental parameter of an organism’s life history and varies 30-fold across bird species. To explore how whole-organism growth rate and the metabolic rate of cultured muscle cells are connected, two lines of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), one that had been artificially selected for fast growth for over 60 generations and a control line were used to culture myoblasts. In line with previous work, myoblasts from the fast growth line had significantly higher rates of oxygen consumption, glycolytic flux, and higher mitochondrial volume than myoblasts from the control line, indicating that an increase in growth rate is associated with a concomitant increase in cellular metabolic rates and that mitochondrial density contributes to the differences in rates of metabolism between the lines. We reared chicks from two hybrid lines with reciprocal parental configurations for growth rate to explore the effect of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA on rates of growth and metabolism. Growth rates of chicks, cellular basal oxygen consumption, glycolytic flux, and mitochondrial volume in myoblasts from chicks from both reciprocal crosses were intermediate to the fast and control lines. This indicates that genes in the nucleus have a strong influence on metabolic rates at the cellular level, compared with maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It was observed that all the birds irrespective of their sexes grew in size with advancing age, although the rate of growth decreased from 7th week onwards, and the superiority of cage system over that of deep litter in all the production traits evaluated.
Abstract: This study focused on the effect of housing and sex on the growth traits of coturnix quails. A total number of 200 day-old mixed sexes quail chicks were procured for the study. The birds were separated into deep litter and cage from 3rd week of age. Sex separation was also carried out at the same time. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks and the growth traits measured on weekly basis were body weight, wing length, thigh length and breast girth. Analyzed data showed that female quails had significantly (P<0.01) superior growth rates than males across the two housing systems, that is, the former recorded higher mean values in body weight and other linear body parameters than the latter. The former also had broader breast, longer thigh and wing. These attributes could be employed in distinguishing between sexes during any breeding and selection programmes. In addition, the findings of this work reveal the superiority of cage system over that of deep litter in all the production traits evaluated. There were higher mean values in body weight of cage birds when compared with those on deep litter. It was observed that all the birds irrespective of their sexes grew in size with advancing age, although the rate of growth decreased from 7th week onwards. For increased quail meat production and regular supply of animal proteins for human consumption, female quails should be reared in large quantities and cage system of rearing should be adopted.
TL;DR: Blue light conditions resulted in elevating metabolic activity and accelerating pace of life in Japanese quails, and it is assumed that the blue light-induced effects are probably due to inhibition of melatonin synthesis.
Abstract: Fifteen-week-old sexually mature female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) grown under various lighting conditions were used in the study. It was found that the number of mitochondria and phagosomes was increased by 1.5-fold in the retinal pigment epithelium from birds reared for 95 days under blue light (440-470 nm) vs. reduced blue light component conditions. Also, it was found that egg production was increased by 15% in birds reared under blue light compared to other lightning conditions. Thus, we concluded that blue light conditions resulted in elevating metabolic activity and accelerating pace of life in Japanese quails. It is assumed that the blue light-induced effects are probably due to inhibition of melatonin synthesis.
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of housing and sex on the growth traits of coturnix quails was studied and found that female quails had significantly superior growth rates than males across the two housing systems, that is, they recorded higher mean values in body weight and other linear body parameters than the latter.
Abstract: This study focused on the effect of housing and sex on the growth traits of coturnix quails. A total number of 200 day-old mixed sexes quail chicks were procured for the study. The birds were separated into deep litter and cage from 3 rd week of age. Sex separation was also carried out at the same time. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks and the growth traits measured on weekly basis were body weight, wing length, thigh length and breast girth. Analyzed data showed that female quails had significantly (P<0.01) superior growth rates than males across the two housing systems, that is, the former recorded higher mean values in body weight and other linear body parameters than the latter. The former also had broader breast, longer thigh and wing. These attributes could be employed in distinguishing between sexes during any breeding and selection programmes. In addition, the findings of this work reveal the superiority of cage system over that of deep litter in all the production traits evaluated. There were higher mean values in body weight of cage birds when compared with those on deep litter. It was observed that all the birds irrespective of their sexes grew in size with advancing age, although the rate of growth decreased from 7 th week onwards. For increased quail meat production and regular supply of animal proteins for human consumption, female quails should be reared in large quantities and cage system of rearing should be adopted.
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Shil et al. as discussed by the authors conducted histological and morphometric analyses of testes of adult quail (Coturnix cotturnixjaponica) of Bangladesh. But, the analysis was limited to the seasonal testicular variations in the adultJapanese quail.
Abstract: & Mohammad Lutfur RahmanSHIL, S. K.; QUASEM, A. & RAHMAN, M. L. Histological and morphometric analyses of testes of adult quail (Coturnix coturnixjaponica) of Bangladesh. Int. J. Morphol., 33(1):100-104, 2015.SUMMARY: A histological and morphometric study was conducted to evaluate the seasonal testicular variations in the adultJapanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) in Bangladesh. The weight of birds and testes, volume, length, circumference, seminiferoustubule diameter, circumference and height of germinal epithelium of testes were measured. Sections of testes obtained from stud ied birdswere stained with HE r=0.88). Spermatogenic activity was pronounced during summerand rainy season than that of autumn and winter (P<0.05).KEY WORDS: Japanese quail; Morphometry; Testis; Season; Day length; Temperature.
15 Dec 2015
TL;DR: It is revealed that up to 48h delayed access to feed after hatch has adverse effects on Japanese quail chick gastrointestinal tract development.
Abstract: Neonatal chicks for the practices like sexing, vaccination, packaging and transport from after hatching until located in the farm deprived of feed and water for about 48–72h. Delaying access to feed and water mobilizes body reserves to support metabolism and thermal regulation which resulted in retardation of gastro intestinal development and body weight and impairment of overall performance. This study conducted to evaluation the effect of posthatch delayed feed intake on gastro-intestinal tract development in Japanese quail. One hundred and twenty newly hatched Japanese quail chicks were placed in three treatments with four replications of 10b each. The experiment was arranged with three treatments in a complete random design, birds delay access to feeding for 3, 24 and 48h immediately after hatch. The chicks subjected to fasting for 48h showed significantly (P<0.05) lower live body weight, GIT organs relative weight and blemish small intestinal epithelium than those fed with up to 3 and or 24 h delayed after hatching. The results of this study revealed that up to 48h delayed access to feed after hatch has adverse effects on Japanese quail chick gastrointestinal tract development.