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Coturnix
About: Coturnix is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 953 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23305 citations.
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TL;DR: The SEA strain of quail appears to be a promising model for the study of atherosclerosis and the two indices of the severity of Atherosclerosis were highly and linearly correlated.
Abstract: Groups of 12 male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) of a strain susceptible to experimental atherosclerosis (SEA) were fed one of three purified diets (one basal and two atherogenic) for 8 wk. The basal diet contained: glucose (46%), soy protein (35%) and beef tallow (10%). Atherogenic diets were prepared by replacing glucose with either 1% cholesterol or 1% cholesterol plus 0.5% cholic acid. Both atherogenic diets induced hypercholesterolemia, with serum cholesterol increased 202 and 336% above basal values for birds fed the cholesterol and cholesterol/cholic acid diets, respectively. The hypercholesterolemia was characterized by an increase in serum levels of very low density and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. No atherosclerotic lesions were found in birds fed the basal diet, but lesion incidence in the dorsal aorta and brachiocephalic arteries was 75 and 100% for birds fed the cholesterol and cholesterol/cholic acid diets, respectively. Arterial scores (percentage of arterial surface area covered by lesions), arterial cholesterol concentration and total liver cholesterol were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) for birds fed the cholic acid containing diet than for those fed the diet having cholesterol only. Severity of atherosclerotic score and arterial cholesterol concentration were positively correlated (P less than 0.01 in both cases) with serum cholesterol concentration. The two indices of the severity of atherosclerosis (arterial score and arterial cholesterol concentration) were highly and linearly correlated (r = 0.88, P less than 0.01). The SEA strain of quail appears to be a promising model for the study of atherosclerosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
26 citations
TL;DR: A comparison study of the amino acid requirements of Japanese quail and Ringneck pheasants found that the requirements for the total sulfur amino acid, glycine, and lysine were similar to that of Bobwhite quail.
25 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mothers of precocial birds influence epigenetically the ontogeny of endogenous rhythms of the young they raise, as well as rhythmic phenotypes of quail mothers influence the rhythmicphenotypes of their young.
Abstract: Development involves interactions between genetic and environmental influences. Vertebrate mothers are generally the first individuals to encounter and interact with young animals. Thus, their role is primordial during ontogeny. The present study evaluated non-genomic effects of mothers on the development of rhythms of precocial Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica). First, we investigated the influence of mothering on the ontogeny of endogenous rhythms of young. We compared circadian and ultradian rhythms of feeding activity of quail reared with or without adoptive mothers. More brooded than non-brooded quail presented a circadian and/or an ultradian rhythm. Thus, the presence of the mother during the normal brooding period favors, in the long term, expression of rhythms in the young. Second, we investigated the influence of rhythmic phenotype of the mother on the development of endogenous rhythms of young by comparing quail brooded by circadian-rhythmic adoptive mothers (R) to quail brooded by circadian-arrhythmic adoptive mothers (A). More R-brooded than A-brooded quail expressed circadian rhythmicity, and circadian rhythm clarities were greater in R-brooded than A-brooded quail. Ultradian rhythmicity did not differ between R- and A-brooded quail, nor between R and A adoptive mothers. Thus, the rhythmic phenotypes of quail mothers influence the rhythmic phenotypes of their young. Our results demonstrate that mothers of precocial birds influence epigenetically the ontogeny of endogenous rhythms of the young they raise.
25 citations
TL;DR: Long-term effects of prenatal stress is evaluated by analysing reproductive traits of Japanese quail females and, then, the development of their subsequent (F2) offspring, suggesting trans-generational transmission of prenatal Stress effects, probably mediated by egg compositions of F1PS females.
Abstract: The prenatal environment is a source of phenotypic variability influencing the animal's characteristics. Prenatal stress affects not only the development of offspring, but also that of the following generation. Such effects have been best documented in mammals but can also be observed in birds, suggesting common processes across phylogenetic orders. We found previously that Japanese quail females stressed during laying produced offspring with higher fearfulness, probably related to modulation of testosterone levels in their eggs. Here, we evaluated long-term effects of prenatal stress by analysing reproductive traits of these F1 offspring and, then, the development of their subsequent (F2) offspring. The sexual behaviour of F1 prenatally stressed (F1PS) males was impaired. F1PS females' eggs contained less yolk and more albumen, and higher yolk testosterone and progesterone levels than did F1 prenatal control females. The fearfulness of F2 prenatally stressed quail was greater than that of F2 prenatal control quail. These F2 behavioural differences paralleled those evidenced by their parents, suggesting trans-generational transmission of prenatal stress effects, probably mediated by egg compositions of F1PS females.
25 citations
TL;DR: It was clear that transient and continuous administration of melatonin increased the cellular and humoral immune responses of Japanese quail without prior immunosuppression, suggesting that the immunoenhancing effect ofmelatonin is not limited to reconstitution of weakened immune systems, but can be observed in normal, immunologically unsuppressed birds.
25 citations