Showing papers on "Countercurrent exchange published in 1970"
Patent•
07 Dec 1970
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a fluid-solved contact-parallel consisting of a plurality of ADS-borbent chams which are connected in a continuous closed loop system.
Abstract: A FLUID-SOLID CONTACTING APPARATUS COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF ADSORBENT CHAMBERS WHICH ARE SERIALLY CONNECTED IN A CONTINUOUS CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM. THE ADSORBENT CHAMBERS ARE INTERCONNECTED BY FLOW CONDIUTS WHICH ALSO CONTAIN FLUID TRANSFER TAPS AND THROUGH WHICH THE FLOW OF A FLUID MATERIAL MAY BE PASSED TO SIMULATE A COUNTERCURRENT CONTINUOUS TYPE FLOW PROCESS. THE APPARATUS CONTAINS UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOW DIRECTING MEANS WHICH ARE LOCATED BETWEN EACH ADSORBENT CHAMBER AND WHICH ALLOW A UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOW OF FLUID WHEN THERE IS FLOW BETWEEN THE ADSORBENT CHAMBERS.
112 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical analysis of multicomponent adiabatic exchange columns is presented, in which local equilibrium (of a nonlinear nature) obtains between the phases in contact.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the theory developed in Part I is applied to the adiabatic adsorption of a single solute subject to the Langmuir isotherm.
32 citations
Patent•
20 Feb 1970
TL;DR: A fluidized-bed heat exchanger as discussed by the authors is a set of compartments arranged side by side and separated by respective baffles forming weirs or overflow arrangements whereby particle transfer is from one compartment to another and each compartment is fluidized by the introduction of carrier or fluidizing gases.
Abstract: A fluidized-bed heat exchanger in which a plurality of compartments are arranged side by side and are separated by respective baffles forming weirs or overflow arrangements whereby particle transfer is from one compartment to another and each compartment is fluidized by the introduction of carrier or fluidizing gases from below. Within the individual compartments, heat exchangers are provided and are connected to conduct a cooling fluid from compartment to compartment countercurrent to the direction of movement of the particles. The cooling means or heat exchangers may be tube coils connected in series.
29 citations
Patent•
24 Jun 1970
TL;DR: In this article, an interphase MASS TRANSFER Process and APPARATUS is described for separating components in a binary or multi-component fluid in which the components have different VAPOR PRESSURE and are transferred between their LIQUID and VAPor PHASES.
Abstract: AN INTERPHASE MASS TRANSFER PROCESS AND APPARATUS IS DESCRIBED FOR SEPARATING COMPONENTS IN A BINARY OR MULTICOMPONENT FLUID IN WHICH THE COMPONENTS HAVE DIFFERENT VAPOR PRESSURE AND ARE TRANSFERRED BETWEEN THEIR LIQUID AND VAPOR PHASES. THE LIQUID PHASE IS SPREAD INTO A FILM ON A HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE AND IS DIRECTED OVER THE SURFACE IN ONE DIRECTION. THE VAPOR PHASE IS DIRECTED OVER THE FILM COUNTERCURRENT TO THE FLOW AND IN INTIMATE CONTACT WITH THE FILM WITH THE LIQUID AND VAPOR PHASE BEING IN THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM. SIMULTANEOUSLY HEAT IS TRANSFERRED BETWEEN THE SURFACE AND THE FILM TO TRANSFER ADDITIONAL MASS BETWEEN THE PHASES AS THE PHASES ARE FLOWING IN THERMODYNAMIC EQUILBRIUM COUNTERCURRENT TO EACH OTHER.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of countercurrent gas flow on the distribution of the liquid (water) is studied and the three phenomenological constants appearing in the physical model proposed previously by the authors for representing the liquid distribution in a packed column are determined as functions of the gas velocity.
18 citations
16 citations
Patent•
15 Apr 1970
TL;DR: In this article, an ION EXCHANGE APPARATUS and METHOD for the soFTENING and/or DESALTing of WATER by country's current flow, is provided.
Abstract: IN AN ION EXCHANGE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE SOFTENING AND/OR DESALTING OF WATER BY COUNTERCURRENT FLOW, AN ION EXCHANGE COLUMN, CONTAINING ALTERNATELY CATION EXCHANGE MATERIAL AND ANION EXCHANGE MATERIAL, IS PROVIDED WITH A PAIR OF REGENERATING COLUMNS BEING CONNECTED TO SAID EXCHANGE COLUMN, WITH ONE RECEIVING SPENT CATION MATERIAL AND THE OTHER SPENT ANION MATERIAL, AND A WASHING COLUMN CONNECTED TO EACH REGENERATION COLUMN AND TO THE EXCHANGE COLUMN SO THAT UPON THE REGENERATION AND WASHING OF THE CATION AND ANION EXCHANGE MATERIALS, EACH WILL BE PASSED TO THEIR RESPECTIVE ZONE.
15 citations
Patent•
13 Mar 1970
TL;DR: In this article, a selective liquid solvent is fed through a treating zone countercurrent to the mixture of chemicals in such a way that a multistage leaching or solvent crystallization operation is carried out.
Abstract: A process for separating components of a mixture of chemicals in which a selective liquid solvent is fed through a treating zone countercurrent to the mixture of chemicals in such a fashion that a multistage leaching or solvent crystallization operation is carried out.
15 citations
Patent•
14 Sep 1970TL;DR: In this article, a fixable ADSORPTION BED CONTAINING A 5-A. ZEOLITIC MOLECULAR SIEVE ADSORBENT was used to cope with the super-atmOSPHERIC pressure.
Abstract: NORMAL PARAFFINS ARE SEPARATED FROM ADMIXTURE WITH NON-NORMAL PARAFFINS IN THE VAPOR PHASE AT SUPER-ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE USING A FIXED ADSORPTION BED CONTAINING A 5-A. ZEOLITIC MOLECULAR SIEVE ADSORBENT. HIGH PURITY NORMALS ARE OBTAINED IF THE ADSORPTION STROKE IS CONTINUED UNTIL THE STOICHIOMETRIC POINT OF THE NORMALS MASS TRANSFER ZONE HAS TRAVERSED TO BETWEEN 85 AND 97 PERCENT OF THE BED LENGTH AND THEREAFTER TWO COUNTERCURRENT PURGE STAGES USING A NON-SORBABLE PERMANENT GAS ARE EMPLOYED, THE FIRST BEING ONLY SUFFICIENT TO FLUSH THE VAPORS FROM THE BED VOID SPACE.
14 citations
Patent•
01 Dec 1970
TL;DR: A fluidized bed reactor as mentioned in this paper is a type of bed reactor with a plurality of superposed plates with common orifices for use in catalytic reactions, substance transfer processes and/or heat transfer processes.
Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor, and a method of operating thereof, wherein fluidized material passes downwards and the fluidizing material passes upwards in countercurrent, having a plurality of superposed plates with common orifices for use in catalytic reactions, substance transfer processes and/or heat transfer processes.
Patent•
03 Feb 1970
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a process for discharging solids treated with liquids from vertical columns, where the treated solids are transported by means of a conveyor to a circulating auxiliary liquid with variable hydrostatic pressure and from there to the subsequent stage of treatment.
Abstract: In the process for discharging solids treated with liquids from vertical columns, the treated solids are transported by means of a conveyor to a circulating auxiliary liquid with variable hydrostatic pressure and from there to the subsequent stage of treatment. By varying the hydrostatic pressure of the cycle of auxiliary liquid, the pressure conditions in the system can be adjusted in a manner to permit discharging from the column pure solid or solid with a defined amount of adhering liquid, or introducing defined amounts of liquid from the auxiliary cycle into the column in countercurrent flow with respect to the direction of flow of the solid.