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Countercurrent exchange

About: Countercurrent exchange is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2255 publications have been published within this topic receiving 28687 citations. The topic is also known as: Countercurrent exchange.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a countercurrent moving-bed chromatographic (CMSC) this article was used for hydrogenation of mesitylene with excess hydrogen over a Pt on alumina catalyst.

55 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the hydrodynamic behavior of countercurrent columns with two random packings, Raschig rings and Berl saddles, and two gauze packings was scrutinized at temperatures between 313 and 373 K and pressures between 8 and 30 MPa using carbon dioxide as the supercritical solvent and water and olive oil deodorizer distillate as liquid phases.
Abstract: The hydrodynamic behavior, i.e., flooding, liquid holdup, and pressure drop of countercurrent columns with two random packings, Raschig rings and Berl saddles, and two gauze packings, Sulzer CY and Sulzer EX, is scrutinized at temperatures between 313 and 373 K and pressures between 8 and 30 MPa using carbon dioxide as the supercritical solvent and water and olive oil deodorizer distillate as liquid phases. Two models are employed to correlate the experimental data: a sophisticated mechanistic approach based on the liquid holdup and a well-known empirical approach for the flooding point. The experimental data for the dry pressure drop and the liquid holdup below the loading point are successfully correlated using modified models from normal pressure operation. The flooding points can be correlated with good accuracy as well.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a modified separate flow model (MSFM) is developed to numerically investigate the heat and mass transfer behaviors in porous media, and the effects of capillarity, liquid phase change, nonisothermal two-phase region and the local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) are considered.

54 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents the model equations and results of the convergence tests, and shows plots of blood and tissue temperatures along the axis of the model for combinations of parameters including the effect of countercurrent heat exchange between the artery and the vein.
Abstract: A model of the thermal behavior of an extremity, e.g., a finger, is presented. The model includes the effects of heat conduction, metabolic heat generation, heat transport by blood perfusion, heat exchange between the tissue and the large blood vessels, and arterio-venous heat exchange. Heat exchange with the environment through a layer of thermal insulation, depicting thermal handwear, is also considered. The tissue is subdivided into four concentric layers simulating, from the center outward, core, muscle, fat, and skin. Differential heat balance equations are formulated for the tissue and for the major artery and the major vein traversing the finger. These coupled equations are solved numerically by a finite-difference, alternating direction method employing a Thomas algorithm. The numerical scheme was extensively tested for its stability and convergence. This paper presents the model equations and results of the convergence tests, and shows plots of blood and tissue temperatures along the axis of the model for combinations of parameters including the effect of countercurrent heat exchange between the artery and the vein.

53 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202358
2022115
202127
202041
201947
201849