Topic
Countercurrent exchange
About: Countercurrent exchange is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2255 publications have been published within this topic receiving 28687 citations. The topic is also known as: Countercurrent exchange.
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TL;DR: In this article, the flow between an upper reservoir, containing a liquid, and a lower reservoir containing a gas, interconnected by parallel vertical tubes is analyzed analytically and demonstrated experimentally.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a dynamic mathematical model for a countercurrent MCFC with direct internal methane reforming is introduced, which allows for the simulation of the gas phase compositions and flows, the temperatures in gas and solid phases, the cell voltage, and the current density distribution.
Abstract: A dynamic mathematical model for a countercurrent MCFC with direct internal methane reforming is introduced. It allows for the simulation of the gas phase compositions and flows, the temperatures in gas and solid phases, the cell voltage, and the current density distribution. This state space model is fully formulated in terms of dimensionless parameter groups, which are derived from the underlying physical and chemical phenomena. The model assumptions and equations are outlined in detail and a numerical solution strategy is proposed. The model is used to predict the current-voltage curve as well as the dynamic cell response to a stepwise load change.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, closed form expressions for the effectiveness-NTU relations are derived for triple concentric-tube heat exchangers including both counter-flow and parallel-flow arrangements, and some representative data for both types of flow arrangements are presented in graphical form.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a two-stage concurrently and countercurrently operated fixed-bed reactors were investigated to remove sulpfur and aromatics in producing ultra-clean diesel fuel under similar operating conditions, the sulfur concentration in the produced oil through countercurrent operation is much less than under concurrent flow.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the axial mixing in the continuous phase was found to be significantly higher than in the dispersed phase, and the model parameters were related to the operating conditions and system variables.
Abstract: The residence time distribution (RTD) of the phase under continuous flow and dispersed flow was measured in a plate-pulsed column under countercurrent liquid-liquid flow, and modelled using (i) the axial dispersion model and (ii) the noninteger ideal stage cascade model. The axial mixing in the continuous phase was found to be significantly higher than in the dispersed phase. The model parameters were related to the operating conditions and system variables.
34 citations