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Crack closure

About: Crack closure is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 28157 publications have been published within this topic receiving 588158 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an elastic solution has been found for a screw dislocation near a crack in the absence of any external stresses, where the dislocation produces a stress intensity factor on the crack even without external stresses.

204 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite element framework for the simulation of the nucleation, growth and coalescence of multiple cracks in solids is presented. But the simulation is restricted to brittle solids.
Abstract: The cohesive segments method is a finite element framework that allows for the simulation of the nucleation, growth and coalescence of multiple cracks in solids. In this framework, cracks are introduced as jumps in the displacement field by employing the partition of unity property of finite element shape functions. The magnitude of these jumps are governed by cohesive constitutive relations. In this paper, the cohesive segments method is extended for the simulation of fast crack propagation in brittle solids. The performance of the method is demonstrated in several examples involving crack growth in linear elastic solids under plane stress conditions: tensile loading of a block; shear loading of a block and crack growth along and near a bi-material interface.

203 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an initial study was made of characteristics of ultralow growth rate fatigue crack propagation in thick-section, normalized 2 1/4 Cr-1Mo pressure vessel steel (ASTM A387, Class 2 Grade 22), and a new approach was presented in terms of the role of oxide debris from moist environments in promoting crack closure.
Abstract: As part of an ongoing program to examine subcritical flaw growth in candidate steels for proposed coal gasifier pressure vessels, an initial study is made of characteristics of ultralow growth rate fatigue crack propagation in thick-section, normalized 2 1/4 Cr-1Mo pressure vessel steel (ASTM A387, Class 2 Grade 22). Crack propagation data are generated over a wide range of growth rates, from 10−8 to 10−2 mm/cycle, for load ratios between 0.05 and 0.80 at ambient temperatures in low pressure environments of moist air, dry hydrogen gas and dry argon gas. Particular emphasis is placed on behavior at near-threshold growth rates, below 10−6 mm/cycle, approaching the so-called threshold stress intensity for fatigue crack growth, ΔK0 . Near-threshold growth rates, in addition to showing a marked sensitivity to load ratio, are found to be significantly enhanced in gaseous hydrogen compared to air. Similar environmentally-enhanced growth is observed in argon gas. To account for such results, previous models of threshold behavior based on environmental factors (e.g., hydrogen embrittlement) are questioned, and a new approach is presented in terms of the role of oxide debris from moist environments in promoting crack closure. This oxide-induced closure model is found to be consistent with most experimental observations of near-threshold fatigue crack propagation behavior and is proposed as a mechanism for environmental effects at ultra-low growth rates.

203 citations

Book
31 Mar 1998
TL;DR: Rice et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a method for growing cracks under elastic-plastic conditions and found that the size of the cracks in a crack is correlated with the severity of the crack growth.
Abstract: Overview Introduction Classification of Fracture Mechanics Regimes History of Developments in Fracture Mechanics Review of Solid Mechanics Stress Strain Elasticity Plasticity Consideration of Creep Component Analysis in the Plastic Regime Fully Plastic/Limit Loads Review of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics Basic Concepts Crack Tip Plasticity Compliance Relationships Fracture Toughness and Predictive Fracture in Components Subcritical Crack Growth Limitations of LEFM Analysis of Cracks under Elastic-Plastic Conditions Introduction Rice's J-Integral J-Integral, Crack Tip Stress Fields, and Crack Tip Opening Displacement J-Integral as a Fracture Parameter and Its Limitations Methods of Estimating J-Integral Analytical Solutions J-Integral for Test Specimens J for Growing Cracks Numerically Obtained Solutions Tables of J-Solutions Crack Growth Resistance Curves Fracture Parameters under Elastic-Plastic Loading Experimental Methods for Determining Stable Crack Growth and Fracture Special Considerations for Weldments Instability, Dynamic Fracture, and Crack Arrest Fracture Instability Fracture under Dynamic Conditions Crack Arrest Test Methods for Dynamic Fracture and Crack Arrest Constraint Effects and Microscopic Aspects of Fracture Higher Order Terms of Asymptotic Series Cleavage Fracture Ductile Fracture Ductile-Brittle Transition Fatigue Crack Growth under Large-Scale Plasticity Crack Tip Cyclic Plasticity, Damage, and Crack Closure ?J-Integral Test Methods for Characterizing FCGR under Large Plasticity Conditions Behavior of Small Cracks Analysis of Cracks in Creeping Materials Stress Analysis of Cracks Under Steady-State Creep Analysis of Cracks under Small-Scale and Transition Creep Consideration of Primary Creep Effects of Crack Growth on the Crack Tip Stress Fields Crack Growth in Creep-Brittle Materials Creep Crack Growth Test Methods for Characterizing Creep Crack Growth Microscopic Aspects of Creep Crack Growth Creep Crack Growth in Weldments Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Early Approaches for Characterizing Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior Time-Dependent Fracture Mechanics Parameters for Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Methods of Determining (Ct)avg Experimental Methods for Characterizing Creep Crack Growth Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Correlations Case Studies Applications of Fracture Mechanics Fracture Mechanics Analysis Methodology Case Studies Appendices Index

203 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
C. Gurney1, J. Hunt1
TL;DR: In this paper, a general theory of quasi-static crack propagation is formulated, subject to chosen constraints, and general stability criteria under monotonically increasing load and displacement are presented.
Abstract: When cracks of any size spread in brittle materials and when large cracks spread in large structures of ductile materials, irreversible deformation is confined to a small volume of material contiguous with the crack surfaces. A general theory of quasi-static crack propagation under such conditions is formulated. The stability of crack propagation is subject to chosen constraints, and general stability criteria under monotonically increasing load and displacement are presented. Experiments in which cracks are spread quasi-statically are described, and by recording both load and corresponding displacement of load, the local specific work of crack spreading, or fracture toughness ( R ) may be deduced without calculation of the elastic stress distribution or even measuring the shape of the test piece. By causing the crack to spread at a range of speeds, variation of R with speed of crack front may be found. When R is independent of scale, it is shown that the stress intensity to propagate geometrically similar cracks in geometrically similar structures varies inversely as the square root of the size. A principle controlling the path of a quasi-static crack is proposed and some experimental confirmation is offered. An interpretation of crack spreading under cyclic loading is given.

203 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023219
2022536
2021143
2020154
2019172
2018244