Showing papers on "Credibility published in 2019"
TL;DR: In this paper, preliminary research involves preliminary research to understand the mechanism by which influencer marketing affects the effectiveness of influencer campaigns, and the results show that the effect of influencers' marketing on the performance of online advertising has been studied.
Abstract: In the past few years, expenditure on influencer marketing has grown exponentially. The present study involves preliminary research to understand the mechanism by which influencer marketing affects...
739 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define the parameters that define a posthuman knowing subject, her scientific credibility and ethical accountability, and take the posthumanities as an emergent field of enquiry based on the convergence of convergent theories.
Abstract: What are the parameters that define a posthuman knowing subject, her scientific credibility and ethical accountability? Taking the posthumanities as an emergent field of enquiry based on the conver...
429 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of sustainability disclosure regulations on firms' disclosure practices and valuations was examined, and the authors found that the increased likelihood by treated firms of voluntarily receiving assurance to enhance disclosure credibility and increased likelihood of voluntarily adopting reporting guidelines that enhance disclosure comparability.
Abstract: A key aspect of the governance process inside organizations and markets is the measurement and disclosure of important metrics and information. In this chapter, we examine the effect of sustainability disclosure regulations on firms’ disclosure practices and valuations. Specifically, we explore the implications of regulations mandating the disclosure of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) information in China, Denmark, Malaysia, and South Africa using differences-in-differences estimation with propensity score matched samples. We find that relative to propensity score matched control firms, treated firms significantly increased disclosure following the regulations. We also find increased likelihood by treated firms of voluntarily receiving assurance to enhance disclosure credibility and increased likelihood of voluntarily adopting reporting guidelines that enhance disclosure comparability. These results suggest that even in the absence of a regulation that mandates the adoption of assurance or specific guidelines, firms seek the qualitative properties of comparability and credibility. Instrumental variables analysis suggests that increases in sustainability disclosure driven by the regulation are associated with increases in firm valuations, as reflected in Tobin’s Q. Collectively, the evidence suggest that current efforts to increase transparency around organizations’ impact on society are effective at improving disclosure quantity and quality as well as corporate value.
396 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a Bayesian framework is used to explain climate change belief updating, and the evidence required to support claims of directional motivated reasoning versus a model in which people aim for accurate beliefs, but vary in how they assess information credibility.
Abstract: Despite a scientific consensus, citizens are divided when it comes to climate change — often along political lines. Democrats or liberals tend to believe that human activity is a primary cause of climate change, whereas Republicans or conservatives are much less likely to hold this belief. A prominent explanation for this divide is that it stems from directional motivated reasoning: individuals reject new information that contradicts their standing beliefs. In this Review, we suggest that the empirical evidence is not so clear, and is equally consistent with a theory in which citizens strive to form accurate beliefs but vary in what they consider to be credible evidence. This suggests a new research agenda on climate change preference formation, and has implications for effective communication. In this Review, a Bayesian framework is used to explain climate change belief updating, and the evidence required to support claims of directional motivated reasoning versus a model in which people aim for accurate beliefs, but vary in how they assess information credibility.
300 citations
17 Jul 2019
TL;DR: This paper proposes an efficient collapsed Gibbs sampling approach to infer the truths of news and the users’ credibility without any labelled data, and shows that the proposed method significantly outperforms the compared unsupervised methods.
Abstract: Social media has become one of the main channels for people to access and consume news, due to the rapidness and low cost of news dissemination on it. However, such properties of social media also make it a hotbed of fake news dissemination, bringing negative impacts on both individuals and society. Therefore, detecting fake news has become a crucial problem attracting tremendous research effort. Most existing methods of fake news detection are supervised, which require an extensive amount of time and labor to build a reliably annotated dataset. In search of an alternative, in this paper, we investigate if we could detect fake news in an unsupervised manner. We treat truths of news and users’ credibility as latent random variables, and exploit users’ engagements on social media to identify their opinions towards the authenticity of news. We leverage a Bayesian network model to capture the conditional dependencies among the truths of news, the users’ opinions, and the users’ credibility. To solve the inference problem, we propose an efficient collapsed Gibbs sampling approach to infer the truths of news and the users’ credibility without any labelled data. Experiment results on two datasets show that the proposed method significantly outperforms the compared unsupervised methods.
187 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between source credibility, self-presentation, and consumer behavior towards micro-celebrity endorsements and found that users deem microcelebrities credible if they follow certain criteria of online behavior and self-Presentation.
Abstract: Companies increasingly use micro-celebrities for product endorsement However, there are concerns around the self-presentation and credibility of this source of information online This study examines the relationships between source credibility, self-presentation, and consumer behavior towards micro-celebrity endorsements In-depth interviews were conducted with 38 female active users of Instagram, from Russia, to explore the impact of micro-celebrities’ credibility and self-presentation upon consumer purchase decisions This study attempts to construct an extended source credibility framework applicable to the online context The findings show that users deem micro-celebrities credible if they follow certain criteria of online behavior and self-presentation
154 citations
TL;DR: This investigation investigates whether changing the content of news articles affects the believability of the article, and whether it matters who wrote the article.
Abstract: News—real or fake—is now abundant on social media. News posts on social media focus users’ attention on the headlines, but does it matter who wrote the article? We investigate whether changing the presentation format to highlight the source of the article affects its believability and how social media users choose to engage with it. We conducted two experiments and found that nudging users to think about who wrote the article influenced the extent to which they believed it. The presentation format of highlighting the source had a main effect; it made users more skeptical of all articles, regardless of the source’s credibility. For unknown sources, low source ratings had a direct effect on believability. Believability, in turn, influenced the extent to which users would engage with the article (e.g., read, like, comment, and share). We also found confirmation bias to be rampant: users were more likely to believe articles that aligned with their beliefs, over and above the effects of other factors.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a model that outlines how emotional brand attachment with social media explains social media consumer-based brand equity via shaping consumer perceptions of brand credibility and consumer satisfaction.
Abstract: The ever-growing popularity of social media platforms is evidence of consumers engaging emotionally with these brands Given the prominence of social media in society, the purpose of this paper is to understand social media platforms from a “brand” perspective through examining the effect of consumers’ emotional attachment on social media consumer-based brand equity (CBBE),This paper develops a model that outlines how emotional brand attachment with social media explains social media CBBE via shaping consumer perceptions of brand credibility and consumer satisfaction An online survey of 340 Australian social media consumers provided data for empirical testing The inclusion of multiple context-relevant covariates and use of a method-variance-adjusted data matrix, as well as an examination of an alternative model, adds robustness to the results,The findings of this paper support the conceptual model, and the authors identify strong relationships between the focal variables A phantom model analysis explicates specific indirect effects of emotional brand attachment on CBBE The authors also find support for a fully mediated effect of emotional brand attachment on social media brand equity Further, they broaden the nomological network of emotional brand attachment, outlining key outcomes,This paper offers a conceptual mechanism (a chain-of-effects) of how consumer emotional brand attachment with social media brands translates into social media CBBE It also finds that a brand’s credibility as well as its ability to perform against consumer expectations (ie satisfaction) are equally effective in translating emotional brand attachment into social media CBBE,Social media brands are constantly challenged by rapid change and ongoing criticism over such issues as data privacy The implications from this paper suggest that managers should make investments in creating (reinforcing) emotional connections with social media consumers, as this will favorably impact CBBE by way of a relational mechanism, that is, via enhancing credibility and consumer satisfaction,Lately, social media in general has suffered from a crisis of trust in society The enhanced credibility of social media brands resulting from consumers’ emotional attachments will potentially serve to enhance its acceptance as a credible form of media in society,Social media platforms are often examined as brand-building platforms This paper adopts a different perspective, examining social media platforms as brands per se and the effects of emotional attachments that consumers develop towards these This paper offers valuable insights into how consumers’ emotional attachments drive vital brand judgments such as credibility and satisfaction, ultimately culminating into social media CBBE
139 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: The results show that the credibility of information in the D-AHP method slightly impacts the ranking of alternatives, but the priority weights of alternatives are influenced in a relatively obvious extent.
Abstract: Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) has attracted wide interest due to its extensive applications in practice. In our previous study, a method called D-AHP (AHP method extended by D numbers preference relation) was proposed to study the MCDM problems based on a D numbers extended fuzzy preference relation, and a solution for the D-AHP method has been given to obtain the weights and ranking of alternatives from the decision data, in which the results obtained by using the D-AHP method are influenced by the credibility of information. However, in previous study the impact of information’s credibility on the results is not sufficiently investigated, which becomes an unsolved issue in the D-AHP. In this paper, we focus on the credibility of information within the D-AHP method and study its impact on the results of a MCDM problem. Information with different credibilities including high, medium and low, respectively, is taken into consideration. The results show that the credibility of information in the D-AHP method slightly impacts the ranking of alternatives, but the priority weights of alternatives are influenced in a relatively obvious extent.
128 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents a confidence consensus-based model for large-scale group decision making that provides a novel approach to addressing non-cooperative behaviors and combines rationality andNon-cooperation of the adjustment information to construct the concept of a confidence level.
127 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors suggest that the production of knowledge relevant to sustainable development entails analytic engagement with norms and values through four tasks: first, to unravel and critically reflect on the ethical values involved in sustainability, values should increasingly become an empirical and theoretical object of sustainability research; second, to ensure that research on social-ecological systems is related to sustainability values; and third, to find common ground on what sustainability means for specific situations, scientists should engage in deliberative learning processes with societal actors, with a view to jointly reflecting on existing development visions and creating new, contextualized
Abstract: The UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development stresses the fundamental role science should play in implementing the 17 Sustainable Development Goals endorsed by the global community. But how can and should researchers respond to this societal demand on science? We argue that answering this question requires systematic engagement with the fundamental normative dimensions of the 2030 Agenda and those of the scientific community—and with the implications these dimensions have for research and practice. We suggest that the production of knowledge relevant to sustainable development entails analytic engagement with norms and values through four tasks. First, to unravel and critically reflect on the ethical values involved in sustainability, values should increasingly become an empirical and theoretical object of sustainability research. Second, to ensure that research on social–ecological systems is related to sustainability values, researchers should reflect on and spell out what sustainability values guide their research, taking into account possible interdependencies, synergies, and trade-offs. Third, to find common ground on what sustainability means for specific situations, scientists should engage in deliberative learning processes with societal actors, with a view to jointly reflecting on existing development visions and creating new, contextualized ones. Fourth, this implies that researchers and scientific disciplines must clarify their own ethical and epistemic values, as this defines accountability and shapes identification of problems, research questions, and results. We believe that ignoring these tasks, whether one is in favor or critical of the 2030 Agenda, will undermine the credibility and relevance of scientific contributions for sustainable development.
TL;DR: This article investigated the effect of fake news on consumers' evaluations of a brand advertised on the same webpage and found that the news' objective truthfulness has no direct effect on behavioral intentions toward the brand (i.e., intention to purchase, spread word-of-mouth or visit the brand's store).
TL;DR: The results show that vlogs with high levels of audience participation are more likely to increase the acceptance of the brand's endorsement via enhanced credibility perceptions among viewers, and time should be spent choosing vloggers who are active in the online community.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the role of celebrity credibility, celebrity familiarity, celebrity brand value, and brand sustainability awareness on attitude towards celebrity, brand, and purchase intention for sustainable consumption.
Abstract: Taking into consideration the increasing role of sustainability in the luxury industry, our study investigates the role of celebrity credibility, celebrity familiarity, luxury brand value, and brand sustainability awareness on attitude towards celebrity, brand, and purchase intention for sustainable consumption. For this, we explored relationships among these variables to test a conceptual model which is developed using existing knowledge available in academic research on this topic. Data for testing were collected from high-end retail stores in the UK about the world top luxury brands by brand value in 2019, also acknowledged for their major engagement in sustainability. Findings from a survey of 514 consumers suggest that celebrity credibility is a very strong key to increasing purchase intentions of sustainable luxury goods. The study has important implications for the expansion of current literature, theory development and business practices. Limitations of the study are also outlined, and directions for future research are considered too.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the impact of various factors on the quality of environmental disclosure, focusing on factors related to the strategy and vision of the firm (environmental audit, presence of an environmental committee), diversity of and within boards (independence of the board, gender diversity) and factors related with the environment (e.g., environmental performance, degree of pollution of the company).
Abstract: We examine the impact of various factors on the quality of environmental disclosure. Combining multi-theories in a unique framework, it focuses on factors related to the strategy and vision of the firm (environmental audit, presence of an environmental committee), diversity of and within boards (independence of the board, gender diversity) and factors related to the environment (environmental performance, degree of pollution of the company). This study involves an attempt to develop a self-constructed index to measure environmental disclosure quality using qualitative attributes as provided by IASB and GRI frameworks and following (Chauvey et al. in J Bus Ethics, 130(4):789–803, 2014). A number of econometric techniques are used including panel data specifications using a sample of French listed companies in SBF120 for the period 2009–2014. The study found that quality of disclosure remains relatively low. In addition, the findings indicate that a company’s strategy and vision (environmental audit), diversity in boards (gender diversity) and environmental performance play significant roles in explaining variations in quality of environmental disclosure. This paper sheds light on whether various factors could affect the credibility of disclosed information using a multi theory framework. Standards setters and policy makers are recommended to think about implementing a generally accepted framework of non-financial reporting to answer the demand for more transparency and accountability. This paper fills the gap in the literature by highlighting an unexplored area of literature related to the quality of non-financial reporting drawing upon the regulatory framework of financial reporting.
TL;DR: This study employs the Computers are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm to extend the predictions of Social Identity Theory to human-robot interaction (HRI) in the context of instructional communication and demonstrated that higher age identified students rated the older A.I. voice instructor higher for credibility and social presence and reported more motivation to learn.
TL;DR: A 6-batch large-scale online experiment using Amazon Mechanical Turk that probes how people evaluate image credibility across online platforms found that participants’ Internet skills, photo-editing experience, and social media use were significant predictors of image credibility evaluation.
Abstract: Fake or manipulated images propagated through the Web and social media have the capacity to deceive, emotionally distress, and influence public opinions and actions. Yet few studies have examined how individuals evaluate the authenticity of images that accompany online stories. This article details a 6-batch large-scale online experiment using Amazon Mechanical Turk that probes how people evaluate image credibility across online platforms. In each batch, participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 28 news-source mockups featuring a forged image, and they evaluated the credibility of the images based on several features. We found that participants’ Internet skills, photo-editing experience, and social media use were significant predictors of image credibility evaluation, while most social and heuristic cues of online credibility (e.g. source trustworthiness, bandwagon, intermediary trustworthiness) had no significant impact. Viewers’ attitude toward a depicted issue also positively influenced their credibi...
TL;DR: This paper argued that making hypotheses explicit is just one feature of pre-registration, and that flexibility can be tracked using preregistration and that pre-registering would provide a check on subjectivity.
Abstract: The threat to reproducibility and awareness of current rates of research misbehavior sparked initiatives to better academic science. One initiative is preregistration of quantitative research. We investigate whether the preregistration format could also be used to boost the credibility of qualitative research. A crucial distinction underlying preregistration is that between prediction and postdiction. In qualitative research, data are used to decide which way interpretation should move forward, using data to generate hypotheses and new research questions. Qualitative research is thus a real-life example of postdiction research. Some may object to the idea of preregistering qualitative studies because qualitative research generally does not test hypotheses, and because qualitative research design is typically flexible and subjective. We rebut these objections, arguing that making hypotheses explicit is just one feature of preregistration, that flexibility can be tracked using preregistration, and that preregistration would provide a check on subjectivity. We then contextualize preregistrations alongside another initiative to enhance credibility in qualitative research: the confirmability audit. Besides, preregistering qualitative studies is practically useful to combating dissemination bias and could incentivize qualitative researchers to report constantly on their study's development. We conclude with suggested modifications to the Open Science Framework preregistration form to tailor it for qualitative studies.
18 Jul 2019
TL;DR: An LSTM model is proposed that incorporates emotional signals extracted from the text of the claims to differentiate between credible and non-credible ones and experiments show the importance of emotional signals for credibility assessment.
Abstract: The spread of false information on the Web is one of the main problems of our society. Automatic detection of fake news posts is a hard task since they are intentionally written to mislead the readers and to trigger intense emotions to them in an attempt to be disseminated in the social networks. Even though recent studies have explored different linguistic patterns of false claims, the role of emotional signals has not yet been explored. In this paper, we study the role of emotional signals in fake news detection. In particular, we propose an LSTM model that incorporates emotional signals extracted from the text of the claims to differentiate between credible and non-credible ones. Experiments on real world datasets show the importance of emotional signals for credibility assessment.
23 Apr 2019
TL;DR: Various Machine learning approaches in detection of fake and fabricated news are reviewed and the limitation of such and approaches and improvisation by way of implementing deep learning is also reviewed.
Abstract: The easy access and exponential growth of the information available on social media networks has made it intricate to distinguish between false and true information. The easy dissemination of information by way of sharing has added to exponential growth of its falsification. The credibility of social media networks is also at stake where the spreading of fake information is prevalent. Thus, it has become a research challenge to automatically check the information viz a viz its source, content and publisher for categorizing it as false or true. Machine learning has played a vital role in classification of the information although with some limitations. This paper reviews various Machine learning approaches in detection of fake and fabricated news. The limitation of such and approaches and improvisation by way of implementing deep learning is also reviewed.
TL;DR: Five factors are analyzed that have a significant impact on e-WOM perceived credibility and adoption on TripAdvisor and other social tourism platforms and these factors are important drivers of the e-wom perceived credibility resulting in the e.WOM adoption.
Abstract: In recent years, electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) has been widely used by consumers on different online platforms. The numerous studies have emphasized the growing importance of e-WOM for the consumer decision-making process, particularly in the tourist sector. There are various factors that will influence the adoption of e-WOM by the users but among all these factors, credibility is of paramount importance. Changes in the platform, new consumer trends, and possible fake information require a continuous update and analysis of the factors that can influence the e-WOM perceived credibility and e-WOM adoption on TripAdvisor and other social tourism platforms. In the present study, we analyzed the following five factors that can impact e-WOM perceived credibility and e-WOM adoption: 1) volume of e-WOM; 2) source credibility; 3) rate extremism; 4) consumer involvement, and; 5) perceived e-WOM credibility. For the analysis, the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and PLS-SEM were used. The sample consisted of a total of 221 participants who responded to the questionnaire. The results revealed that, with the exception rate extremism, the four remaining factors have a significant impact on e-WOM perceived credibility and adoption. Therefore, these factors are important drivers of the e-WOM perceived credibility resulting in the e-WOM adoption. The results of the present study provide meaningful practical implications for hotel or social tourism platforms managers in terms of possible strategies to improve their online reputation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of socially responsible activities on shareholder value creation in a sample of 166 banks from 31 countries over the 2010-2015 period is studied, and the relationship between these two magnitudes distinguishing between environmental, social, and corporate governance actions as well as between countries taking into account the level of development, legal systems, and geographic area.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the role of socially responsible activities on shareholder value creation in a sample of 166 banks from 31 countries over the 2010–2015 period. Prior research about this relationship is scarce and limited to the period before and during the global financial crisis. In contrast, this research analyzes banks over a period of time when these institutions have increased their social responsibility practices in order to reinforce their credibility and the trust their stakeholders have in them. More precisely, we analyze the relationship between these two magnitudes distinguishing between environmental, social, and corporate governance actions as well as between countries taking into account the level of development, legal systems, and the geographic area. Our findings are relevant not only for academics, but also for the managers of these companies, policymakers, investors, and society in general.
TL;DR: This article found that exposure to these guidelines did not diminish individuals' likelihood to trust, like, or share legitimate climate news on Facebook, but did not affect their likelihood to like or share fake news about climate change.
Abstract: Fake news about climate change refers to fabricated information that mimics the appearance of legitimate reporting but is intended to mislead consumers. In light of concerns about fake news regarding climate change and other topics, researchers and media providers have been searching for ways to limit its spread and influence. This study tested the effect of two simple interventions, both of which primed critical thinking, on individuals’ evaluation of the credibility of real and fake news about climate change on Facebook. Through an online experiment (n = 2,750 participants), participants either read a series of guidelines for evaluating news online, or read and then rated the importance of each guideline; a control group was not exposed to guidelines of any type. We found that participants exposed to both types of guidelines reported a reduced likelihood to trust, like, and share fake news about climate change on Facebook. Importantly, exposure to these guidelines did not diminish individuals’ likelihood to trust, like, or share legitimate climate news. The effect sizes for both types of intervention were small. However, because of the scale and speed at which social media operates, even a small reduction in users’ likelihood to trust, like, and share fake news could be meaningful and impactful.
TL;DR: This paper found that information from celebrities, social media influencers, and people whom they know in real life affects millennial consumers' purchasing decisions, and investigated how celebrities, influencers and real life people affect consumers' buying decisions.
Abstract: Studies have found that information from celebrities, social media influencers, and people whom they know in real life affects millennial consumers’ purchasing decisions. This study investigates ho...
TL;DR: Intellectual candour is proposed as a means of inviting reciprocal vulnerability, an improvisational expression of doubts, thoughts and problems with the dual purpose of learning and promoting others’ learning.
Abstract: The tension between expressing vulnerability and seeking credibility creates challenges for learning and teaching. This is particularly true in health care, in which practitioners are regarded as highly credible and making errors can often lead to dire consequences and blame. From a transformative learning perspective, expressing vulnerability may help individuals to access different ways of knowing. By contrast, from a sociological perspective, seeking to maintain credibility results in ritualised interactions and these ritualised encounters can reinforce credibility. One means of embracing this tension between expressing vulnerability and appearing credible is 'intellectual candour', an improvisational expression of doubts, thoughts and problems with the dual purpose of learning and promoting others' learning. Educators' revelations of inner struggles are proposed as a means of inviting reciprocal vulnerability. This builds trust and a platform for learning, particularly of the transformative nature. It also allows modelling of how to balance the vulnerability-credibility tension, which may provide a template for professional practice.
TL;DR: The authors examined the effects of Instagram posts' source types and product-placement types on brand attitude and credibility perception, and found that consumers differently react to product placement on Instagram influencers' accounts depending on whether the influencers are present versus absent.
Abstract: An online experiment examined the effects of Instagram posts’ source types and product-placement types on brand attitude and credibility perception. A 2 (source: brand versus Instagram influencer) × 2 (product placement: product-only [explicit product placement] versus influencer-with-product [moderate product placement]) between-subjects factorial experiment (N = 304) tested the effects of the two manipulated factors on source credibility, corporate credibility, and attitude toward brand posts. Two-way ANOVAs indicate a main effect of source types on perceived trustworthiness and interaction effects of product-placement and source types on perceived expertise, corporate credibility, and attitude toward brand posts. Consumers exposed to brand as the source conditions indicated no difference in corporate credibility and brand attitude regardless of product-placement types. In contrast, consumers exposed to Instagram influencer as the source conditions indicated higher corporate credibility and more positive attitude toward brand posts when exposed to the influencer-with-product conditions than when exposed to the product-only conditions. Consumers differently react to product placement on Instagram influencers’ accounts depending on whether the influencers are present versus absent. Consumers react negatively to influencers’ posts when they do not appear with the products they endorse. Parasocial interaction mediates the relationship between product/brand placement types and corporate credibility.
TL;DR: The results indicate that unprofessional reviews likely have and will continue to perpetuate the gap in STEM fields for traditionally underrepresented groups in the sciences.
Abstract: Background Peer reviewed research is paramount to the advancement of science. Ideally, the peer review process is an unbiased, fair assessment of the scientific merit and credibility of a study; however, well-documented biases arise in all methods of peer review. Systemic biases have been shown to directly impact the outcomes of peer review, yet little is known about the downstream impacts of unprofessional reviewer comments that are shared with authors. Methods In an anonymous survey of international participants in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, we investigated the pervasiveness and author perceptions of long-term implications of receiving of unprofessional comments. Specifically, we assessed authors' perceptions of scientific aptitude, productivity, and career trajectory after receiving an unprofessional peer review. Results We show that survey respondents across four intersecting categories of gender and race/ethnicity received unprofessional peer review comments equally. However, traditionally underrepresented groups in STEM fields were most likely to perceive negative impacts on scientific aptitude, productivity, and career advancement after receiving an unprofessional peer review. Discussion Studies show that a negative perception of aptitude leads to lowered self-confidence, short-term disruptions in success and productivity and delays in career advancement. Therefore, our results indicate that unprofessional reviews likely have and will continue to perpetuate the gap in STEM fields for traditionally underrepresented groups in the sciences.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data collected from the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) in 2008 to investigate the effect of credibility of a complainant on the likelihood that an officer will question a complainant's credibility.
Abstract: Research has long highlighted the importance of complainant credibility in influencing sexual assault (SA) case outcomes. Despite these findings, few studies have investigated the police decision to question a complainant’s credibility. This study uses data on SAs reported to the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) in 2008 to address this issue, specifically focusing on the effects of rape culture. Results suggest that indicators of “real rape” and measures of complainant “character flaws” influence the likelihood that an officer will question a complainant’s credibility. Notably, all indicators measuring officer perceptions of complainant “character flaws”—whether reputation issues were present, the complainant suffered from mental health issues, her testimony was inconsistent, and if the officer believed she had a motive to lie—increased the likelihood that the police would question her credibility. Practical implications, theoretical advancements, and directions for future research are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the mediation effects of consumers' CSR associations with a company, consumers' assessment of the company's CSR credibility, and consumers' perceptions of their relationship with the company, applying the conceptual frameworks of the uses and gratification theory, source credibility theory, and organization-public relationship (OPR) scholarship, were explored.
Abstract: This study examines consumers’ uses of corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication channels, the relationship of such uses to consumers’ CSR awareness, and the mechanisms through which consumers’ CSR awareness can lead to their intention to participate in CSR activities. Specifically, we explored the mediation effects of consumers’ CSR associations with a company, consumers’ assessment of the company’s CSR credibility, and consumers’ perceptions of their relationship with the company, applying the conceptual frameworks of the uses and gratification theory, source credibility theory, and organization–public relationship (OPR) scholarship. We conducted an online survey of a company’s customers (N = 394), and the results showed that their level of awareness of the company’s CSR activities was positively related to the degree of use of all communication channels through which they received CSR messages, except CSR reports. The degree of the customers’ awareness of the company’s CSR programs, however, did not always correspond to the customers’ intention to participate in the programs: a crucial condition mediating between the customers’ knowledge of CSR programs and their intention to participate in the programs was their associating the company with CSR. The CSR associations influenced CSR credibility and perceived OPR quality, which, in turn, led to CSR participation intention. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a research model and empirically tested it by means of structural equation modeling with data collected from 282 users of the online review website Yelp, and found that factors based on argument quality, including accuracy, completeness and quantity of online reviews, as well as peripheral cues, including reviewer expertise, product/service rating and website reputation, both significantly impact online review credibility, which in turn positively influences consumers' purchase intentions.
Abstract: Consumers frequently rely on online reviews in forming purchase intentions, but at the same time have increasingly expressed reservations with regard to the credibility of online reviews in recent years. Given the lack of empirical research investigating how consumers assess the credibility of online reviews, this study examines determinants of online review credibility and its effect on consumers’ purchase intentions. Drawing upon elaboration likelihood theory, we develop a research model and empirically test it by means of structural equation modeling with data collected from 282 users of the online review website Yelp. Our findings suggest that factors based on argument quality, including accuracy, completeness and quantity of online reviews, as well as peripheral cues, including reviewer expertise, product/service rating and website reputation, both significantly impact online review credibility, which in turn positively influences consumers’ purchase intentions.