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Crithidia

About: Crithidia is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 327 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8319 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
07 Jun 2011-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: A prospective study of a large scale migratory bee keeping operation using high-frequency sampling paired with comprehensive molecular detection methods, including a custom microarray, qPCR, and ultra deep sequencing established seasonal incidence and abundance of known viruses, Nosema sp.
Abstract: Honey bees (Apis mellifera) play a critical role in global food production as pollinators of numerous crops. Recently, honey bee populations in the United States, Canada, and Europe have suffered an unexplained increase in annual losses due to a phenomenon known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Epidemiological analysis of CCD is confounded by a relative dearth of bee pathogen field studies. To identify what constitutes an abnormal pathophysiological condition in a honey bee colony, it is critical to have characterized the spectrum of exogenous infectious agents in healthy hives over time. We conducted a prospective study of a large scale migratory bee keeping operation using high-frequency sampling paired with comprehensive molecular detection methods, including a custom microarray, qPCR, and ultra deep sequencing. We established seasonal incidence and abundance of known viruses, Nosema sp., Crithidia mellificae, and bacteria. Ultra deep sequence analysis further identified four novel RNA viruses, two of which were the most abundant observed components of the honey bee microbiome (∼1011 viruses per honey bee). Our results demonstrate episodic viral incidence and distinct pathogen patterns between summer and winter time-points. Peak infection of common honey bee viruses and Nosema occurred in the summer, whereas levels of the trypanosomatid Crithidia mellificae and Lake Sinai virus 2, a novel virus, peaked in January.

379 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on the observed point-mutations an identification of the Leishmania parasites could be achieved by direct sequencing, restriction fragment analysis or single-stranded conformation polymorphism of the PCR-generated fragments.

365 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The novel results highlight that although secondary metabolites may not rescue survival in infected bees, they may play a vital role in mediating Crithidia transmission within and between colonies by reducingCrithidia infection intensities.
Abstract: The synthesis of secondary metabolites is a hallmark of plant defence against herbivores. These compounds may be detrimental to consumers, but can also protect herbivores against parasites. Floral nectar commonly contains secondary metabolites, but little is known about the impacts of nectar chemistry on pollinators, including bees. We hypothesized that nectar secondary metabolites could reduce bee parasite infection. We inoculated individual bumblebees with Crithidia bombi, an intestinal parasite, and tested effects of eight naturally occurring nectar chemicals on parasite population growth. Secondary metabolites strongly reduced parasite load, with significant effects of alkaloids, terpenoids and iridoid glycosides ranging from 61 to 81%. Using microcolonies, we also investigated costs and benefits of consuming anabasine, the compound with the strongest effect on parasites, in infected and uninfected bees. Anabasine increased time to egg laying, and Crithidia reduced bee survival. However, anabasine consumption did not mitigate the negative effects of Crithidia, and Crithidia infection did not alter anabasine consumption. Our novel results highlight that although secondary metabolites may not rescue survival in infected bees, they may play a vital role in mediating Crithidia transmission within and between colonies by reducing Crithidia infection intensities.

194 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Thymidylate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase exist as a bifunctional protein in a number of species of protozoa which span diverse groups of the subkingdom and it is likely that the bifunctionsal protein is widespread among these primitive eukaryotes.

138 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Analysis of the characteristics of protein import into mitochondria of Trypanosoma brucei suggests a resemblance between the import machineries of mitochondria and hydrogenosomes.

125 citations

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20232
202210
20213
20202
20199
20189